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Standards

Standards. SSUSH16 The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WW I. Element: SSUSH16.a Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction. Element: SSUSH16.c

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Standards

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  1. Standards • SSUSH16 • The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WW I. • Element: SSUSH16.a • Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction. • Element: SSUSH16.c • Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile. • Element: SSUSH16.d • Describe the impact of radio, and the movies. • Element: SSUSH16.e • Describe modern forms of cultural expression, including Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley.

  2. The Roaring 20sChapter 20 1919-1929 How did the United States experience both economic growth and social change in the decade after World War I?

  3. A Booming Economy b The Automobile Drives Prosperity Main Idea:A large economic boom in the 1920s was sparked largely by the automobile industry. Henry Ford’s use of mass production and assembly lines lowered car prices and increased the number of Americans who owned cars. A Bustling Economy Main Idea:The economic growth of the 1920 impacted both consumers and the stock market. Cities, Suburbs, and Country Main Idea: Cities grew in population and size and improved transportation allowed suburbs to expand, but rural areas did not share in this growth. Continued…

  4. Postwar Adjustments • Economic Adjustments • Wartime demand dropped • Soldiers faced unemployment • Lower demand • Higher cost of living • Labor Unrest increased • Discrimination against blacks

  5. A Booming EconomySection 1 • How did the booming economy of the 1920s lead to changes in American life? • Vocabulary: -Henry Ford consumer revolution -mass production installment buying -Model T bull market -assembly line buying on margin -scientific management

  6. A Consumer Economy • Buying On Credit • Age of Electricity • Ford and the Automobile • Effects on the rest of the economy • Industrial growth

  7. Auto Drives Prosperity • Henry Ford – assembly line: moving line brought car to the worker, who added parts; reduced production time for a Model T to 90 minutes • Scientific management: process of hiring experts to improve mass production techniques • Ordinary people could afford one

  8. Economic Boom of the 1920s GRAPH

  9. Changes in America • Auto industry stimulated other industries related to car manufacture (insurance, steel, glass, rubber, asphalt, wood, gasoline, road construction) • Other forms of transportation declined • Appearance of service stations, diners, motels • Sense of freedom • Suburbs

  10. Consumer Revolution • Advertising • Consumer credit – installment buying • Bull market, period of rising stock prices • Buying on margin – borrowing money to buy stocks

  11. Cities, Suburbs, and Country • People flock to cities • Suburbs grow, draining people and resources from the cities • Many Americans face hardship; farm incomes declined during the 1920s

  12. Earnings of Agricultural Employees, 1918-1928 CHART Chart: Earnings of Agricultural Employees 1918-1928

  13. New York City Skyline TRANSPARENCY Transparency : New York City Skyline

  14. Population of Selected U.S. Cities, 1910-1930 CHART Chart: Population of Selected U.S. Cities, 1910-1930

  15. Reading Skill: Identify Supporting Details NOTE TAKING

  16. PM TRANSPARENCY Progress Monitoring Transparency Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 1

  17. The Business of GovernmentSection 2 • How did domestic and foreign policy change direction under Harding and Coolidge? • Vocabulary: -Andrew Mellon Herbert Hoover -Calvin Coolidge Teapot Dome scandal -Washington Naval Disarmament Conference -Kellogg-Briand Pact -Dawes Plan

  18. The Business of Government The Harding Administration Main Idea:While in office, Harding reduced regulation of business and turned to others to make decisions, often leading to scandal. Coolidge Prosperity Main Idea:Coolidge supported big business, worked to reduce national debt, and oversaw a boom in the nation’s economy. However, he took no action against many social problems occurring at the time. America’s Role in the World Main Idea:World War I impacted American foreign policy in the 1920’s, as the government worked with other countries to collect war debts and prevent future wars.

  19. A Republican Decade • Warren G. Harding • Elected in 1920 • Scandals • Died August 3 1923 • Calvin Coolidge • Laissez Faire Capitalism • “The business of the American people is business” • Kellogg-Briand Pact • Herbert Hoover 1928

  20. Harding Administration • Andrew Mellon – Secretary of the Treasury, advanced business interests • Reduced spending from $18 billion to $3 billion • Raised tariffs, weakening world economy • Herbert Hoover – Secretary of Commerce, sought voluntary advancements between labor and business

  21. Political Scandals • Warren G. Harding • One of the worst Presidents in the history of the U.S. • Advocated anti-lynching laws • allowed Eugene Debs in the White House • Harding’s cabinet was extremely corrupt • Teapot Dome Scandal • Worst of the scandals • This 1924 cartoon shows the dimensions of the Teapot Dome scandal

  22. Political Cartoons: The Teapot Dome Scandal ANALYZE Analyze: Political Cartoons: The Teapot Dome Scandal

  23. Republican Foreign Policy • Harding • Isolationism (leads to nativism) • Disarmament – reducing the size and strength of the military • Limiting Immigration – Quota for 350,000 people per year to immigrate • Coolidge • Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 • Aristide Briand and Frank. B. Kellogg signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact (Pact of Paris). The treaty outlawed war between France and the United States. The US Senate ratified it in 1929 and over the next few years 62 nations signed a similar agreement committing themselves to peace. Unenforceable

  24. Coolidge Prosperity • Reduced the national debt • Trimmed the federal budget • Lowered taxes • Boom economy • Troubles brewing: -farmers struggled to keep land -labor unions -Discrimination

  25. Collecting War Debts • U.S. refused to join the World Court • Dawes Plan – U.S. make loans to Germany to pay reparation to Britain and France • Britain and France repay debts to U.S. • After crash of 1929, Germany stopped reparation payments, and Britain and France stopped paying the U.S. • After World War II, the U.S. would be more flexible

  26. Reading Skill: Compare and Contrast NOTE TAKING Note Taking: Reading Skill: Compare and Contrast

  27. A Booming Economy TRANSPARENCY Transparency: A Booming Economy

  28. The United States in International Affairs, 1920-1929 QUICK STUDY

  29. PM TRANSPARENCY Progress Monitoring Transparency Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 2

  30. Social and Cultural TensionsSection 3 • How did Americans differ on major social and cultural issues? • Vocabulary: -modernism Ku Klux Klan -fundamentalism Prohibition -Scopes Trial Volstead Act -18th Amendment Clarence Darrow -quota system bootlegger

  31. Social and Cultural Tensions Traditionalism and Modernism Clash Main Idea: In 1920 a noticeable divide appeared between urban and rural areas in the United States, as modern views spread in cities. Restricting Immigration Main Idea: Quota laws were passed limiting the number of immigrants who could enter the United States. The New Ku Klux Klan Main Idea: The Ku Klux Klan was revived, showing the anger some felt at the new shape America was taking. In addition to showing hatred to African Americans, it now also targeted Jews, Catholics, and immigrants. Prohibition and Crime Main Idea: Americans were divided over the Eighteenth Amendment, which made it illegal to manufacture or sell alcohol anywhere in the country, and many people continued to buy and sell alcohol. Continued…

  32. Traditionalism and Modernism • More Americans in urban areas • Urban Americans open to social change and science – modernism • Rural Americans – more traditional view of religion, science, and culture • Education • Religious fundamentalism (Bible as literal truth) • Clash over evolution

  33. High School Education, 1900-1930 CHART Chart: High School Education 1900-1930

  34. Science vs. Religion Debate • Darwin’s Origin of Species • Biblical Creation • John T. Scopes • ACLU – Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings Bryant • Arguments?

  35. Nativism • refers to a widespread attitude in a society of a rejection of alien persons or culture • Believed immigrants could not be fully loyal to the US • Did not like Jews, Catholics, or Orthodox Christians • City problems (slums,corruption) were blamed on the immigrants • Immigrants meant competition for jobs • Believed they carried dangerous political ideas • Socialism, Anarchy, etc. • Most of them came from very politically unstable countries

  36. National Origins Act • Number of immigrants of a given nationality each year could not exceed 2 percent of the number of people of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1890 • America had closed its “golden door”

  37. Rising Intolerance • Nationwide Racial Discrimination • Yellow Peril • African Americans in the North • Anti Semitic business practices • Mexicans • The New Ku Klux Klan • White, Protestant, native born, Americans • Hiram Wesley Evans – Imperial Wizard • Over 4 million member in 1924 • KKK Violence

  38. Prohibition • 18th Amendment • Volstead Act – enforced the amendment • Stills, bootleggers • Organized crime • Al Capone

  39. Political Cartoon: Prohibition TRANSPARENCY Color Transparency: Political Cartoon: Prohibition

  40. Reading Skill: Contrast NOTE TAKING Note Taking: Reading Skill: Contrast

  41. COMPARING VIEWPOINT Should a State Ban Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution? Comparing Viewpoints: Should a State Ban Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?

  42. PM TRANSPARENCY Progress Monitoring Transparency

  43. A New Mass CultureSection 4 • How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes? • Vocabulary: -Charlie Chaplin Sigmund Freud -The Jazz Singer “Lost Generation” -Babe Ruth F. Scott Fitzgerald -Charles Lindbergh Ernest Hemingway

  44. A New Mass Culture New Trends in Popular Culture Main Idea: With more free time, Americans turned to movies, radio, and the phonograph as entertainment, creating a mass popular culture for the first time. An Age of Heroes Main Idea: Newspapers and radios allowed athletes and other figures of the time to become heroes to the American public. Women Assume New Roles Main Idea: Women’s roles changed as they were given more social and political opportunities. Modernism in Art and Literature Main Idea: After World War I, writers and artists developed new styles and ideas that appeared in their works.

  45. Society in the 1920s

  46. New Trends in Popular Culture • More Leisure Time -Work week decreased • Movies -Silent films: Charlie Chaplin -”Talkies”: The Jazz Singer • Radio, phonograph

  47. Mass Media • Newspapers • Between 1920 and 1930circulation rose from 27.8 million to almost 40 million • Motion Pictures • Moviemaking became the 4th largest business in the country • 1922 40 million viewers per week, 1930, 90 million per week • Radio • NBC • Medium for the masses • United the country…Why?

  48. American Heroes • Lucky Lindy • Amelia Earhart • Jack Dempsey • Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig • Gertrude Ederle • Helen Wills

  49. Reading Skill: Summarize NOTE TAKING Note Taking: Reading Skill: Summarize

  50. Reading Skill: Summarize NOTE TAKING Note Taking: Reading Skill: Summarize

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