1. CATALYTIC CONVERTER BASICSDESCRIPTION & OPERATION The catalytic converter is a passive after-treatment device designed to reduce engine-out emission levels to meet an acceptable standard. Together with the Oxygen Sensors and other Engine Management components, this Emissions System works to reduce harmful emissions at the tail pipe.

2. The catalytic converter contains two or more ceramic substrates, coated with a combination of Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium and a Ceria based wash coat, packed into a stainless steel housing. When placed in the right environment of heat (400°C) and proper air/fuel mixture the catalyst forces a chemical reaction reducing toxic gasses to less harmful ones.

3. Regulated parties shall install new or used aftermarket catalytic converters on motor vehicles only if the converters are represented in writing by the distributor or manufacturer to have been tested according to the procedures in the Federal Register / Volume 51, No. 150 / Tuesday, August 5, 1986, and to have met the performance criteria specified.

4. CONVERTER EFFICIENCY • There were many changes that took place with the implementation of OBD II but the change having the greatest affect on diagnostics was the Readiness Monitors. • During operation, the on-board computer (PCM), continually tests itself and all emission components reporting to it.

5. This monitoring process assures each component or system is operating within a pre-programmed set of parameters. • The Catalyst Monitor utilizes pre and post converter oxygen sensors to continually check the oxygen storage capacity of the converter. • During normal operation, the pre-cat O2 or Sensor 1 should display a rapidly changing voltage signal ranging from approximately 0V to 1V. The post-cat O2 will be flat line displaying little or no variation in it’s signal.

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