1 / 18

Industrialism & Social Theory

Industrialism & Social Theory. Marx. Smith. Ideas, Problems & Solutions. Malthus. Ricardo. Owen. Bentham. 19 th c. Industrial Society Develops. GB Textiles + other consumer products + Machines + Global instability + British Navy dominance = GB dominates

cathyl
Download Presentation

Industrialism & Social Theory

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Industrialism & Social Theory Marx Smith Ideas, Problems & Solutions Malthus Ricardo Owen Bentham

  2. 19th c. Industrial Society Develops GB Textiles + other consumer products + Machines + Global instability + British Navy dominance = GB dominates Continental Europe grows slowly Belgium, France & German states Population boom + Urban Migration = Blight Enclosure = Large landowners benefit Technology = RR + machines Δ life!

  3. 19th c. Changes in Work Expanding workforce, also “working poor” Wage Labor= Owners own & direct production for maximum profit Proletarianization = work becomes impersonal & dehumanized Luddite rebellion in GB Standardization of products = ↓ cost + consistency of quality Gender separation + Child Labor + ↓ Family Men skilled / Women unskilled / domestic

  4. 19th c. Marriage Young women work: Earn $, meet men, less supervision,  illegitimate births Marriage Roles = Man as Provider & Women as Homemaker (traditional) Separate gender-based “spheres” Manage home affairs, side work, raise kids Reflection on man’s worth and ability as “provider” If Wife can stay home = ?? If wife HAS to work = ?? Concept of “beauty” = skinny vs plump??

  5. 19th c. Social Problems Crime  >> professional police (“cop”) Desire for ORDER & STABILTY Prison System: HARSH Men, women, kids housed together Horrible conditions, care by outsiders Hulks = prison ships to “transport” GB to Australia / France to Devil’s Island to penal colony = remove from society Reform movements: Rehab flaws focus Auburn, Philadelphia & Pentonville system = cell, silence & reflection

  6. What Social Theories Develop in Response to Industrialism’ s Problems?

  7. Classical Economics • Adam Smith…Wealth of Nations • Capitalism = private property & control of “means of production” • Economic growth via free enterprise • Individualism • The “marketplace” should dictate • Laissez-faire = government “hands off” • Government’s duty? • Sound currency… Low taxes & tariffs • Protect property

  8. Market Forces: Supply & Demand

  9. Classical Economics • Thomas Malthus… Principle of Population • Population ↑ faster than food supply • Famine, war + disease keep population in check • Poor should have less children

  10. Classical Economics • David Ricardo • Principles of Political Economy • Advocated currency backed by precious metal • Advocated free competition • Labor determines value of product / service • Comparative Advantage: Specialization • Iron Law of Wages • Wages determined by supply-demand of labor • ↑↑ wages > more kids > more workers > ↓↓wages • Wages naturally drift to minimum level

  11. Government Policy • GB & F & others follow ‘classical’ economic models in early 1800s… a Liberal idea • G states create “Zollverein” • Free trade w/in German speaking area (No Aus) • GB + Jeremy Bentham • Utilitarianism = Greatest good for greatest number • 1833 Slavery abolished – W. Wilburforce • 1834 Poor Law • Poverty relief via Workhouses… stigma? • 1846 repeal Corn Laws… remove tariffs

  12. Reforming Industrial Society • Utopian Socialism • Creating ideal / model community • Henri Saint-Simon (F) • Management by experts, not private individuals • Robert Owen (GB) • Environmental psychology • Provide the best … living + working conditions, education… • New Lanark (GB) & New Harmony (USA)… results? • Charles Fourier (F) • Phalanx community…freedom… change tasks often • Louis Blanc (F) • State controlled economy + working class suffrage

  13. Reforming Industrial Society… Radical Ideas • Anarchism… • AugusteBlanqui • Rejection of capitalism & government • Revolution! • Pierre-Joseph Proudhon • Anti-banking >> Credit for all • Mutualism... Community over the Individual • Community co-ops

  14. Reforming Industrial Society… Radical Ideas • Marxism >> Communism • Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels (G) • Communist Manifesto • Class struggle… • Proletariat vs. Bourgeoisie • Workers Should Control of Means of Production • Revolution of Proletariat >> • Dictatorship of Proletariat >> • Communist Society • No government, no social classes, no “establishment”

  15. 1848: A Revolutionary Year • Identify the locations of key revolts aka “Hot Spots” of 1848 • Create “Thought Bubble” for each • Bullet point significant info for each area such as leader, goal, vocabulary, documents, outcome • Summarize the causes and effects of the Revolutions of 1848 across Europe

  16. Create this Bubble Map

  17. Add significant details & Prepare to Write

  18. FRQ QUICK “1848 is considered to be a ‘revolutionary’ year” Evaluate the validity of the above statement. Cite (3) revolutionary occurrences of 1848 as evidence.

More Related