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Missing the Roar

Missing the Roar. Aboriginal Nations. While others were enjoying new found prosperity (getting wealthier), some groups were not benefiting Ex. Aboriginal people Aboriginals had volunteered for the war more than any other part of the Canadian population.

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Missing the Roar

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  1. Missing the Roar

  2. Aboriginal Nations • While others were enjoying new found prosperity (getting wealthier), some groups were not benefiting Ex. Aboriginal people • Aboriginals had volunteered for the war more than any other part of the Canadian population. • This did nothing to improve their rights back home. Francis Pegahmagabow

  3. Aboriginal Nations • Still not “persons” under the law. • Couldn’t vote in provincial elections ‘til 1949. • Couldn’t vote in Federal (nation-wide) elections ‘til 1960. • Faced poverty, discrimination, and the horrors of residential school experience.

  4. Residential School Experience • Students were traumatized by being separated from their parents, the foreign surroundings and sometimes abuse • Residential schools were run by churches and were part of the governments assimilation plan • Some students adapted and thrived • Very detrimental to FN culture

  5. The Doorway to “civilization”

  6. Aboriginal Nations • Challenged gov’t on 3 issues in the 20s. • Potlatch ceremony. • Cut-off lands • Aboriginal title

  7. 1. Potlatch • Potlatch had been banned since 1884, but was more strongly enforced after WWI • Was seen as a barrier to assimilation (See p. 70) • The potlatch was very important to FN culture; it redistributed wealth, recorded history through oral histories and was the main structure of government

  8. 2.Aboriginal Title/ Land Claims • Aboriginal title – means ownership of the land. • In BC there had been few land treaties where land had been signed away - Vancouver Island and part of Northeastern BC • Allied Tribes of BC petitioned the government to start treaty negotiations arguing the government had taken their land without consent • Govt amended the Indian Act forbidding the raising of money to pursue land claims

  9. 3. Cut-off Lands • First Nations had been forced onto reserves through the Indian Act • However, government had been taking this land back = cut-off lands • This was challenged, so the government amended the Indian Act.

  10. African Canadians • African American immigration had always been ‘discouraged’. • Faced discrimination. • Ex. Nova Scotia School Act of 1918 had separate schools for Blacks and Europeans. Policy didn’t change ‘til 1954. • Ex. Montreal Theatres were segregated. • Some tolerance Ex. Brotherhood of Railway workers allowed black members – 1st union to do so

  11. Immigrants • Gov’t adopted immigration restrictions – intolerance from WWI - Russians and Eastern Europeans >Socialist revolutionaries • Unions supported the restrictions because they were unfair competition • But some didn’t want restrictions – farmers, railway owners = could pay them low wages. • Restrictions on Asian immigrants were the worst Ex. Chinese Exclusion Act & limits on Japanese • 1925 reduced restrictions when economy improved

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