SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration Course 3037

1. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) Chapter 4 Manage Software for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server

2. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 2 Objectives Manage RPM Software Packages Verify and Update Software Library Access Manage Software Updates with YaST Online Update Server (YOU)

3. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 3 Manage RPM Software Packages Objectives RPM Components and Features RPM Basics How to Manage Software Packages with rpm How to Manage Software Packages with YaST

4. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 4 RPM Components and Features RPM Package Manager (RPM) Installs, updates, uninstalls, verifies, and queries software Basic RPM components RPM Package Manager RPM database RPM package Package label

5. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 5 RPM Components and Features (continued) Advantages of using RPM Provides a consistent method for users to install programs in Linux Makes it easier to uninstall programs Most software packages for Linux are now formatted as RPM packages Original source archives are included and easy to verify You can use RPM tools to enable software installations using noninteractive scripts

6. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 6 RPM Components and Features (continued) Advantages of using RPM (continued) You can use RPM tools to verify that the software installed correctly RPM can track dependent software, which means that any additional software needed is also installed RPM allows for all packaged software to use public-key technology to digitally sign the software

7. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 7 RPM Basics RPM Package File Format Naming format software_name-software_version-release_number.architecture.rpm RPM Configuration File Global configuration file /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc System configuration file /etc/rpmrc User configuration file ~/.rpmrc

8. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 8 RPM Basics (continued) RPM Database Database files are stored in /var/lib/rpm/ Rebuild database rpm –rebuilddb suse.de-backup-rpmdb Cron script Checks daily to see if there are any changes Single backup size Approximately 5 MB for 1 GB in /usr

9. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 9 How to Manage Software Packages with rpm Use command rpm To manage software packages Use command rpmbuild To build installable RPM packages from pristine sources Verify package authenticity rpm --checksig package_name Install an RPM package rpm -i package_name.rpm

10. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 10 How to Manage Software Packages with rpm (continued) Update an RPM package rpm -F package_name.rpm Uninstall an RPM package rpm -e package_name Update Software with patches Query the installed version of the package rpm -q pine Check if the patch RPM is suitable for your version rpm -qp --basedon pine-4.44-224.i586.patch.rpm

11. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 11 How to Manage Software Packages with rpm (continued) Update Software with patches (continued) Display the list of files affected by a patch rpm -qpPl pine-4.44-224.i586.patch.rpm rpm -qPl pine (if patch is already installed) Patch RPMs are used just like normal RPMs Display a list of all patches installed in the system rpm –qPa

12. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 12 How to Manage Software Packages with rpm (continued) Query archives and the RPM database Use –q option rpm -q --changelog rpm_name Displays detailed list of information about a specific package Use installed RPM database To perform verification checks with the option -V, -y, or --verify

13. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 13 How to Manage Software Packages with rpm (continued)

14. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 14 How to Manage Software Packages with rpm (continued)

15. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 15 Exercise 4-1 Manage Software with RPM The package aalib ASCII art library that includes the file aafire which displays burning ASCII art flames In this exercise, you learn how to manage RPMs by working with the library aalib

16. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 16 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST How to manage software packages from the GUI interface Steps Start YaST Install and Remove Software module Locate package you want to install, update, or uninstall Right-click a package Then select All in This List Select installation option Locate and change the status of other packages Select Installation Summary

17. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 17 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued)

18. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 18 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued)

19. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 19 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued)

20. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 20 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued) How to manage software packages from the GUI interface (continued) Steps (continued) Show package status (optional) Display package dependencies Select Autocheck (optional) Select Accept

21. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 21 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued)

22. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 22 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued)

23. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 23 How to Manage Software Packages with YaST (continued) How to install a package from the command line One of the major functions of YaST is software installation Option –i Example yast -i ethereal

24. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 24 Exercise 4-2 Install a Software Package with YaST SLES 9 includes a group of graphics utilities That are not included in a full installation In this exercise you will install these utilities using YaST

25. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 25 Verify and Update Software Library Access Verify system is configured properly To access dynamic libraries and application uses Objectives Software Library Basics How to View Shared Library Dependencies (ldd) How to Modify the Software Library Configuration File (/etc/ld.so.conf) How to Update the Library Cache (/etc/ld.so.cache)

26. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 26 Software Library Basics Dynamic Software Libraries Programs share some code through shared libraries Reduces the size of the program executable Linux system locates its dynamic libraries Through a configuration file that points to the locations Static Software Libraries Link the needed libraries statically when a program is compiled Increases program size but provides independence Library Naming Syntax libname.so.version

27. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 27 How to View Shared Library Dependencies (ldd) Use the command ldd Syntax ldd option filename

28. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 28 How to Modify the Software Library Configuration File (/etc/ld.so.conf) File /etc/ld.so.conf Contains a list of paths the Linux system uses to search for libraries You need to be authenticated as root Typical library directories /lib/, /usr/lib/, /usr/local/lib/, and /usr/X11R6/ /sbin/ldconfig –d Lists all libraries available in the cache Set variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH=path to make sure that it is loaded

29. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 29 How to Update the Library Cache (/etc/ld.so.cache) ld.so or /lib/ld-linux.so.2 Makes sure that the needed libraries are found And loaded when a program is started ldconfig Updates the library cache Sets the required links to the current shared libraries /etc/ld.so.cache Library cache file And is read by the runtime linker

30. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 30 Exercise 4-3 Manage Shared Libraries In this exercise, you use some common utilities to manage the shared libraries on your SLES 9 server

31. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 31 Manage Software Updates with YaST Online Update Server (YOU) Objectives YOU Basics How to Configure a Local YOU Server How to Configure and Use a YOU Client

32. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 32 YOU Basics YOU feature Centralizes the updating of all systems in the network YOU server Compared with one of the update servers in the Internet authorized by SUSE Can be configured to be recognized via SLP (Service Location Protocol) Local YOU clients Start the updates via HTTP

33. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 33 How to Configure a Local YOU Server Steps Start YaST YOU Sever Configuration module Start the YOU server Register the YOU server as a service on the local SLP server (optional) Add or change a product (optional) Get the current patches for all products Set up automatic synchronization (optional)

34. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 34 How to Configure a Local YOU Server (continued)

35. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 35 How to Configure a Local YOU Server (continued)

36. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 36 How to Configure a Local YOU Server (continued)

37. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 37 How to Configure and Use YOU Client How to install patches from a remote YOU server Start the YaST Online Update module Accept the defaults and continue Enter your username and password Manually select or deselect patches to install Download and install patches

38. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 38 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

39. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 39 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

40. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 40 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

41. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 41 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued) How to install patches from a local YOU server Start the YaST Online Update module Point to the local YOU server Select installation options Set up automatic synchronization (optional) Manually select or deselect patches to install Select Install Patch or Skip Patch (conditional) Select Remove Source Packages after Update Update the system configuration

42. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 42 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

43. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 43 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

44. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 44 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

45. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 45 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued) How to install patches from the command line Basic syntax online_update parameters

46. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 46 How to Configure and Use YOU Client (continued)

47. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 47 Exercise 4-4 Update SLES 9 from a Local YOU Server As a post-installation procedure Make sure you have updated your installation with the latest patches available from Novell SUSE Linux In this exercise you update SLES 9 from a local YOU server

48. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 48 Summary Most Linux software is in Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) format rpm command Installs, removes, verifies, and finds information about RPM software packages Check package digital signature Before installing it Verify contents of packages Using the –V option of rpm command Dynamic libraries versus static libraries

49. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) 49 Summary (continued) Use YaST Online Update tool To obtain the latest software updates for your SLES system YOU servers Centralize the updating of several SLES computers on your network