Present perfect tense

1. Present perfect tense Present perfect continuous tense

2. How to use present perfect tense? have already opened • We ___________________(already open) the window. 过去的动作: we opened the window. 对现在的影响: The window is open.

3. The boys are tired. They ________________ (just play) a ball game. 过去的动作 : The boys played a ball game. 对现在的影响: The boys are tired. have just played

4. Summary (1): We use thepresent perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but are connected to the present.

5. 现在完成时用法1---已完成、影响性用法 现在完成时表示动作开始于过去，结束于过去，但对现在仍有影响或造成结果。通常与副词already,yet等状语连用。 （动作的确切时间不明确或不重要） already:用于肯定句; yet:用于否定句和疑问句

6. 我的车已经修好了，下周我们可以开车去上海。我的车已经修好了，下周我们可以开车去上海。 My car has been repaired. We can drive to Shanghai next week. The form of Passive Voice: have /has +been +done

7. They bought this house three years ago. They __________(live) here since then. have lived

8. Justin got out last Friday. He didn’t come back. I ____________ (see) Justin since last Friday. have not seen

9. has lived Summary (2): live past now future We use the present perfect tense to talk about something that started in the past, and is still happening now. bought

10. 现在完成时用法2--未完成，延续性 强调动作或状态发生于过去一直延续到现在（适用于延续动词） 常与下列时间短语连用 1. for + 一段时间； since + 时间点/ 从句 2. 迄今为止：so far, up till / to now, untilnow 3.最近的过去：in /during the last/past years 4.最近：recently, lately, these few days…. 5.到这个时候：by this time 6.从……以来: ever since

11. 1.The price _____recently, but I doubt whether it will remain so. A increased, B will increase C has increased D was going to increase 2. In the past few years there ____ great changes in our town. A is B were C have been D will be.

12. Right or wrong? Why? √ ( ) 1. He has come here. ( ) 2. He has come here for 3 days. ( ) 3. He hasn’t come here for 3 days. ( ) 4. He has stayed here for 3 days. ( ) 5. He has been away for 3 days.  √ √ √

13. be, have, keep, study, live... 延续性动词 动词 终止性动词/ 瞬间动词 arrive, join , die, begin , come, buy, leave, borrow, marry... Tips : 瞬间动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与for+时间段,since+时间点/从句连用, 也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句中。（但可以用在否定句或这些动词对应的状态动词中）

14. 常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下: come / go / arrive / reach ---be die---be dead close---be closed become---be  leave--be away (from) fall asleep---be asleep borrow---keep  begin / start---be on  buy---have end / finish---be over marry---be married catch a cold---have a cold  join the army---be in the army 

15. His father has died. (for 2 years) The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m) I have bought the computer.(since I graduated) His father has been dead for 2 years. The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m. I have had the computer since I graduated.

16. The police have just finished searching the area. Summary (3): We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago .

17. I went to Egypt in 1986. I went to Egypt in 2004. I __________ (be) to Egypt twice. have been

18. Summary (4): We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions.

19. 用于现在完成时的句型 1.It is the first / second , etc, + time that… 2.It is the+ 序数词/最高级+ that 这是我看过的最好的电影。 It is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 这是我第一次听到他唱歌。 it is the first time that I’ve heard him sing.

20. have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： have / has been (to)表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。 have / has gone (to)表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。 He has been to Beijing. (人已回来,可能在这儿) He has gone to Beijing. (人已走, 不在这儿) - Where is the person in charge? - The person in charge ___________ to London. has gone

21. D (11陕西)His first novel ________ good reviews since it came out last month. A. receives B. is receiving C. will receive D. has received （14大纲卷） The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ______ them since. • sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen (14湖南）Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful. A. try B. have been trying C. are trying D. will try C B

22. since与现在完成时 自从那晚我就没见到过他。 自从三年前他就没回过家。 自从他父母去世，他就和爷爷奶奶住在一起。 自从上次遇见你已经很长时间了。 I haven’t seen him since that night. He hasn’t returned since three years ago. He has lived with his grandparents since his parents died. It’s a long time since I met you last time. It is + 一段时间 +since从句（常用一般过去时）…

23. That was yesterday and I haven’t seen her since. I haven’t heard from Susan since she lived in Shanghai. since从句用 延续性动词表该动作已经结束

24. 在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时,表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时,表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作 I shall post the letter as soon as I have finished it. 我一写完这封信就寄出去。 Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 直到车停稳后才能下车。 _______________________________， you will realize the theory. 如果你做完这个实验，你对这个理论认识得会更深刻。 If you have done the experiment

25. A ---You speak very good French! —Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played B

26. Present Perfect Tense & Simple Past Tense 区别：现在完成时强调已经完成的动作对现在造 成的影响或结果。 一般过去时强调过去的动作或状态, 有过去的时间状语 last week , yesterday , ago , just now , in the past,…

27. Put the following sentences into English. • A: 火车已经开走了. • B: 什么时候开走的? • A: 半个小时之前开走的. • A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. • B: 你在哪儿买的? • A: 在我老家买的. • A: 你看过这部电影吗? • B: 看过. • A: 什么时候看的. • B: 上周星期天看的. A: The train has left. B: When did it leave？ A: It left half an hour ago. A: I`ve had the book for 2years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in my hometown. A: Have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday.

28. 不累啊？你已跳了三个小时啦！ Aren’t you tired？ You have been jumping for three hours.

29. 她肯定累了，因为她一天一直在跳舞. She must be tired, for she has been dancing all day.

30. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense have/has + been + doing

31. The man started working in the field half an hour ago, and he is still working now. The man _______________ (work) in the field for half an hour. has been working

32. The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now. The boy ______________ (have) dinner since five minutes ago. has been having

33. Summary1: 1.We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past and are still continuing. I have not been sleeping well since I returned home. _________________________________________ pastpresent I returned home. I’m still not sleeping well. not being able to sleep well

34. Summary2: We also use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that have just finished but are still connected to the present in some way. Kelly: Sorry I’m late. Have you been waiting long? Mavis: Yes. I’ve been waiting for an hour. _______________________________________________ past One hour ago Present Mavis started waiting for Kelly. Kelly arrives.

35. The manager the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. • A. has told B. is telling • C. has been telling D. will have told • 2. The girl has a great interest in sport and badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. • A. took B. is taking C. takes D. has been taking • 3. In order to find the missing child, villagers all they can over the past five hours. • A. did B. do C. had done D. have been doing

36. Comparison between PPT & PPCT 1. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about an action completed in the recent past, and the Present Perfect Continuous Tense for an action that started in the past and is still happening.   I have watered the flowers. I have been watering the flowers .

37. have visited I ____________Egypt many times. (repeated actions) The man _____________ (skate) this morning. (non-stop action) has been skating 2.We can use the Present Perfect Tense for repeated actions, and the Present Perfect Continuous Tense for non-stop actions.

38. 3.We usually use the Present Perfect Tense to ask questions beginning with how many or how much, and the Present Perfect Continuous Tense to ask questions beginning with how long . How longhave you been swimming in the lake? How many timeshave you swum in the lake?

39. state verb 1)She has had the pen for 2 years. 2)She has written many compositions with this pen. 3)She has been writing compositions with this pen. action verb action verb 4.We can use either a state verb or an action verb with the Present Perfect Tense but we usually can only use an action verb with the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

40. √ √  • ( ) I have never visited America. • ( ) I have already been to America. • ( ) I have never been visiting America. 5.We use the Present Perfect Tense, not the Present Perfect Continuous Tense, with the words like never, yet, already and ever.

41. 高考链接 1.— I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked

42. 3. The unemployment rate in this district______from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 4. Now that she is out of job, Lucy_____going back to school , but she hasn’t decided yet . A. had considered B. has been consideringC. considered D. is going to consider 5. So far this year we ____a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen

43. Writing My experience in Xuancheng Senior High school 1.来到宣城中学已经四个多月了。 2.结识了好多老师和同学。 3.一直努力和同学好好相处。 4.本来英语很差，经过努力已取得了巨大的进步。 5.希望在2017年能够进入一所好大学.