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Understanding Thermodynamics: Entropy, Laws, and Free Energy

Dive into the principles of thermodynamics with lessons on entropy, the laws of conservation of energy, and the spontaneity of processes. Explore how entropy increases with temperature and learn about free energy to understand the spontaneity of reactions.

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Understanding Thermodynamics: Entropy, Laws, and Free Energy

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  1. Thermodynamics Lessons 20-22 CDT Dallin Rosdahl & CDT Randy Shed

  2. Entropy • Spontaneous Change- change that occurs by itself without an ongoing input of energy outside of the system • 1st Law- Conservation of Energy • 2nd Law- all processes occur spontaneously in the direction that increases entropy • 3rd Law- a perfect crystal has zero entropy at absolute zero • Entropy- the amount of ways possible of organizing components of a system

  3. S (entropy) increases when temperature rises • S is greatest at gaseous state • Lowest at solid state • S0rxn=mS0products-nS0reactants

  4. Free Energy • G= measure of the spontaneity of a process and of the useful energy available from it • Gsys=Hsys-T*Ssys • Grxn=mGproducts-nGreactants • G= -RT lnQ/K • G<0 for spontaneous reaction • G>0 for non-spontaneous • G=0 at equilibrium

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