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low birth weight babies

low birth weight babies. DEFINITION. WHO defined LBW as one whose birth weight is less than 2500 gm irrespective of the gestational age. CLASSIFICATION. Correlating both the birth weight and gestational age LBW babies are classified into two PRETERM SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE.

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low birth weight babies

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  1. low birth weight babies

  2. DEFINITION • WHO defined LBW as one whose birth weight is less than 2500 gm irrespective of the gestational age

  3. CLASSIFICATION Correlating both the birth weight and gestational ageLBW babies are classified into two • PRETERM • SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE

  4. PRETERM BABY

  5. DEFINITION • A baby born before 37 completed weeks of gestation calculating from the first day of last menstrual period is arbitrarily defined as preterm baby

  6. ETIOLOGY • COMPLICATING HISTORY • COMPLICATIONS IN PRESENT PREGNANCY • Maternal • Pregnancy complications • Uterine anomalies • Medical and surgical illness • Genital tract infection • Fetal • Placental • IATROGENIC • IDIOPATHIC

  7. MANIFESTATIONS OF PREMATURITY…Contd • Weight is 2500 gm or less • Length less than 44 cm • Head and abdomen are relatively large • Skull bones soft • Wide suture or posterior fontanelle • HC disproportionately exceeds that of chest • Pinnae of ears are soft and flat • Eyes are kept closed • Skin is red, thin and shiny

  8. MANIFESTATIONS OF PREMATURITY • Plentiful lanugo and vernix caseosa • Muscle tone poor • Plantar creases are not visible before 34 weeks • Testicle undescended • Labia minora exposed • Tendency of herniation • Nails are not grown upto the finger tips

  9. COMPLICATIONS…Contd • Asphyxia • Hypothermia • Pulmonary syndrome • Cerebral haemorrhage • Fetal shock • Heart failure

  10. COMPLICATIONS • Oedema • Infection • Jaundice • Dehydration and acidaemia • Anaemia • Retrolental fibroplasia

  11. MANAGEMENT • PREVENTION OF PREMATURITY • MANAGEMENT OF PRETERM LABOUR • CARE OF PRETERM BABY AFTER BIRTH

  12. CARE OF PRETERM BABY AFTER BIRTH IMMEDIATE MANAGEMENT FOLLOWING BIRTH • Cord is to be clamped quickly • The cord length should be kept long • The air passage should be cleared of mucus • Adequate oxygenation • The baby should be wrapped including head in a sterile warm towel • Vitamin K 1 mg • Handle with extreme gentleness

  13. TO MAINTAIN THE BODY TEMPERATURE • Extremely thermolabile • Smaller babies are placed in the incubator or radiant warmer • Maintain temperature 36 – 37 C and humidity 50% • Babies are to be placed naked • Baby’s cot should be kept warm

  14. RESPIRATORY SUPPORT • Clear air passage • Administer oxygen

  15. TO PREVENT INFECTION • Prophylactic antibiotic • Maintain aseptic technique

  16. MAINTAIN NUTRITION • Baby weighting

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