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Weathering and Soil

Weathering and Soil. Test Review. Question 1. True or False: After chemical weathering, the chemical make up of the rock is the same. False . Question 2. Which soil layer contains partially weathered rock? C Horizon. Question 3.

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Weathering and Soil

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  1. Weathering and Soil Test Review

  2. Question 1 • True or False: After chemical weathering, the chemical make up of the rock is the same. • False

  3. Question 2 • Which soil layer contains partially weathered rock? • C Horizon

  4. Question 3 • What is the loose material on the Earth’s surface that contains humus? • Soil

  5. Question 4 • Which soil layer is the best for growing plants? • The A Horizon (Topsoil)

  6. Question 5 • What agent of mechanical weathering wears away rock by the grinding action of other rock particles? • Abrasion

  7. Question 6 • How does ice wedging cause mechanical weathering of rocks? • By freezing and thawing

  8. Question 7 • The growth of plant roots and animal activity is what type of weathering? • Mechanical Weathering

  9. Question 8 • What kind of weathering causes the mineral composition of rocks to change? • Chemical weathering

  10. Question 9 • A rock containing iron becomes soft and crumbly and reddish-brown in color. It has probably been weathered by what? • Oxygen (oxidation)

  11. Question 10 • How does a hot and wet climate affect the rate of weathering? • It makes it take place faster

  12. Question 11 • What are the most important factors in determining the weathering rate of rocks? • Climate and mineral composition

  13. Question 12 • Why do permeable rocks weather easily? • Because they are full of tiny connected air spaces

  14. Question 13 • How does soil formation begin? • With the weathering of rock

  15. Question 14 • What is the mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, water, and air called? • Soil

  16. Question 15 • What is the decayed organic material in soil called? • Humus

  17. Question 16 • Removing nutrients such as iron and copper from the ground is called what? • Depletion

  18. Question 17 • Which soil particle is the largest? • Gravel

  19. Question 18 • What soil particle is the smallest? • Clay

  20. Question 19 • The type of soil called loam is made of what? • Nearly equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay

  21. Question 20 • In which layer of soil is topsoil found? • A Horizon

  22. Question 21 • What type of particles does the B Horizon contain? • Clay, minerals, and a little humus

  23. Question 22 • What do living organisms do in the soil? • Mix the soil and make humus

  24. Question 23 • What do decomposers do in soil? • Break down and digest the remains of dead organisms

  25. Question 24 • Which organism does most of the work of mixing humus into the soil? • Earthworms

  26. Question 25 • What can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover? • Erosion by wind or water

  27. Question 26 • Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. What effect did this have when a drought struck the Great Plains during the 1930’s? • It helped to cause the Dust Bowl

  28. Question 27 • Using land to grow food crops is an example of what? • Agriculture

  29. Question 28 • What is the solid layer of rock beneath the soil called? • The Bedrock (R Horizon)

  30. Question 29 • What is another name for the B Horizon? • Subsoil

  31. Question 30 • What type of weathering occurs when pollutants in the air mix with the water vapor in the air? • Acid Rain

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