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Chapter 1.4

Chapter 1.4. Units of Measurement. Metric System. Units for scientific measurements Developed in France in 18 th century Unlike English system. SI Units. 1960 international agreement Preferred metric units 7 base units. Prefixes. Decimal fractions Multiples of various units

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Chapter 1.4

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  1. Chapter 1.4 Units of Measurement

  2. Metric System • Units for scientific measurements • Developed in France in 18th century • Unlike English system

  3. SI Units • 1960 international agreement • Preferred metric units • 7 base units

  4. Prefixes • Decimal fractions • Multiples of various units • Ex: milli-

  5. Prefixes of the Metric System

  6. Length and Mass • Length SI Unit  meter (m) • 1 meter = 1.0936133 yd • Mass SI Unit  kilogram (kg) • 1 kg = 2.2 lbs • Unusual use of prefix

  7. Temperature • Hotness/coldness • Direction of heat flow • Celsius and Kelvin

  8. Celsius Scale • Everyday scale in most countries • Used often in scientific studies 0 C= Freezing point of water 100 C= Boiling point of water at sea level

  9. Fahrenheit to Celsius F = (9/5) (C) + 32 C = (5/9) (F - 32)

  10. Kelvin Scale • SI temperature scale • Based on the properties of gases • Zero is the lowest obtainable temperature • Absolute Zero 0 K = -273.15 C

  11. Kelvin to Celsius K = C + 273.15

  12. Derived SI Units • Formulated from base SI Units • Example: speed has SI unit of m/s

  13. Volume • Derived SI Unit • Cubic meters (m3) • Cubic centimeters (cm3) used in chemistry • cc • 1 milliliter = 1 cubic centimeter • 1 mL = 1 cm3

  14. Density Density = Mass/Volume • Derived SI Unit • g/cm3 • g/mL • Always specify temperature when reporting density!! If no specification, assume 25C

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