Lab Safety Risk Assessment Seminar Developing effective policies ensuring a safe and compliant laboratory environm

1. Lab SafetyRisk Assessment Seminar �Developing effective policies ensuring a safe and compliant laboratory environment.�www.ehs.ku.edu864-4089

2. Outline Understand Risk Hazard Assessment Risk Assessment Risk Management Understand Liability Compliance Concerns Problem Indicators Incident Causes Understand Hazard Controls Engineering Controls Administrative Controls PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time, for usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Threshold Limit Value Ceiling - (TLV-C) The absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. Short-Term Exposure Limit - (TLV-STEL) A spot exposure for a duration shorter than 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day There are TLVs for physical agents as well as chemical substances. TLVs for physical agents are also defined in terms of what are considered safe levels (8 hours per day & 40 hours per work week). There are TLVs for noise exposure, vibration exposure, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation exposure and heat & cold stress.Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time, for usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Threshold Limit Value Ceiling - (TLV-C) The absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. Short-Term Exposure Limit - (TLV-STEL) A spot exposure for a duration shorter than 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day There are TLVs for physical agents as well as chemical substances. TLVs for physical agents are also defined in terms of what are considered safe levels (8 hours per day & 40 hours per work week). There are TLVs for noise exposure, vibration exposure, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation exposure and heat & cold stress.

3. Hazard Assessment Do we truly understand the consequences? No Consequences ?-----------? Life Ending Less Serious ?-----------? More Serious

4. Hazard Assessment Routes of Exposure Inhalation Lungs Ingestion Mouth Absorption Through the Skin or Eyes Body Contact On the Skin Injection Punctures or Cuts Exposure Limits Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) Hazard Controls PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Engineering Controls Administrative Controls Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time, for usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Threshold Limit Value Ceiling - (TLV-C) The absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. Short-Term Exposure Limit - (TLV-STEL) A spot exposure for a duration shorter than 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day There are TLVs for physical agents as well as chemical substances. TLVs for physical agents are also defined in terms of what are considered safe levels (8 hours per day & 40 hours per work week). There are TLVs for noise exposure, vibration exposure, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation exposure and heat & cold stress.Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time, for usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Threshold Limit Value Ceiling - (TLV-C) The absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. Short-Term Exposure Limit - (TLV-STEL) A spot exposure for a duration shorter than 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day There are TLVs for physical agents as well as chemical substances. TLVs for physical agents are also defined in terms of what are considered safe levels (8 hours per day & 40 hours per work week). There are TLVs for noise exposure, vibration exposure, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation exposure and heat & cold stress.

5. Hazard Assessment Exposure Limits Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time. - Usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time, for usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Threshold Limit Value Ceiling - (TLV-C) The absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. Short-Term Exposure Limit - (TLV-STEL) A spot exposure for a duration shorter than 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day There are TLVs for physical agents as well as chemical substances. TLVs for physical agents are also defined in terms of what are considered safe levels (8 hours per day & 40 hours per work week). There are TLVs for noise exposure, vibration exposure, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation exposure and heat & cold stress.Permissible Exposure Limit - (PEL) The average exposure over a specified period of time, for usually eight hours. For limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower. Threshold Limit Value - (TLV) The reasonable level to which a worker can be exposed to a chemical substance without adverse health effects. Threshold Limit Value Ceiling - (TLV-C) The absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. Short-Term Exposure Limit - (TLV-STEL) A spot exposure for a duration shorter than 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day There are TLVs for physical agents as well as chemical substances. TLVs for physical agents are also defined in terms of what are considered safe levels (8 hours per day & 40 hours per work week). There are TLVs for noise exposure, vibration exposure, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation exposure and heat & cold stress.

6. Risk Assessment Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Assumptions Identify Hazards Evaluate Potential Exposure Illuminate Our Assumptions Communicate Hazard Communication (HAZCOM) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Standardized Safety Forms / Policies EHS Web Page: http://www.ehs.ku.edu/

7. Risk Assessment Evaluate Risks and Benefits Subjective Cost (In terms of Value) Short Term / Long Term Perspectives Uncertainties Preconceived Concerns Objective Cost (In terms of Price) Scientific Observations Documented Hazards

8. Risk Assessment Define Acceptable Risk Administration / Management Perspective Liability vs. No Liability EHS / Safety Perspective Likelihood vs. Consequence Probability vs. Severity Laboratory / Work Perspective Risk vs. Benefit

9. Risk Assessment

10. Risk Management Are we safe on purpose? Or are we simply trusting to luck?

11. Risk Management Reduce Risk and Maximize Benefit Eliminate Unnecessary Exposure Knowing that Zero Risk is Not Achievable ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) Standard Operating Procedures Prudent Practices Coordinated Efforts Hazard Communication (HAZCOM) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Standardized Safety Forms / Policies EHS Web Page: http://www.ehs.ku.edu/

12. Risk Management Reasonably Achievable Value (Economics of Improvements) State of Technology Public Health Benefits Socioeconomic considerations General Public Interest Priority (Intent of Objectives) Hazard Assessment Best Practices Resources Compliance Laws / Regulations Dialogue with Lab Staff

13. Risk Management

14. Liability Concerns Why Comply? Legal Safety Professional Risk Acceptance? Risks we accept for ourselves? Risks we accept on behalf of others?

15. Liability Concerns Legal Personal Liability (civil / criminal) Institutional Liability Institutional Permissions / Safety Committee Approvals Safety Personal Health Co-workers and General Public Environment Professional Personal Integrity Quality of Results Keeping Your Job

16. Compliance Conundrum Measuring Subjective Issues in Objective Ways Eye Safety Compliance (example) Safety Eye Protection required in labs at all times. Kansas Statute 72-5207. ANSI (Z87.1-2003) approved.

17. Compliance Regulations Regulated Materials Radioisotopes Biological Hazards Select Agents Hazardous Chemicals and Waste Universal Waste (oil / batteries / used lamps) Wastewater Discharge / Solid Waste (trash) Air Emissions Transportation (DOT / IATA / KU) Domestic / International / On-campus Chemical / Biological / Radioactive Packaging / Training / Recordkeeping

18. Compliance Policies University of Kansas Safety Policies and Manuals Life Safety Regulations and Policies State Fire Marshal / Campus Fire Marshal University Public Safety / Campus Police Other Regulations / Agencies Federal EPA / DEA / CDC / USDA / FDA / NIH / NSF / AALAC State of Kansas KDHE / KDOL-IS&H City of Lawrence

19. Problem Indicators Compliance No documented safety procedures. No regular training is conducted. Out of date Chemical Inventory lists. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) not readily available. General Safety Chemical storage not segregated by hazard class. Chemical containers not labeled. Improper sharps disposal (glass / plastic / metal). Blocked aisles and congested work spaces. Personal Safety Prudent Practices not followed or not enforced. Improper use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Improper use of safety equipment. Disabling or circumventing safety devices.

20. Incident Causes Hazards Not Understood Unsafe Acts Carelessness About Routine Things Shortcuts Unsafe Conditions Distraction / Stress / Exhaustion Improperly Used Safety Equipment Consequences Dangerous Conditions Exposure Residual Risks to Self and Others

21. Hazard Controls Safety Barriers Equipment Chemical Fume Hoods Biological Safety Cabinets Ventilated Work Stations / Shielding Devices Hazard Communication Hazard Assessments Operating Procedures / Documentation Labels / Signs / Placards Prudent Practices / Quality Controls Training PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Gloves / Coats / Shoes / Eye Protection Goggles / Shields / Respirators Class A, B, or C Suits / SCBA