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BBACPAX Study: Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interaction at Bodega Bay, CA

Explore the intricate interaction between aerosols, clouds, and precipitation at Bodega Bay through the BBACPAX study conducted from February 12, 2014, to March 9, 2014. The study covers topics such as major cyclones, meteorological overviews, aerosol analysis, local pollution effects, ice nuclei chemistry, and more. Discover the influences of Asian dust entrainment, precipitation residues, and the impact of local pollution on coastal clouds. The study utilizes advanced techniques and instruments like CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS to unravel the complexities of atmospheric processes. Dive into the findings and implications of this comprehensive study.

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BBACPAX Study: Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interaction at Bodega Bay, CA

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  1. Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interaction at Bodega Bay, CA BBACPAX: The Bodega Bay Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation in Atmospheric rivers eXperiment February 12, 2014 – March 9, 2014 The Prather Mobile Laboratory UCSD

  2. Outline • Major Occluded Cyclone with entrained Asian Dust • Overview of meteorology: Feb 26, 2014 to Feb 28, 2014 • Ambient aerosol conditions during storm • Chemical analysis of precipitation residues • Influence of Local Pollution on Coastal Clouds: Petaluma Gap Flow • Flow regime, Analysis from WRF/CHEM • Aerosol sizes, CCN, S-Band at CZC • A New Technique for In-line Characterization of Ice Nuclei Chemistry: CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS • Theory of measurement • Observation of a shift in source airmass: clean marine to dust IN

  3. Major Occluded Cyclone with Entrained Asian Dust • System Occluded over Central Pacific, entraining Asian dust • Instability in the polar jet caused 2 incipient short waves: 2 surface lows (Feb 26, Feb 28) • Feb 26 system advected leftover moist tongue from a stalled AR • AR conditions at BML during both rounds • Global aerosol models predicted elevated dust over CA during round 1, much less dust during round 2. • Precip totals at BML • Feb 26: 2.00 in • Feb 28: 0.95 in MODIS True Color and AOT 02/24/14 @ 20 UTC

  4. Ambient Aerosols During Storm(s) • ATOFMS LVN (250 nm < Da < 3000 nm) continuously sampled aerosol particles in ambient air before during and after Feb 26 and Feb 28 rain events.

  5. Long-Range Transport NE-Pac on 02/25: Event 1 NE-Pac on 02/26: Event 2 Back Trajectories which arrive at cloud echo top during rain more likely passed through a region of mixed-dust and clouds. Back Trajectories which arrive at cloud echo top during rain came from very low levels in a clean quiescent region.

  6. Chemical Analysis of Precipitation Residues 2/26/2014 Na Al K Fe Ti Li TiO Pb 2/28/2014 Fe Ca K 2/28/2014 Na Al Ca2O (CaO)2 Li

  7. Influence of Local Pollution on Coastal Clouds • Prior to the start of rainfall and during the early stages of the storm on Feb 26, “Petaluma Gap Flow” (PGF) significantly affected air quality at BML. • While Gap Flow was active, CCN # conc. Spiked, coincident with the heaviest BB rain at CZC. • High-res (3 km) WRF-Tracer simulation identified PGF regime, and suggests that particles from CV, SF-Bay may reach CZC CZC BBY Surface Observations from Meso-West 02/26/2014 @ 10 am PST

  8. Upslope IWV (and CCN) to Rainy Coastal Range? 02/26/2014 (UTC) Observations at BBY by the UCSD-SIO Mobile Laboratory and at CZC (top) by NOAA-HMT S-Band Radar WRF-Tracer (top 2) and Observations (lower 3) of Transport and PM2.5

  9. IN Chemistry Responds to a Change in Airmass Source • On March 6, 2014 Offshore winds shifted from a westerly near-surface local marine transport regime to a subsiding northwesterly regime. • MODIS and GEOS-5 suggested that the northwesterly source region would be dust laden. MODIS True-color and AOT near 0000 UTC 03/06 • Integrated CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS samples observations were performed before and after the estimated time of airmass change (1700 UTC) • This methodology should allow ATOFMS (LVN) to isolate IN chemistry APS size distribution during 03/06/2014

  10. CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS Theory of Operation Ti+ Ambient before CFDC after Ambient after CFDC before • Select ions which are indicative of dust were enhanced in the activated IN, but not in ambient particles. Al+ CN- Ambient before CFDC after Ambient before CFDC after Ambient after CFDC before Ambient after CFDC before

  11. Conclusions • Review: • A confluence of complex mid-latitude dynamics, tropical wv and Asian dust created a unique set of storms 02/26 – 02/28 2014 • Although parcels experienced similar transport, rain at BBY from 02/26 contained more dust-like ions than rain from 02/28. Occlusion important? • PGF made the air at BBY “dirtiest” during heavy rain. • WRF, supported by obs. Suggest that CCN could be transported to CZC during PGF. • A new integrated instrument, CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS successfully observed a change in IN chemistry which resulted from a change in airmass. • Future Directions: • Examine more closely the relationship between North Pac Tropical-Extratropical dynamics and dust transport (C. Pac Occluded storms are common). • Further connect PGF, CCN and CZC. S-Band radar? What about other sites with potential anthropogenic influence? Climatology of these events? • Continue to deploy CFDC-pCVI-ATOFMS, particularly in-flight.

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