1. EBYTE Wireless Module Antenna Selection, Installation & Troubleshooting Complete Guide According to EBYTE product knowledge base statistics, antenna-related issues account for 68% of all wireless communication performance complaints. Based on 10+ years of industrial IoT deployment experience and over 10,000 real-world project cases, this guide provides systematic solutions for antenna configuration, helping you achieve communication performance close to or exceeding datasheet specifications. As of 2026, EBYTE wireless modules have been deployed in over 150 countries, serving more than 200,000 customers worldwide, with products widely used in industrial automation, smart agriculture, smart city, and asset tracking applications. Table of Contents 1. Antenna Selection Guide & IPEX Interface Compatibility 2. Impact of Antenna and Feeder Cable on Signal Performance 3. Antenna Installation Best Practices & Metal Enclosure Risks 4. Dual Interface (IPEX + Stamp Hole) Usage Specifications 5. Performance Troubleshooting Checklist 6. Frequently Asked Questions 1. Antenna Selection Guide & IPEX Interface Compatibility

2. Antenna selection is not about choosing the "best" model, but the most suitable one for your specific application scenario. The decision should be based on three core principles: 1.1 Core Selection Principles • Frequency Matching: The antenna operating frequency must be exactly the same as the wireless module frequency. For example, a 433MHz module must use a 433MHz antenna; using a 2.4GHz antenna will result in complete communication failure. • Impedance Matching: All EBYTE wireless modules are designed for 50Ω characteristic impedance. Using non-50Ω antennas will cause severe signal reflection, reducing effective radiation power by up to 80%. • Scenario Adaptation: Select antenna type based on installation environment, communication distance requirement, and device form factor. 1.2 Antenna Type Comparison & Applicable Scenarios Antenna Type Typical Gain Interface Type Best Application Scenario EBYTE Reference Model PCB/FPC Antenna ~2.0 dBi Stamp Hole/IPEX Space- constrained embedded devices, cost- sensitive applications TX433-FPC- 2906, TX2400- FPC-4008 Rubber Duck/Whip Antenna 2.0 - 3.0 dBi SMA/IPEX/D irect Solder General external device antenna, balance TX433-JZ-5 (52mm), TX915-JK-11

3. between performanc e and size Suction Cup/Magne tic Antenna 3.5 - 6.0 dBi SMA + Extension Cable Temporary testing, vehicle installation, window or metal surface deployment TX433-XPH- 300 (6dBi), TX2400-XPL- 150 Fiberglass/R od Antenna 5.0 - 12+ dBi N-type/SMA Fixed point- to-point long- distance communicat ion, pole installation required TXWF-BLG- 40, TX915- BLG-26 Miniature Glue Stick Antenna 2.0 - 3.0 dBi IPEX Built-in device applications , connected to module via IPEX interface TXGN-PCB- 3508, TX2400-JKS- IPX20 1.3 Selection Recommendations • For extreme long-distance fixed point-to-point communication: Choose high-gain fiberglass directional antennas (such as Yagi antennas) • For general external device applications: Choose rubber duck or suction cup antennas, higher gain is preferred • For built-in devices with limited space: Choose PCB/FPC antennas or miniature glue stick antennas via IPEX interface

4. • For testing and temporary deployment: Suction cup antennas are the best choice for easy position adjustment 1.4 IPEX Interface Generation Compatibility According to EBYTE antenna specification documents (e.g., TXGN-PCB- D41_CN_v2.0.pdf, TX2400-FPC-4008_CN_v2.0.pdf), all EBYTE modules and supporting antennas use IPEX-1 (Generation 1) interface as standard. When purchasing third-party antennas or extension cables, please confirm interface compatibility to avoid connection failures. 2. Impact of Antenna and Feeder Cable on Signal Performance Antenna is the "speaker" and "microphone" of RF signal systems, and its performance has a decisive impact on communication quality. 2.1 Antenna Performance Impact • Frequency Mismatch: Causes severe impedance mismatch, most of the signal is reflected back to the module, resulting in extremely short communication distance or even complete communication failure • Insufficient Gain: Under the same conditions, lower gain directly reduces effective radiated power and reception sensitivity, limiting maximum communication distance • Quality Issues: Low-quality antennas have high VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) and low efficiency, causing internal signal loss even with correct parameter matching 2.2 Feeder Cable (Extension Cable) Impact When the module is installed inside the enclosure, EBYTE knowledge base recommends using high-quality antenna extension cables to extend the antenna outside the enclosure. However, feeder cables introduce signal loss:

5. • Feeder Loss: Signal attenuation increases with cable length, frequency, and decreasing cable quality. Excessively long feeder cables will significantly reduce module transmission power and received signal strength • Poor Quality Impact: Low-quality cables have poor shielding effect, easily introducing interference; non-standard impedance causes reflection loss, leading to high bit error rate (as stated in EWM226- xxxT22S_UserManual_CN_v1.0.pdf Section 9.3) • Strict Prohibition: Never cut and splice ordinary wires to extend the antenna, as this will completely destroy impedance matching and resonance characteristics, resulting in almost no signal radiation 3. Antenna Installation Best Practices & Metal Enclosure Risks Installation specifications are repeatedly emphasized in almost all EBYTE module hardware design chapters (e.g., E22- xxxT30x_UserManual_CN_V1.4_.docx Chapter 8), and are the iron rule for ensuring performance. 3.1 Correct Installation Methods • Exposure Principle: "Ensure the antenna is exposed". The antenna must be installed outside the device enclosure, with no obstructions around the radiator • Vertical Orientation: "Preferably vertically upward". For common whip antennas, vertical installation provides the most uniform radiation pattern in the horizontal plane, beneficial for omnidirectional communication • Distance from Interference Sources: Keep away from metal objects, power supplies, transformers and other strong interference sources. Metal objects near the antenna or installation inside metal enclosures will cause severe signal attenuation • Environmental Considerations:

6. ◦Avoid installation close to the ground: Ground absorption and reflection of radio waves reduce test performance ◦Avoid seaside deployment: Seawater has extremely strong radio wave absorption capability, resulting in poor performance ◦Increase installation height: This is one of the most effective methods to increase line-of-sight communication distance 3.2 Risks of Installation Inside Metal Enclosures WARNING: "Antennas must never be installed inside metal enclosures, as this will greatly reduce transmission distance." - EBYTE Hardware Design Guideline Metal enclosures act as Faraday cages, shielding electromagnetic waves and confining RF signals inside the enclosure, with only a small amount of energy leaking through gaps. In practice, communication distance will drop from the theoretical several kilometers to only a few meters, or even complete communication failure. This is one of the most common causes of "unsatisfactory transmission distance" issues. 4. Dual Interface (IPEX + Stamp Hole) Usage Specifications Many EBYTE modules are designed with both IPEX and stamp hole interfaces for flexible production, but they must never be used simultaneously. 4.1 Electrical Principle The module's RF output (PA) is designed to drive a single 50Ω load. Connecting two antennas simultaneously is equivalent to connecting two loads in parallel, severely disrupting impedance matching. 4.2 Consequences of Simultaneous Use

7. • Severe signal reflection: Most transmission power is reflected back to the PA circuit, unable to be effectively radiated • Damage risk: Reflected power may damage the module's RF PA transistor, causing permanent failure • Deteriorated reception sensitivity: The reception path also suffers performance degradation due to matching confusion 4.3 Correct Usage Method Choose one interface based on your product design and production convenience: • Use IPEX interface for external antenna connection • Or use stamp hole (SMT Pad) for soldering PCB/FPC antenna • The unused interface must remain floating and properly isolated to avoid short circuits with nearby traces or copper planes 5. Performance Troubleshooting Checklist When encountering communication distance issues, please check the antenna system according to this checklist first: 1. [First Check] Is the antenna exposed? Is it installed inside a metal enclosure? 2. [Installation Check] Is the antenna vertically oriented? Is it close to the ground, walls or large metal objects? 3. [Matching Check] Does the antenna frequency match the module? Is the interface (SMA/IPEX) correctly connected and tightened? 4. [Cable Check] If extension cables are used, is the cable length excessive (>3 meters)? Is the cable quality good? 5. [Hardware Check] Is only one antenna connected to the module's

8. IPEX and stamp hole interfaces? 6. Frequently Asked Questions Q: Can I use a higher gain antenna to achieve longer communication distance? A: Within a reasonable range, yes. However, antenna gain increase is accompanied by size increase and narrower radiation angle. For omnidirectional communication scenarios, excessive gain may cause coverage blind spots in certain directions. Q: How to choose the appropriate feeder cable length? A: It is recommended to keep the feeder cable length within 3 meters for frequencies below 1GHz, and within 1 meter for frequencies above 2.4GHz. If longer cables are necessary, choose low-loss coaxial cables (e.g., LMR-200 or higher specification) and appropriately increase antenna gain to compensate for loss. Q: Are EBYTE antennas compatible with third-party wireless modules? A: Yes, as long as the frequency and impedance match, EBYTE antennas can be used with any brand of wireless modules. The IPEX-1 interface is an industry standard, compatible with most module designs on the market. Q: How to test if the antenna system is working properly? A: You can use a spectrum analyzer to measure VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio), which should be below 1.5 for normal operation.

9. Alternatively, compare communication distance with EBYTE's official evaluation kit in the same environment to identify performance differences. About EBYTE Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. is a national high-tech enterprise specializing in R&D, production and sales of wireless communication modules and IoT solutions. With over 10 years of industry experience, the company serves more than 200,000 customers in over 150 countries, with product lines covering LoRa modules, BLE modules, WiFi modules, ZigBee modules, industrial IoT gateways, and supporting antennas. • Official Website: https://www.cdebyte.com • Technical Support: support@cdebyte.com • GitHub: github.com/cdebyte • YouTube: youtube.com/@EBYTE_Official Recommended Related Articles: • LoRa Antenna Selection Complete Guide 2026 • BLE/WiFi/LoRa Tri-in-One Module Application Guide • EWT104-BT61SP BLE Test Kit User Manual