Chemistry : Matter and Change

1. Chemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 6 The Periodic Table and Periodic Law George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

2. Chemistry: Matter and Change Section 6.1 Development of the Modern Periodic Table George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

3. Chemistry: Matter and Change Objectives Trace the development of the periodic table. Identify key features of the periodic table. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

4. Chemistry: Matter and Change Review Vocabulary atomic number: the number of protons in an atom George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

5. Chemistry: Matter and Change New Vocabulary periodic lawtransition metal groupinner transition metal periodlanthanide series representative elementsactinide series transition elementsnonmetals metalhalogen alkali metalsnoble gas alkaline earth metalsmetalloid George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

6. Chemistry: Matter and Change The periodic table evolved over time as scientists discovered more useful ways to compare and organize the elements. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

7. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change In the 1700s, Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794) compiled a list of all the known elements of the time. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D. *no English name

8. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change The 1800s brought large amounts of information and scientists needed a way to organize knowledge about elements. John Newlands (1837-1898) proposed an arrangement where elements were ordered by increasing atomic mass. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

9. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Newlands noticed when the elements were arranged by increasing atomic mass, their properties repeated every eighth element, George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

10. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Lothar Meyer (1830-1889) and Dmetri Mendeleev (1834-1907) both demonstrated a connection between atomic mass and elemental properties. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

11. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Henry Moseley (1887-1915) rearranged the table by increasing atomic number, and resulted in a clear periodic pattern. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

12. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

13. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number is called periodic law. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

14. Development of the Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change

15. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change The modern periodic table contains boxes which contain, at least, the element’s name, symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass. Oxygen 8 O 15.9994 Element name State of matter Average atomic mass Atomic number Symbol George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

16. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Columns of elements are called groups. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

17. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Rows of elements are called periods. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

18. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Elements in groups 1,2, and 13-18 possess a wide variety of chemical & physical properties and are called the representative elementsormain group elements. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

19. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Elements in groups 3-12 are known as the transition elements (metals). George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

20. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Elements are classified as metals, non-metals, and metalloids (or semi-metals). Metals are elements that are generally shiny when smooth and clean, solid at room temperature, and good conductors of heat and electricity. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

21. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Alkali metals are all the elements in group 1, except hydrogen, and are very reactive. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

22. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Alkaline earth metals are in group 2 and are also highly reactive. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

23. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change The transition elements are divided into the transition metals and inner transition metals. The two sets of inner transition metals are called the lanthanide series and actinide series and are located at the bottom of the periodic table. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

24. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Non-metals are elements that are generally gases or brittle, dull-looking solids, and poor conductors of heat and electricity. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

25. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Group 17 is composed of highly reactive elements called the halogens. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

26. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Group 18 gases are extremely unreactive and commonly called noble gases. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

27. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change Metalloids or semi-metals have physical and chemicals properties of both metals and non-metals, such as silicon and germanium. George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

28. The Modern Periodic Table Chemistry: Matter and Change George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

29. Chemistry: Matter and Change Assessment What is a row of elements on the periodic table called? • octave • period • group • transition George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

30. Chemistry: Matter and Change Assessment What is a row of elements on the periodic table called? • octave • period • group • transition George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

31. Chemistry: Matter and Change Assessment Silicon is an example of what classification of elements? • metal • non-metal • inner transition metal • metalloid George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

32. Chemistry: Matter and Change Assessment Silicon is an example of what classification of elements? • metal • non-metal • inner transition metal • metalloid George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.

33. Chemistry: Matter and Change George M. McKelvy, Ph.D.