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Explore the rich heritage of Reunion Island through its diverse traditional costumes reflecting Chinese, Indian, European, and African influences. Discover the history and evolution of attire from colonial plantation owners to descendants of immigrants.
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Reunion was a 2,500 square km esert island in the Indian Ocean that was colonised by the French in the XVII th century.During the last 350 years of its short history, Reunion Island has seen numerous waves of migration from the planet's dominant cultures (mostly Chinese, Indian, European and African).Hence, Reunion Island's traditional costumes reflect numerous different cultural origins.
The French land or plantation owners, who controled most of the lowlands during the colonial period, dressed European style to show their superiority. In Creole these plantation owners and their decendants are called the "groblan" meaning the "big whites" as opposed to the "little whites" or "yabes" who were often sailors fleeing poorly paid indentured servitude.
Make no mistake, not all the white colonial decendents were rich. The poorest "Yabes" or "Little Whites" often escaped civilization to live in the highlands were one could find similar climates to those in Europe generally . These "Yabes" tended to take on self-sufficient agriculural activities. Their traditional attire is cotton shirts and long trousers, ideal for outdoor works in a tropical climate. Accessories included « sapo paille » (straw hats) and straw backpack called "bertel", in which one could put a saber or long knife and a water bottle or flask, etc...
The first slaves arrived with the Europeans. They were often simply dress with only trousers to protect them from from cuts caused by the leaves of the cane. By then the slave population had been asimilated by order of the Black Code and the church inspired rules of governing slavery. Now these trousers are the costume of people practicing the local martial art inherited from the slavery time called "Moringue" in Creole (originally from Africa).
After the abolishion of slavery in 1848, France collaborated with the British Empire to promote a form of immigration known as Indentured labour, often associated with the arrival of workers from the British colonies India and Hong Kong that came in Reunion to replace free slaves. First there were Indian Indentured Labourers.
Those of Indian origin conserved their traditional attire especially for hindu religious rights, walking on fire, Cavadee and Dipavali (the celebration of light).
Cavadee Cavadee
On Reunion Island the decendants of these Indian Indentured labourers are called "Malbars" in Creole, and wear traditional clothes like the saree, chureedha, panjabee or koultaar.
Sometimes the Indian Indentured Labourers were muslims. This in part explains why the first mosque in the French Republic was built on Reunion Island at the beginning of the 20th century.
chureedha chureedha
These "Zarabes", as they are called in Creole, often wear traditional Arab garments particularly when going to the mosque but also during their daily activities. One often sees muslim men wearing kofia hats and kamis white tunics or robes in Saint Denis.
Sometimes, Muslim women on Reunion Island wear when outside the niqab robe which hide every feminin aspect of their body accept their eyes and feet. This, despite a recent law in France prohibiting the wearing of such clothes in public.
ILike the Indians the Chinese came here as indeLike the Indians the Chinese came here as indentured labourers. Many came with their families and quickly became shop keepers. ntured labourers. Many came with their families and quickly became shop keepers.
