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Sonnets

Sonnets. What is a Sonnet?. A formal, structured poem It traditionally focuses on the theme of love Has appeared in many variations throughout history. Structure. 14 Lines Uses Iambic Pentameter Unstressed / Stressed Syllables (duh-Nuh) 5 Feet per line

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Sonnets

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  1. Sonnets

  2. What is a Sonnet? • A formal, structured poem • It traditionally focuses on the theme of love • Has appeared in many variations throughout history.

  3. Structure • 14 Lines • Uses Iambic Pentameter • Unstressed / Stressed Syllables (duh-Nuh) • 5 Feet per line • ie. “Shall I compare thee to a summer day” • ie. “That junkyard fell down the side of the hill”

  4. Italian / Petrarchan History • Developed in the 14th century by Petrarch, an Italian poet • The Octave (8 lines) describe a subject or introduces a problem • The Sestet (6 lines) comments on or resolves the problem

  5. Italian / Petrarchan Form • Octave (first 8 lines) Rhyme Scheme: abba abba • Sestet (remaining 6 lines) Rhyme Scheme(s): • cdcdcd • cddc dc • cde cde • cdeced • cdcedc

  6. “The World is too much With Us; Late and Soon” by Wordsworth (1806) The world is too much with us; late and soon, Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers: Little we see in Nature that is ours; We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon! The Sea that bares her bosom to the moon; The winds that will be howling at all hours, And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers; For this, for everything, we are out of tune; It moves us not.--Great God! I'd rather be A Pagan suckled in a creed outworn; So might I, standing on this pleasant lea, Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn; Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea; Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn.

  7. Shakespearian or Elizabethan Sonnet History • in 1609 Shakespeare published a collection of 154 poems about life, love, etc. • Famous poems include “The Dark Lady,” which is famous for its ambiguity. Was she a black woman, a brunette, a prostitute? • Some sonnets are addressed to a male “beloved” -- Controversial and unclear if they were commissioned by a woman or a man sending them to a man. • Some sonnets may have addressed Elizabeth I (the Virgin Queen) who was often described as a male figure because of her strength and the fact that she didn’t marry.

  8. Shakespearian or Elizabethan Sonnet Form • 14 lines of iambic pentameter • 3 quatrains (4 line stanzas) that provide examples of a theme or metaphorical statements • Quatrain’s rhyme scheme is abab • A rhyming couplet concludes the discussion of the topic

  9. “Sonnet 127” by Shakespeare   In the old age black was not counted fair,   Or if it were it bore not beauty's name:   But now is black beauty's successive heir,   And beauty slandered with a bastard shame,   For since each hand hath put on nature's power,    Fairing the foul with art's false borrowed face,   Sweet beauty hath no name no holy bower,   But is profaned, if not lives in disgrace.   Therefore my mistress' eyes are raven black,   Her eyes so suited, and they mourners seem,   At such who not born fair no beauty lack,   Slandering creation with a false esteem,     Yet so they mourn becoming of their woe,     That every tongue says beauty should look so.

  10. Other Forms of Sonnets • Spenserian - Mixes Shakespearian and Petrarchan • Milton - Usually Italian in form but discusses morality and politics • Avant Garde - The only form requirement is 14 lines of poetry • Curtal Sonnet • Popularized by Hopkins, who wrote several love sonnets devoted to God • 10 lines of iambic pentameter followed by one line of 5 syllables • Intricate rhyme scheme (abc abc dbcdc)

  11. “Pied Beauty” by Hopkins (1884-1889)     Glory be to God for dappled things—         For skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow;             For rose-moles all in stipple upon trout that swim;     Fresh-firecoal chestnut-falls; finches' wings;         Landscape plotted and pieced—fold, fallow, and plough;             And áll trades, their gear and tackle and trim.     All things counter, original, spáre, strange;         Whatever is fickle, frecklèd (who knows how?)             With swíft, slów; sweet, sóur; adázzle, dím;     He fathers-forth whose beauty is pást change:                        Práise hím.

  12. Sonnet Identification & Analysis Activity • Spenserian - Mixes Shakespearian and Petrarchan • Milton - Usually Italian in form but discusses morality and politics • Avant Garde - The only form requirement is 14 lines of poetry • Curtal Sonnet • Popularized by Hopkins, who wrote several love sonnets devoted to God • 10 lines of iambic pentameter followed by one line of 5 syllables • Intricate rhyme scheme (abc abc dbcdc)

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