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Division of Juvenile Corrections WI Dept of Corrections

Silvia Jackson, Assistant Administrator July 10, 2008 Legislative Council Special Committee on High-Risk Juvenile Offenders. Division of Juvenile Corrections WI Dept of Corrections. Overview of the Division of Juvenile Corrections (DJC). DJC Institutions and Community Programs

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Division of Juvenile Corrections WI Dept of Corrections

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  1. Silvia Jackson, Assistant Administrator July 10, 2008 Legislative Council Special Committee on High-Risk Juvenile Offenders Division of Juvenile CorrectionsWI Dept of Corrections

  2. Overview of the Division of Juvenile Corrections (DJC) • DJC Institutions and Community Programs • Staffing and Budget Information • Commitment Data for Calendar Year 2007 • Program Participation and Outcome Data • Serious Juvenile Offender Disposition and Data – Shelley Hagan

  3. Introduction to DJC • Since 1996, DJC has been a division of the state Department of Corrections. • Other DOC divisions are Adult Institutions, Community Corrections and Management Services. • Administrative offices are in Madison, but the vast majority of staff are located at the institutions and field offices we operate.

  4. Juvenile Correctional Facilities • Total SFY 08 ADP: 586 • Five juvenile correctional facilities: • Ethan Allen School, Wales (276 ADP) • Lincoln Hills School, Irma (222 ADP) • Southern Oaks Girls School, Union Grove (54 ADP) • SPRITE, Oregon (5.1 ADP) • Mendota Juvenile Treatment Center, Madison (operated by DHS) (29 ADP)

  5. Community Supervision • Post-release supervision: SFY08 ADP of 242 • Aftercare (juvenile parole) • May be provided by state or county. • Currently DJC provides aftercare in 22 counties • Corrective Sanctions • Intensive program of services and surveillance using electronic monitoring • 26 Counties participated in CY 2007 • $2.4 million Funding available to offset costs to participating counties • Serious Juvenile Offender • By law, must be provided by state • Need capacity to provide in 72 counties • Interstate Compact on Juveniles

  6. Division Employees

  7. Cost Saving Measures • As youth population has declined, so has the number of DJC staff • Closed housing units at EAS, LHS, SOGS and MJTC. • YLTC Facility Closed • Between SFY 2000 and SFY 2006, DJC eliminated 37% of its staff positions, or 357 FTE, going from 969 FTE to 612. • During the same time, youth ADP dropped 36%, from 933 in SFY 2000 to 594 in SFY 2006.

  8. Cost of Salary and Benefits • In SFY 2007, salary and fringe benefits cost DJC $47.4 million • 81% of $58.5 million operating budget • Staff-related costs are affected by many factors, including: • negotiated pay plan increases • state health insurance contracts • retirement contributions • Current fringe benefit costs are roughly 50% of salaries • Up from 38% of salaries in SFY 2001

  9. Institution Programs • Case management • Assessment of Youth Risks, Needs and Strengths • Individualized case plan with broad goals to be accomplished • Monitoring Youth Progress • Transitional Services for Reentry • Community Supervision Plan • Balance youth accountability, services and supervision • Involve families in case management and transition phase

  10. Education • Academic: including elementary, middle and high school • Vocational Programming: welding, small engines, food service, desk top publishing, etc. • Special education: Individualized Education Plans • School is year-round • Coursework is individualized • LifeWork Education links learning and work • Youth may begin HSED testing in JCI when they are 17 • Education and training continues in community

  11. Treatment Programs • Strive to meet a broad range of youth treatment needs, using research-based strategies when available. Major programs include: • Cognitive Intervention • Sex Offender Treatment • Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Programs • Aggression Replacement Therapy • Mental Health Counseling • Gender-Specific Services • Restorative Justice

  12. Cognitive Intervention • Juvenile Cognitive Intervention Program (JCIP) is is a research-based cognitive restructuring and skill building program designed to help youth change their anti-social thinking and criminal behavior. • Phase I, Choices, looks at thinking cycles and helps youth identify how they think and how their thinking has led them to criminal behavior. • Phase II, Changes, teaches youth a five-step problem solving process that will help them develop pro-social behaviors. • Phase III, Challenges, is designed as a series of self-paced lessons for youth in the community

  13. AODA • Youth with alcohol and other drug abuse dependency make up a significant proportion of the JCI population • Upon entering a JCI, 452 youth were screened for possible AODA in CY 2007 • Of these, 256 youth, or 56.6%, received a DSM diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence when assessed • In 2001, the comparable figure was 37% to 40% • 16 week AODA Program focusing on areas of  Addiction/Abuse  Cognitive Behavior Changes Family Dynamics  Relapse prevention for Healthy Living

  14. Juvenile Sex Offenders • Comprehensive Assessment at Reception • Research Based Sex Offender Treatment Program • 2 Components: ETS-J and CORE • ETS-J : Cognitive behavioral restructuring • CORE : Sexual offending behaviors • Ongoing risk and needs assessments • Reentry and Community Supervision • Corrective Sanctions Program: Electronic monitoring • Ongoing sex offender treatment • OJJDP - High Risk Juvenile Sex Offender Reentry Grant

  15. Restorative Justice • Principles of holding youth accountable and giving back to the community underlie numerous DJC programs • Community service • Victim awareness • Restitution

  16. Health Services • The JCI health services unit (HSU) provide comprehensive dental and health services. • Youth admitted to a JCI have many health problems as compared with their non-incarcerated peers. • Unstable access to health care • Harmful behaviors • Poor self-care

  17. Health Services (continued) • Nurses provide daily health care for JCI youth. • Initial admission screening and exam, physical assessments • Emergency care • Management of prescription medication and chronic conditions • Screening for sexually transmitted diseases • Immunization clinics • Health education • On-site medical and psychiatric services are provided by agreements with local physicians. • Local hospitals are utilized for emergency services.

  18. Juvenile Corrections Funding • DJC Rate Study (March 2007) • DJC’s operating budget is primarily Program Revenue • Counties receive funding through Youth Aids for delinquency-related services • DOC charges counties Youth Aids allocations for juvenile correctional services • Remaining Youth Aids can be used for local services

  19. Juvenile Corrections Funding • Youth Aids designed to • Minimize incentive for institution placement • Develop community-based alternatives and continuum of care • Youth Aids increases to help counties meet rising costs • Serious Juvenile Offender services paid directly by state

  20. Daily Rates • Daily rates for each type of service = projected annual costs divided by the estimated average daily youth population during the same time period. • SFY 09 daily rates: • JCI services -- $268.00, up from $259.00 per day last year. • RCC services -- $296.00, up from $277.00 in SFY 08

  21. Daily Rate Comparison

  22. Commitments to Juvenile Corrections

  23. Juvenile Commitment Data • “Commitment” is defined as • a new admission of a youth to a JCI based on a delinquency court order, or • a new adjudication and correctional order for a youth in a JCI • Data on commitments by demographic factors and county are in the next slides

  24. Juvenile Commitment Comparisons * Data presented is by calendar year

  25. 2007 Commitments by Type • 2007 Total Commitments = 558 • Juvenile = 498 or 89% • SJOA = 0 or 0% • SJOB = 55 or 10% • Tribal = 1 or 0.3% • Federal = 4 or 0.7%

  26. 2007 Commitments by Gender • Male Commitments = 490 or 88% • Female Commitments = 68 or 12%

  27. 2007 Commitments by Race Black = 334 or 59.8% Asian = 7 or 1.3% White = 191 or 34.2% Unknown = 2 or 0.3% North American Indian = 24 or 4.3%

  28. 2007 Commitments by Age 11 = 0 12 = 3 or 0.5% 13 = 19 or 3.4% 14 = 79 or 14.2% 15 = 146 or 26.2% 16 = 228 or 40.8% 17 = 82 or 14.7% 18 = 1 or 0.2%

  29. Top 10 Counties by Commitment Totals • Milwaukee – 276 or 49.5% • Racine – 38 or 6.8% • Kenosha – 37 or 6.6% • Dane – 37 or 6.6% • Rock – 17 or 3.0% • Winnebago – 14 or 2.5% • Fond du Lac – 12 or 2.2% • Brown – 10 or 1.8% • Outagamie – 10 or 1.8% • Marathon – 9 or 1.6%

  30. Most Frequent Committing Offense of Youth in JCIs – CY 2007

  31. Program Participation and Outcomes

  32. Education Outcomes – SFY 2007

  33. Education Outcomes – SFY 2007

  34. JCIP Completions - Calendar Year 2007

  35. JCIP Outcome Data • DJC uses a validated measurement tool called the “HIT”, which stands for How I Think. • The HIT measures cognitive distortions and anti-social behavior such as lying, blaming others, stealing and physical aggression. • Youth complete the HIT before and after participation in JCIP. • Our last analysis of a sample of 165 youth showed a significant improvement or reduction in distortions and criminal thinking.

  36. DJC Recidivism Definition • Recidivism is defined as either: • Placement in a Wisconsin JCI as a consequence for a new delinquency adjudication after being released from a JCI; or • Placement in a Wisconsin prison for either a new criminal offense or an adult probation rule violation, after being released from a JCI • Time period reviewed is up to 2 years following release from a JCI • The definition DOES NOT include youth arrested and placed on county supervision, on probation or in jail; or youth returned to a JCI for rule violations only

  37. DJC Recidivism Data

  38. Serious Juvenile Offender Program

  39. What is the SJOP? • A longer-term disposition in Ch. 938 for youth adjudicated delinquent for committing certain serious offenses. • Length of disposition [s. 938.355 (4) (b)]: • To age 25 if adjudicated for an offense punishable as a Class A felony. • Five years if adjudicated for offense punishable as a Class B or C (or other) felony

  40. Why Was SJOP Created? • Replace the never-implemented Youthful Offender Program and facility. • Remove from counties the fiscal responsibility for very serious young offenders, while still keeping appropriate youth in the juvenile system. • Promote the “balanced approach” by giving juvenile court a stricter option to hold youth accountable and protect public safety. • Provide an alternative to waiver to adult court.

  41. SJOP Components • Type 1 facility components • Minimum confinement in a Type 1 juvenile facility of 1 year for Class A felony-type offenses. [s. 938.538 (3) (a) 1m.] • Maximum confinement in Type 1 juvenile facility of 3 years for other offenses. [s. 938.538 (3) (a) 1.] • Limitation is problematic for effective supervision of a small number of SJO youth.

  42. SJOP Components • Type 2 facility components • All community components are defined as Type 2 secured correctional facility, i.e. institution without walls. [s. 938.538 (4)] • Community components are defined in statute as including • Alternate care • Field supervision, both CSP and aftercare • Electronic monitoring • AODA outpatient services • Mental health treatment and services • Community service, restitution • Transitional services for education and employment • Other programs per DOC

  43. Transfer and Discharge • Aftercare -- The Office of Juvenile Offender Review may release a person to aftercare after two years of SJO participation. The person remains an SJO participant. • Discharge -- DOC may discharge a participant from the SJO program and from DOC supervision any time after three years of participation. [s. 938.538 (5)]

  44. SJOP Eligibility • Age • Age 14 – any eligible offense • Age 10 – committing or attempting first-degree intentional homicide or committing second-degree intentional or first-degree reckless homicide. • Open to interpretation: • Age at time of disposition or time of offense

  45. SJOP Eligibility • Offense • Listed felony-type offenses in statute • Of SJO youth in JCIs today, about 60% are there for armed robbery or burglary, a third for sex offenses and 10% for homicide offenses. • Several categories of Class B and C felony-type offenses are not eligible for SJO, such as drug crimes, 2nd degree sex assault and homicide by intoxicated use of a firearm or vehicle.

  46. SJOP Eligibility • Limited appropriate alternatives • Standard corrections order is the court’s only other option • Wisconsin offense • Offenses in other states not included in SJO eligibility definition • Original dispositional order • Includes stayed order

  47. 2007 SJO-B Commitments by Gender • Male = 52 or 94.5% • Female = 3 or 5.5%

  48. 2007 SJO-B Commitments by Race • Unknown = 1 or 1.8% • Asian = 0 • White = 18 or 32.7% • North American Indian = 1 or 1.8% • Black = 35 or 63.6%

  49. 2007 SJO-B Commitments by County Counties with more than one commitment  Dane – 2  Milwaukee – 27  Kenosha – 4  Racine – 5  Washburn – 2  Sauk – 2

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