Urbanization

1. Urbanization By: Kevin, Paige, Kassi and Becca

2. Urbanization: What was it? It was the movement of people into cities, and urban areas, in stead of farming. Jobs consisted of working in factories, mines and other types of work involving business. This greatly differed from the life of a farm worker, which is what people worked as before. This transition was hard, and had both positive and negative affects.

3. Transportation And its Positive Affects Transportation helped fuel urbanization Transportation helped people get to cities, and get to their jobs. Transportation also helped people spread ideas and work harder. The car and train made people travel so much faster than they did before.

4. Factories Factories provided horrible conditions for workers. They paid their workers very very small wages, to work very hard and Dangerous jobs. People dieing at factories were not a rare occasion, and people often Hoped people would die, so that they could replace them at their job. Sometimes, whole families of people would work at factories, and still Were not able to make a living for their whole family.

5. Children where forced to work in factories, because their parents could not pay For their families alone. Children where often hired because their small hands could fit inside parts of machines That adults couldn’t fit in. Child labor was horrible, children lost limbs and lives during the industrial revolution.

6. Health Problems • In the close quarters of the cities, disease spread fast. • When one person got sick, a whole group of people would, because people lived so close together, in very unsanitary conditions.

7. New Inventions • Urbanization spread to new inventions, such as the skyscraper and sewage systems. • One good part of living in such close quarters, was the fact that ideas spread very quickly when people were closer to each other.

8. Social Darwinism • Social Darwinism was the philosophy that one social class was better than all the others, and destined to rule everybody. • It also stated that the weak social classes would die out, and eventually there would only be the social elite.

9. Culture • The fact that all the people lived together, made people seek out means for entertainment. • Museums, theaters and other types of entertainment were invented, so people could spend time away from the troubles of work.

10. Summary • In the end, the industrial revolution had both positive and negative affects. • The negative came from the tight quarters, and poor working conditions of the cities. • The positive came from all the new inventions made, and the fact that it made people communicate much more efficiently.

11. Timeline 9/8/1867- Cornelius Vanderbilt moved to buy stock in the Erie to combine with his railroad. 6/25/1868 Congress gives an 8 hour workday for workers employed by the government. 1/17/1871 Jay Gould became the most powerful railroad man. 10/10/1871 The Great Chicago Fire destroyed building burned. 12/19/1875 Central Pacific Railroad reportedly budgeted $500,000 each year for bridges. surprised many supporters by refusing to use the patronage system. 4/10/1877 President Hays withdrew federal troops from the South, ending the Reconstruction. 1/15/1879 George B. Cox won election to the city counsel. 7/2/1881 Charles Guiteau shot James A. Garfield the president. 5/6/1882 Chinese Exclusion Act was passed. 6/12/1883 Pendleton Civil Service Act was passed 9/6/1901 McKinley went on a tour of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. 11/17/1910 Federal government built an immigration center on Angel Island 7/18/1914 World War I begins in Europe. 7/1/1921 Immigration Restriction Act Limited immigration from Europe and Asia 2/27/1877 Rutherford B. Hayes

12. Youtube Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1m0QudJibQ