LifePlace

1. LifePlace

2. William Tuthill

3. Melissa Chandon

4. Albert Bierstadt • Views of the American West: True or False?

5. A GATEWAY FOR SACRAMENTO? • Sactown Magazine’s“competition”

6. Geography of Tourism • For my part I travel not to go anywhere, but to go. I travel for travel’s stake. The great affair is to move. • Robert Louis Stevenson

7. National Geographic • National Geographic Magazine is considered one of the truly fine magazines in the world today • Its primary goal is to illustrate the differences that characterize the world’s variety of places • Its extreme popularity reflects people’s curiosity about other places and cultures

8. National Geographic • NG has five magazines (NG, NG Adventure, NG Traveler, NG Kids and NG Explorer) • NG has an extensive collection of DVDs and CDs • NG has a website and a cable station • NG has an online store • NG is famous for its maps and photographs

9. World War II • People became more interested in the world in general as a continuous unit • There was a realization that the events in one part of the world have an important impact on residents in another part of the world

10. WWII • WWII also forced a speedy change in airplane technology

11. Tourism & Geography • Geography is the study of the earth as the home for humans • Geography is concerned with the combination of factors that makes each place on earth unique

12. Tourism and Geography • Geography, “the mother of all sciences,” grew out of geology • Geography, as the study of the earth’s surface, produced several other sciences such as hydrology, lithography, meteorology and seismotology

13. Uniqueness • Uniqueness results from the combination of the natural (physical) setting of climate, landforms and resources, and the cultural (human) phenomena created by the residents of that place such as buildings, economics, dress styles, religion, diseases, agriculture, politics and other cultural features

14. Uniqueness • The combination of physical and cultural (human) factors that make each place different is the stimulus for human curiosity about other places, which causes the growth and development of tourism

15. Geography & Tourism • Two interrelations: • The uniqueness of place creates an attraction, and… • Tourism itself is an agent of change, becoming an element in the uniqueness of place and an important variable in geographic studies

16. Elements of Geography • Location • Time

17. Location • A fundamental aspect of geography that directly affects tourism is the need for measuring and indicating exact locations on earth

18. Location • There are several methods of determining locations on earth • The most basic parts of determining geographic location are: • Geoids • Projections • Grids

19. Mercator

20. Lambert Conformal Conic

21. Mollweide

22. Location • To keep it very simple, the most elementary form of grid location systems is the latitude/longitude system of coordinate points • Others include the UTM (universal transverse mercator) or various military grid systems

23. Latitude (Parallels) • Latitude lines extend east and west around the globe (or across a projection), with the central latitude line being the equator • These lines measure how far north or south of the equator a location is

24. Latitude (Parallels) • These lines are parallel to each other (hence the common name) and go from 0 degrees at the equator to 90 degrees at either pole • Latitude divides the each into two hemispheres (the northern and the southern hemispheres)

25. Longitude (Meridians) • Intersecting the parallels are lines running north and south called Meridians (lines of longitude) • Meridians are not parallel as each of them originates at the poles, therefore, converging at the poles and being more widely spread at the equator

26. Longitude (Meridians) • Meridians run north and south,and measure the distance east and west of the Prime Meridian, which runs through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich England • Meridians go from 0 degrees at the Prime Meridian to 180 degrees east or west • The earth can be split into the eastern hemisphere and western hemisphere along the Prime Meridian and 180 degree meridian

27. Earth

28. Location • Every point on earth can be located using the lat/long method: • Sacramento 38° 31' N 121° 30' W • San Francisco 37° 37' N 122° 23' W • Honolulu 21° 20' N 157° 55' W • New York City 40° 47' N 73° 58' W

29. Zones

30. Themes of Geography • Location • Place and Space • Movement • Region

31. Location • The where of geography • Absolute • Relative • Geographic

32. Absolute Location • Core importance to uniqueness, this is the actual precise point on the earth’s surface that tells where someplace is • This is commonly referred to as site • This location is used in orientation and measurement and may come from lat/long, UTM, Military, USPLS, etc.

33. Absolute Characteristics • Absolute characteristics are those that specifically refer to that location in terms of physical and cultural characteristics (population, climate, landforms, language, architecture, political systems, etc.)

35. Relative Location • Also referred to as situation • This measure of location examines the location of a place with respect to other places • This is to understand interdependence at local, regional, national and global scales

36. Relative Location • The spatial interaction between a place and the rest of the world depends on its relative location, its distance from other places, its accessibility or isolation, and its potential for contact

37. Relative Location • Places that have both a desired characteristic such as a warm winter climate or access to beaches (often called sun-sea-sand), and important cultural attractions near large population centers are conducive to interaction with other places and development as a tourist center

38. Relative Location • Countries that have poor location relative to wealthy industrialized nations of Europe and North America, such as the interior of Africa, or are isolated by either physical or cultural phenomena, have few tourists even though they may have attractive physical relationships

39. Relative Location • Countries that have poor relative location are apt to a lower standard of living • Physical features such as mountains or deserts, or cultural features such as language, can keep some locations from benefiting from technological advances taking place in the rest of the world

40. Interior Africa • Countries such as Chad and Rwanda are separated from contact with industrial Europe by physical distance, climate, landforms and culture, and they lack adequate transportation (technology) and therefore lack the basis for economic development in general or tourism development specifically

41. Geographic Location • This is the combination of absolute (site) and relative (situational) location

42. Case in Point • More people visit Paris than Oslo because Paris is more accessible and because of the nature and extent of the attractions in each city and the surrounding areas • Paris’s location facilitates visits to other European attractions such as London, where as Oslo is on the periphery of Europe

43. Perception • Perception by the potential tourist is a key element in the movement of visitors from one place to another • People have a tendency to react to the world, not as it is, but as they think it is

44. Perception and Location • Perception is formed in a cultural context of human behaviors with a background steeped in the traditions, values and goals of a person or group • The perception of an area can either enhance or deter tourism to that place

45. Perception and Marketing • Travel advertisements may use the public perception of a place if it is positive to sell the location • If the perception is negative (like NYC), campaigns are created to alter that perception (I Love NY)

46. Place and Space • The why of Geography • Physical Characteristics • Human Characteristics

47. Geography • All places have distinctive tangible and intangible characteristics that give them meaning and character and distinguish them from other places

48. Physical Geography • Physical characteristics are derived from the geological, hydrological, atmospheric and biological processes that produce landforms, bodies of water, climate, soils, natural vegetation and animal life

49. Human Geography • Culture is an acquired behavior, the way of life held in common by a group of people • Humans can also impact the physical environment of a place • When humans affect the physical environment, we have a cultural landscape

50. Cultural Landscapes • In Indonesia, for example, there are two groups of people – one is matrilineal and lives in the forests and the other is patrilineal and lives on the grasslands • The patrilineal group has actually altered their area to graze cattle (it was once a forest), and as it was altered for a cultural reason, it becomes a cultural landscapes