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Learn about how Oklahoma became a state, the concept of twin territories, the role of the Oklahoma Enabling Act, and the impact of Jim Crow laws on the state.
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Learning Goals • The students will understand the concept of twin territories, how the Jim Crow Laws affected the “twin territories”, the concept of prohibition and how Oklahoma became a state.
The Hamilton Bill • Known as the Oklahoma Enabling Act passed on June 16, 1906 providing for the creation of a single state combining the territories. • The series of events which had begun with the Indian Removal; Act of 1830 had finally achieved the aims of many of the early white leaders. The Indian Nations no longer existed. • Indians were going to be made a part of American society. • The Oklahoma Enabling Act was passed by voters on November 6, 1906
E.P. McCabe, founder of Langston, continued to believe the only was for African-Americans to achieve political power was to become a voting majority – that is to have the largest voting aged group in a given area. In this case the area was Oklahoma Territory. McCabe hoped to make Oklahoma an African American State. E.P. McCabe and the black state
On November 16th1907,Oklahoma became the 46th state of the United States.
How did Oklahoma become a state? Oklahoma started out as TWO territories!
Before new lands are added to the United States, they spend a few years being a “territory.”
The next map shows all fifty states as they joined the union over one hundred years of our nation’s growing ….
The United States Congress admits new states to the union- after the citizens living there have decided that is what they want.
First, state leaders gather together at a convention (meeting) to write a state constitution. All states have their own constitution- an agreement of how their government will be run.
And that is just what the people in Oklahoma did. Only there were TWO groups of people who wanted to join the United States!
In 1905, leaders of many Indian tribes met together to ask for statehood. They wanted to join their lands together into a state, named after the Cherokee leader, Sequoyah.
Another group of people met in Oklahoma City to ask for statehood for the western areas. They would call their state Oklahoma.
But Congress would not approve either group’s request. The TWO territories were asked to work together and find a way to create ONE state.
So, leaders from Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory met together to write a constitution for one state.
They agreed to call the state “Oklahoma.” The capital was located in the center of the state in the town of Guthrie.
And the people from both territories voted “YES” to the joining of TWO territories together.
One year later, Congress admitted Oklahoma as the 46th state. President Theodore Roosevelt signed the law making Oklahoma a state!
President Roosevelt signed the statehood proclamation on the morning of November 16, 1907.
A White House telegraphwas sent to Guthrie the minute the President signed the proclamation!
A crowd was already waiting in the streets to celebrate. People cheered, men fired pistols into the air, and bands played.
The people had already held an election days before to choose their first Governor, Charles Haskell.
"I do solemnly swear that I will support, obey, and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of Oklahoma as Governor of the State of Oklahoma."
As part of the ceremony, a pretend wedding was held between a man who stood for Oklahoma Territoryand a woman who stood for Indian Territory.
The statue in front of the Oklahoma Territorial Museum represents the marriage between a women who stood for the Indian territory and a man who stood for the Oklahoma Territory.
A minister of a nearby church “married” the two territories into ONE state- Oklahoma!
Jim Crowism • Although President Roosevelt had previously asked that “Jim Crow” laws not be included in the Constitution he approved the document and proclaimed Oklahoma to be a state on November 16, 1907. • “Jim Crow” laws are ones in which segregate or discriminate against African Americans • Regardless of the Jim Crowism of the new Constitution the document was considered quite progressive in 1907. It provided for an eight hour work day for government employees and miners, and it allowed women to vote in school elections.
1.) Name the two territories that were being combined to form the State of Oklahoma? _________________________________________ 2.) Who was elected president of the Oklahoma Constitutional Convention? a.) G.W. Steele b.) Charles Haskell c.) William Murray 3.) E.P. McCabe was the founder of what town? a.) Guthrie b.) Langston c.) Oklahoma City 4.) What act combined the two “twin” territories into one state? a.) Organic Act known as the Hamilton Bill b.) Dawes Act known as the Hamilton Bill c.) Oklahoma Enabling Act known as the Hamilton Bill 5.) What laws allowed for segregation and stated that “separate but equal” was legal? a.) Indian territory laws b.) Jim Crow Laws c.) Hamilton Bill Laws 6.) Who was president when Oklahoma became a state? a.) Theodore Roosevelt b.) Franklin Roosevelt c.) Thomas Jefferson 7.) What date did Oklahoma become a state? a.) December 16, 1907 b.) November 16, 1907 c.) September 16, 1907 8.) What was prohibition? a.) Prohibiting and segregating African Americans from the white community b.) Prohibiting and segregating Native Americans from the white community c.) The banning of the transport, sale, consumption or distribution of alcohol 9.) Oklahoma was the ________ state to join the Union? a.) the 46th b.) the 50th c.) the 52nd 10.) What does the statue in front of the Territorial Museum represent? a.) The union between the two territories b.) The military defeat of the Indian Territory c.) The success of the land rushes in Oklahoma territory Chapter 16 Section 1
1.) Name the two territories that were being combined to form the State of Oklahoma? _______________________________ 2.) Who was elected president of the Oklahoma Constitutional Convention and why? 3.) Name two goals of E.P McCabe? 4.) Describe Oklahoma Enabling Act? 5.) Describe the Jim Crow Laws. 6.) E.P. McCabe became the founder of what city? 7.) What date did Oklahoma become a state? 8.) What was prohibition? 9.) Describe Oklahoma’s admission as a state in accordance with the Jim Crow Laws. 10.) What is the statue in front of the Territorial Museum a representation of? Chapter 16 Section 1
