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Catalyst – November 10-5, 2009

Catalyst – November 10-5, 2009. What has the higher 1 st ionization energy Calcium or Oxygen? Which has a higher melting point Potassium Iodide or Hydrogen Disulfide?. Today’s Agenda. Catalyst Going over some things/Whiteboard Practice Practice Quiz Exit Question. Today’s Objectives.

candace-roberson
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Catalyst – November 10-5, 2009

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  1. Catalyst – November 10-5, 2009 • What has the higher 1st ionization energy Calcium or Oxygen? • Which has a higher melting point Potassium Iodide or Hydrogen Disulfide?

  2. Today’s Agenda • Catalyst • Going over some things/Whiteboard Practice • Practice Quiz • Exit Question

  3. Today’s Objectives • SWBAT get ready to DOMINATE the Unit 4 Test!

  4. Today… • We are going to review some things and practice on the whiteboards. Please ask questions where you might be confused!! • Then, we will take a practice quiz to get you in the mood!

  5. Ionization Energy • Ionization Energy is the ENERGY it takes to remove an electron. • There are two types of questions: • 1st ionization energy- know the trend! • 2nd, 3rd, 4th- does it break into a new shell? LET’S PRACTICE!

  6. First Ionization Energy!

  7. Multiple Ionization Energies • There is a gigantic increase in ionization energy if you break into a full valence shell! • Why???

  8. Li Be B C IE1 520 900 801 1086 IE27,298 1757 2427 2353 IE314,8493660 4621 IE425,026 6223 IE537,830 Ionization Energy Can you figure out why there is such an increase in the red numbers? Use your BOHR models!! (10 mins)

  9. Practice • *First, draw a Bohr Model for both elements • Which has the highest 2nd ionization energy? • Boron • Sodium

  10. Practice • Which has the highest 3rd ionization energy? • Calcium • Nitrogen

  11. Practice • Which has the highest 1st ionization energy? • Selenium • Polonium

  12. Bond Type Chart/Differences in EN • Man, I wish there was an easy way to use electronegativity to figure out what bond type I have between two elements… • OH WAIT! There is! Pull out your book and turn to page 263.

  13. All you do is take the difference of the two elements… • That sounds easy! • What type of bond is formed between Oxygen and Sulfur? • Find electronegativities, subtract the higher one from the lower one. Then, look at the chart!

  14. Bond Type Chart

  15. Example 2 • Determine the type of bond in MgO

  16. Electronegativity Chart

  17. Example 2 • Determine the type of bond in MgO • Find electronegativity of each atom Mg = 1.3 Paulings, O = 3.4 Paulings

  18. Example 2 • Determine the type of bond in O2 • Find electronegativity of each atom Mg = 1.3 Paulings, O = 3.4 Paulings • Find Electronegativity Difference (∆EN) DEN = 3.4 – 1.3 = 2.1 • Look at chart to determine bond type.

  19. Bond Type Chart

  20. Your Turn! • NaF • F2 • CH4 • AlN

  21. Lewis Structure/Bond Formation • HF • P2 • SiO2 • CO

  22. Your Turn! • H2S • HCN • Se2 • SiOH2

  23. Kriss Krossing/Straight Naming • Kriss Krossing will make you get a good grade on this test! • Then, name the compounds.

  24. Ca2+As3- Kris Kross Method! Ca3As2

  25. Which charge ALWAYS comes first? POSITIVE!!!

  26. Which type of element ALWAYS comes first? METAL!!!

  27. K F Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I

  28. Using the Polyatomic Sheet! • Find formula: • Potassium Carbonate • Calcium Phosphate • Ammonium Hydroxide • Sodium Sulfate

  29. Covalent Naming • PH3 • CO • N2O3

  30. From the name! Write the formula • Nitrogen Trifluoride • Silicon Monoxide • Phosphorous Pentachloride • Antimony Dibromide

  31. Put everything away except a piece of paper and a pencil/pen

  32. 1.Non-metals tend to _________ electrons when forming an ionic bond because they have more than 4 valence electrons. Gain

  33. 2. Which of the following is NOT a covalent compound? • CH4 • CO • NaF • H2O NaF

  34. 3. What is the stable ion for Cesium? Cs1+

  35. 4. In which direction does ionization energy decrease on the periodic table? Why? Going down a group/family, because it is easier to steal electrons from higher energy levels

  36. 5. Show the formation of the ionic bond between Sodium and Chlorine Na  Na+ Cl  Cl- + 1e- +1e- Na+ + Cl- NaCl

  37. 6. What element will have the highest 3rd Ionization energy? Why? • Carbon • Aluminum • Fluorine • Magnesium Mg, because its 3rd electron is in a full (happy) shell.

  38. 7. What is the stable ion for Arsenic? As3-

  39. 8. What element will have the lowest 3rd Ionization energy? Why? • Carbon • Aluminum • Fluorine • Magnesium Aluminum, because it wants to get rid of its 3rd electron so it can have a full outer shell

  40. What is the correct Lewis Dot structure for Xenon? Xe

  41. What kind of bonds do noble gases make? None, they already have a full outer shell

  42. P 9. What is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for Phosphorus?

  43. 10. Show the formation of the ionic bond between Aluminum and Oxygen Al  Al3+ O  O2- + 3e- + 2e-

  44. 11. Which element will have the lowest 1st Ionization energy? Why? • Magnesium • Carbon • Fluorine • Potassium Potassium, because it wants to get rid of its 1st electron so it can have a full outer shell

  45. 12. Show the formation of the ionic bond between Magnesium and Fluorine Mg  Mg2+ F  F- + 2e- + 1e-

  46. 13. Name the following compound: Mg3N2 Ionic: Magnesium Nitride

  47. 14. Name the following compound: H3(PO4) Ionic: Hydrogen Phosphate

  48. 15. Name the following compound: N3P5 Covalent: Trinitrogen pentaphosphate

  49. 16. What is the chemical formula for the following compound? • Dinitrogen pentachloride N2Cl5

  50. 17. What is the chemical formula for the following compound? • Aluminum bromide Ionic, so kriss kross AlBr3

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