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Introduction to Computer Programming

Introduction to Computer Programming. Lecture - 1. Computer Programming:-. Computer programming is the process of designing, writing, testing, and maintaining the  source code  of  computer programs. Computer Program:-.

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Introduction to Computer Programming

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  1. Introduction to Computer Programming Lecture - 1

  2. Computer Programming:- • Computer programming is the process of designing, writing, testing, and maintaining the source code of computer programs.

  3. Computer Program:- • A computer program is a sequence of instructions written to perform a specified task for a computer. • A computer requires programs to function. • Computer software is the collection of computer programs that provide the instructions telling a computer what to do. • Programs are written in a programming language, example ‘C’ language

  4. Program consists of:- • Keywords: Keywords are the predefined elements of a program. They may only be used for their intended purpose. • Defined Symbols: Elements defined by the programmer. They are symbolic names that refer to variables. • Operators and Operands: Operators perform operations on one or more operands. An operand is usually a piece of data, like a number. • For example: a + b • + --- Operator • a, b --- Operands • Syntax and Semantic: Rules followed while constructing a program. Syntax dictates how key words and operators must be used.

  5. What is a Programmer? • A programmer or computer programmer or coder is the one who writes computer programs to develop computer software. • Programmers use a Programming language to write the computer programs.

  6. Programming Languages:- • Computer programming language can be classified into two major categories: • Low level • Low level programming languages are close to the machine(computer hardware). • They doesn’t need compiler or interpreter for execution of a program. • Example: 1 - Machine Language (Binary language 0’s and 1’s) 2 - Assembly Language (OPCODEs and MNEMONICS)

  7. Continued:- • 2-High Level Languages (HLL): • High level programming languages are close to the User that is machined independent. • They need compiler or interpreter for execution of a program. • Example: 1 - Visual Basic 2 - Pascal 3 - Java 4 – C, C++ and many more.

  8. Program Execution? • Each programming language is associated with a Compiler or/and Interpreter. • Compilers and Interpreters are needed to execute or run the program and to get the result.

  9. What is Compiler? A Compiler is a program that translates a high-level language into a low-level.The compiler takes the file that you have written(Source code) and produces another file(Object code) from it.The Source code is user understandable and Object Code is Machine Understandable

  10. ObjectCode Compiler SourceCode Execute Program Compiler

  11. What is Interpreter? • A Compiler is also a program that translates a high-level language into a low-level. • It does it at the moment the program is run. • It takes the program, one line at a time, and translates each line before running it: It translates the first line and runs it, then translates the second line and runs it etc.

  12. Using Interpreter: Interpreter SourceCode Execute a Line of Program Interpreter

  13. Software Engineering Software engineering(SE) is :-theprofessionconcerned with specifying, designing, developing and maintainingsoftwareapplications by applyingtechnologies.

  14. FIVE basic phases of Software Development Life Cycle :- • Requirement and Analysis • System Design • Coding and Implementation • Integration and Testing • Deployment and maintenance

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