English Language Arts 9 Unit 9: Drama

1. English Language Arts 9Unit 9: Drama Gertz-Ressler High School Alliance for College-Ready Public Schools

2. Learning Questions • What are our unit focus standards? • Which learning tasks can we choose? • When are our deadlines? • What is the art of drama? • How does drama differ from narrative? • What dramatic terms must we know?

3. Drama Unit:Lesson 1: Focus Standards

4. High Priority Focus StandardsCategories • Reading – Vocabulary, Word Analysis • Reading - Literary Response and Analysis • Writing – Research & Technology • Other Standards – See Self-Assessment Rubric before beginning the Unit Project.

5. High Priority Focus Standards Reading - Word Analysis R1.1 Literal and figurative meanings and word derivations. R1.2 Denotative and connotative meanings. R1.3 Greek, Roman, and Norse myths, word origins and meanings

6. High Priority Focus Standards Reading - Literary Analysis 3.2 Structural: Compare/contrast how themes or topics are expressed through different genres. 3.3 Narrative: Compare/contrast interactions of main and subordinate characters (internal and external conflicts, motivations, relationships, influences) and how they affect the dramatic plot. 3.4 Narrative: Determine characters’ traits expressed in dialogue, monologue, and soliloquy.

7. High Priority Focus Standards Reading - Literary Criticism 3.11 Aesthetic approach: Evaluate the artistry of style, especially how diction and figurative language (imagery and ambiguity) create tone, mood, and theme. 3.12 Historical approach: Analyze how the play expresses or responds to themes and issues of its historical period.

8. High Priority Focus Standards Writing Strategies–Research & Technology 1.5 Synthesize multiple sources, noting complexities and discrepancies. 1.13 Analyze emotional appeals and logical arguments (authority definition, analogy, circumstance, evidence, causality). 1.14 Identify the aesthetic effects (style) of media presentations, and evaluate the techniques used to create them (e.g., compare text with film)

9. Drama Unit:Lesson 2: Learning Tasks

10. Lesson 2: Which learning tasks can we choose?Drama Unit Project - Requirements • Team-read A Midsummer Night’s Dream. • Keep an individual Reading Journal. • Produce a one-act play based on Greek, Roman, or Norse myth: each student must complete two of six tasks (next page). • Write an individual reflection.

11. Lesson 2: Which learning tasks can we choose?How to create Drama Reading Journal Fold your paper vertically into three columns. The left section is for the 5-8 line reading passage you select. The middle column is for your paraphrase or summary interpretation of the passage. The right column is for your personal comments and observations on underlying meanings (symbolic) or connections with life today.

12. Citing your sources • How to cite where you find your passage: I, i, 200-201 …means Act 1, scene I, lines

13. Lesson 2: Which learning tasks can we choose?Select two or more tasks and collaborate! • Write a “treatment” summarizing the setting, characters, situation, and plot. • Design stage set, properties, or costumes. • Write the play (action, dialogue, mono-logue, soliloquy, aside, and directions). • Write a musical theme with three verses and refrain. • Direct or act in the play on video tape. • Write a circular letter promoting your play to the class.

14. Lesson 2: Which learning tasks can we choose?How to write your reflection • After your production, write an individual reflection: 1) Describe how well you worked and the team worked together, 2) Evaluate the team project, and 3) Explain what you can do to improve your work.

15. Drama Unit:Lesson 3: Deadlines

16. Lesson 3: What are our deadlines?Plan your production schedule 4/13-14 Act I-II 4/16-17 Act III 4/20-21 Act IV 4/23-24 Act V 4/27-28 Film & Comparative Chart 4/30-5/1 Comparative Essay (Assess) 5/05-06 Written Project Due 5/11-18 Project Performances, Reflections, and Unit 9 Self-Assessments due.

17. Drama Unit:Lesson 4: What is “drama” and dramatic art?

18. Lesson 4: What is “drama”?Word origins and meanings • The words theater and drama come from Greek words that were pronounced nearly the same. • A theater (noun) usually refers to a space or to the abstract idea of plays performed in that place. • Drama (noun) usually means the play itself or its intense emotional activity.

19. Lesson 4: What is “drama”?To appreciate dramatic art… Know and understand that dramatic moments in our lives and on the stage result from • human choices and decisions, and • the intensity of human emotions.

20. Lesson 4: What is “drama”?Choices and decisions • Aristotle believed that action is the core of drama, because • our actions make us happy or unhappy and • our characters cause our actions. (The Poetics)

21. Lesson 4: What is “drama”?Intense feelings Playwright and screenwriter David Mamet believes we create drama by exaggerating our emotions (Four Uses of the Knife).

22. Drama Unit: Lesson 5:How does drama differ from narrative?

23. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Real -Time Performance • Real time dialogue and action. • Action stays close to dramatic plot. • Unity of Time, Place, and Action. • Unity of Character creates credibility and meaning.

24. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Dramatic Plot Unlike narrative, drama presents action for the characters and audience simultaneously (at the same time).

25. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Dramatic Plot Dramatic action can occur in real timeand real space, simulating real cause-and-effect events. “The Three Unities”: one Place, continuous Time, and sequential Action. (Aristotle, The Poetics)

26. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Dramatic Plot And the viewer, like a child looking through a window, sees all that occurs “in the now”.

27. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Dramatic Plot Map CLIMAX (Point of highest emotion or action) RISING ACTION (Complications) FALLING ACTION (“Untying” the complications) CRISIS EXPOSITION RESOLUTION

28. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Dramatic art also employs… Unity of Character (ethos): To be meaningful and credible to the audience, a character’s motivations (goals, desires, obstacles, and fears) must be closely connected to his or her beliefs and values.

29. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Compare Types of Drama & Narrative

30. Lesson 5: How does drama differ from narrative?Contrast Drama & Narrative

31. Drama Unit: Lesson 6:What literary terms must we know?

32. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Review poetic figures of thought • Pun – a play on words that carries two meaning • Double-entendre – a pun with one meaning that is a bit scandalous or critical • Allusion – indirect reference referring to another text / event in literature, history, person, place, etc.

33. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Parts of the play • Act, scene, five-act, four-act, one-act, interlude, masque. • Dialogue, monologue, soliloquy, aside. • Setting, situation, characters, properties, costumes, lighting

34. Lesson 6: What terms must we know? Parts of the Play

35. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Parts of the Play

36. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Parts of the Play • Primary characters: protagonist/antagonist • Secondary characters: supporting role, dramatic foil, deus ex machina • Dynamic, static, flat, and round characters.

37. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Kinds of Characters

38. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Types of characters Dynamic (changing or growing in action) Static (unchanging through action) Round (with multiple traits, virtues, vices) Flat (with a single trait, virtue, vice)

39. Lesson 6: What terms must we know?Dramatic Outcomes / Resolutions

40. Get started, and enjoy! Remember, “The play’s the thing!” -- William Shakespeare “…The play's the thingWherein I'll catch the conscience of the King.” Hamlet II, 2, 603-605