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Cats can hear ultrasound.

“ Nobody can go back and start a new beginning, but anyone can start today and make a new ending.” - Maria Robinson. Cats can hear ultrasound. World War I: The Causes of the Great War. Europe on the Eve of the War. Nationalism in Europe (2:23). #1: Nationalism.

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Cats can hear ultrasound.

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  1. “Nobody can go back and start a new beginning, but anyone can start today and make a new ending.”- Maria Robinson Cats can hear ultrasound.

  2. World War I: The Causes of the Great War

  3. Europe on the Eve of the War

  4. Nationalism in Europe • (2:23)

  5. #1: Nationalism • Devotion to the interests or culture of one's nation. • The belief that nations will benefit from acting independently rather than collectively, emphasizing national rather than international goals. • Aspirations for national independence in a country under foreign domination.

  6. Nationalism • The feeling of Nationalism that unified Germany in 1871 continued into the 20th Century; the Germans wanted to expand. • French Nationalists wanted revenge against Germany for the loss of Alsace-Lorraine in the 1870-1871 Franco-Prussian War.

  7. Alsace-Lorraine

  8. Nationalism • In Austria-Hungary, Slavic nationalism was gathering strength under the concept of Pan-Slavism. • Pan-Slavism: Slavs had a historic mission to develop their culture and to unite into an empire. • It would be the Serbian Slavs’s actions that would eventually trigger WWI.

  9. Nationalism • Aus-Hun feared the Serbian unrest in the Balkans would destabilize and break up the empire. • The Serbian nationalists wanted to establish the Yugoslav (“Pan-Slavism”) state with Serbia as the center. • In response to this nationalism, Aus-Hun annexed the Slavic territories of Bosnia-Herzegovina which sparked the Balkan Wars.

  10. Bosnia-Herzegovina

  11. The Balkan Wars • 1st Balkan War 1912: Serbs wanted to annex Albania but were unsuccessful. • 2nd Balkan War 1913: Albania became independent which frustrated Serbians even more. • What did this war show?: the level of nationalism among Serbs, the weakness of Russia (Serbian-Ally (Russo-Jap. War 1904-1905), and the weakening Aus-Hun Empire.

  12. Building Global Empires and Military Alliances [01:46]

  13. #2: Imperialism • Imperialism was an outgrowth of the Industrialization occurring in the European powers. • Industrialization caused many of these European powers to enter into fierce competition with each other. • Part of the competition was imperialism: The policy of extending a nation's authority by territorial acquisition or by the establishment of economic and political hegemony over other nations.

  14. Imperialism • Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Italy sought to acquire new markets and to establish and expand global empires. • G.B.: sea lanes, France: Morocco, Germany: Ottoman Empire, Aus-Hun.: Balkans/Aegean Sea, Russia: Bosporus / Dardanelles. • Competition turned to hostility as one power crossed another in its efforts to accomplish its goals.

  15. #3: Militarism • The rise of tensions through imperialism, industrialization, and nationalism brought with it a rise in militarism. • Militarism: the glorification of war and the military. • With militarism, the competition between the European countries drastically increased. The European nations began comparing their capabilities to wage war.

  16. Militarism • With militarism, diplomats sought to win new allies, military leaders called for increased military spending, and after 1870 all the powers except G.B. enacted conscription. • Conscription: the compulsory call-up of civilians for military service and universal military training. • With each nations’ efforts in build up, the other nations would react accordingly.

  17. #4: The Entangling Alliances • With militarism, alliances between the European powers began to harden. • 1879: Germany and Austria-Hungary. • 1882: Italy joins Germany and Aus-Hun. (Triple Alliance). • 1894: France and Russia. • 1904: France and G.B. (Entente Cordiale), then later the Triple Entente (Fr., G.B., and Russ.).

  18. The Entangling Alliances

  19. The Entangling Alliances

  20. The Entangling Alliances • By 1907, the powers of Europe had aligned themselves into two opposing organizations: Triple Alliance (Germ., Aus-Hun., and Italy) vs. Triple Entente (G.B., Fr., and Russ.). • Rather than make these countries feel secure, it only increased their anxiety; if one country went to war, their allies would be obliged to provide assistance.

  21. #5: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

  22. #5: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • December 18, 1863- June 28, 1914. • Heir to the Aus-Hun throne. • On June 28, 1914 at approximately 11:00 am, Franz his wife were killed in Sarajevo, the capital of the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia and Herzegovina. • Their assassination was organized by a group of Serbian nationalists known as the Black Hand.

  23. Gavrilo Princip

  24. The Assassination that Sparked the War • Franz Ferdinand planned, upon becoming emperor, to give the Slavs of Bosnia-Herzegovina and other parts of the empire a voice in the government equal to that of the Austrians and Hungarians. • This assassination caused Austria-Hungry to declare war on Serbia; thusly WWI begins.

  25. 1914: Austria-Hungary Declares War Against Serbia [01:26]

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