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An LSCC Learning Center Self-Paced Tutorial

PARTS OF SPEECH: adjectives, articles, and adverbs . An LSCC Learning Center Self-Paced Tutorial. What are the Parts of Speech?. This is the common term for the various categories of words that make up the English language. They are: Nouns Verbs

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An LSCC Learning Center Self-Paced Tutorial

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  1. PARTS OF SPEECH: adjectives, articles, and adverbs An LSCC Learning Center Self-Paced Tutorial

  2. What are the Parts of Speech? • This is the common term for the various categories of words that make up the English language. • They are: • Nouns Verbs • Pronouns Adverbs • Adjectives Articles • Prepositions Conjunctions • Interjections The good news is – this is the entire list! The bad news is - many of these categories have multiple subgroups.

  3. THE THREE A’S • Today our focus is on the three A’s of speech: • Adjectives • Articles • Adverbs Let’s look at each one separately and see how they function.

  4. ADJECTIVES An adjective describes or modifies a noun or pronoun. A green shirt A slippery slide The local playground

  5. ADJECTIVES • Adjectives can precede the noun they modify: • Beautiful roses grow in my garden. • Adjectives can follow a linking or sensory verb, and these are called predicate adjectives: • The roses in my garden arebeautiful. • The roses in my garden smellbeautiful. Sensory verbs are those dealing with sight, smell, touch, taste and feeling.

  6. Adjectives tell us: How many: Three blind mice What kind: A rising sun Which one: That new car ADJECTIVES

  7. ADJECTIVES • An example of adjective order • Article/number A / one • Opinion trendy • Size big • Age new • Shape/texture flat /soft • Color blue • Origin Italian • Material leather • Purpose hiking Noun jacket

  8. ADJECTIVES Commas or not? The test for whether to place a comma between two adjectives is based on adjective order: If you can reverse the order and still make sense, put a comma: The gooey, sticky candy or The sticky, gooey candy If you can’t reverse the order, no comma is needed: The three young girls not The young three girls

  9. ADJECTIVES • Two verb forms can also be adjectives: • Participles usually end in EN, ED or ING. If they are paired with a helping verb, they are always verbs: • A trip was planned (verb) • A planned trip (adjective) • Infinitives (TO+VERB) may act as adjectives, adverbs or nouns. • Donating blood is a way to give back to the community.(modifies way)

  10. ADJECTIVES There are three degrees of adjectives. These are based on how many things are being considered at one time. • They describe levels, intensity or comparison • Big: one item: A big announcement • Bigger: two items: Godzilla is bigger than King Kong. • Biggest: more than two: The biggest car ever built • The –er form for comparing two things is called the comparative. • The –est form for more than two things is called the superlative.

  11. ARTICLES • The articles areA, AN, andTHE. They are sometimes classed as adjectives because they help define a frame of reference. • AandANare used with a non-specific reference: • Arecently passed law (which one?) • "A" is used with words that begin with a consonant. • "An" is used with words that begin with a vowel. • THE points to one specific thing: • The recently passed law (as opposed to all others)

  12. ADVERBS • General facts: • Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs: walkingquickly, brightly colored, veryeasily • Many are created by adding “ly” to an adjective: • Nice – nicely, slow – slowly butmany are irregular: yesterday, alongside • They answer the questions How, When, Where, or To What Extent

  13. ADVERBS Let’s test the rules: • Howdid Maria get that huge report done? She workeddiligentlythroughout the week. • Whenwill the report be printed? It’s printedalready! • Wherecan I get a copy? I stacked thembesidethe copier. • To what extentare they accurate? They arenearly100 percent correct.

  14. ADVERBIAL CONJUNCTIONS • Also called conjunctive adverbs, join two sentences that share some logical connection. • These adverbs are preceded by a semicolon and followed by a comma : • I went to a party last night; however,I left early so I could get to school this morning. • The movie we wanted to see was sold out;therefore,we decided to play miniature golf instead.

  15. Whereas Accordingly Therefore Also Besides Consequently Finally Thus However Instead Indeed Furthermore Later Moreover Nevertheless Otherwise Still So ADVERBIAL CONJUNCTIONS • As a matter of fact • On the other hand • Likewise • Nonetheless • Similarly • For example • Certainly • At the same time • In the first place

  16. THE THREE A’S • If you need further study or • if you want more information about this topic: • Meet with your instructor • Visit the Learning Center • Go online to the Purdue OWL

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