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Water

Water. Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution?. any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to water that adversely effects its use by living things. Types of Water Pollution. Measured in: Percent (%) Parts per thousand (‰)

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Water

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  1. Water Quantity and Quality

  2. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to water that adversely effects its use by living things

  3. Types of Water Pollution Measured in: Percent (%) Parts per thousand (‰) Parts per million (ppm) Parts per billion (ppb) Biological Chemical Physical

  4. Biological Water Pollution Direct (microbes in water): Typhoid, cholera, dysentery, hepatitis… Infectious Disease(Pathogens) Oxygen-Demanding Waste Entamoeba histolytica

  5. Biological Water Pollution Indirect (Water breeding carriers):malaria, yellow fever, west nile virus… Infectious Disease(Pathogens) Oxygen-Demanding Waste

  6. Coliform Test Detection: • Solutions: • Sewage treatment • Immunization

  7. Biological Water Pollution Infectious Disease(Pathogens) Oxygen-Demanding Waste

  8. Chemical Water Pollution Nutrients (Fertilizers) Oil Fossil Fuel Emissions (Acid Rain) Nitrogen, phosphorous

  9. Chemical Water Pollution Nutrients (Fertilizers) Oil Fossil Fuel Emissions (Acid Rain)

  10. Chemical Water Pollution Nutrients (Fertilizers) Oil Fossil Fuel Emissions (Acid Rain)

  11. Physical Water Pollution Suspended Matter Thermal Pollution Food Waste http://www.localphilosophy.com/articles/great-pacific-grabage-patch.htm East Pacific Garbage Patch

  12. Physical Water Pollution • Causes: • industry • dams • removal of vegetation Sediment Thermal Pollution Food Waste Optimum – Fish 5-20°C (salmon <12°C)

  13. Physical Water Pollution Sediment Thermal Pollution Food Waste • Dangers: • Bacteria feed on sugar • Can cause out of control • bacterial growth in water

  14. Turbidity • refers to how clear the water is • greater the amount of total suspended solids (TSS) in the water, the murkier it appears = the higher turbidity

  15. Measured in: • NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) • Normal levels: 1-50 NTU • Drinking Water: 0.5-1 NTU • Visible: >5 NTU • Higher during storms

  16. Dissolved Oxygen Added by: turbulent water and photosynthesis Removed by: Increased temperature and respiration/decomposition Good: > 6 ppm (mosquitoes can survive in 1 ppm)(also measured in % of maximum - Good = 60-80%)

  17. Acidity (pH) • 6.5-8.2 normal (rainwater is usually a little acidic) • >9 – harmful to fish (inc. salmon) • <5.5 releases metals in seds, bacteria die and organics don’t decay • <5 insects die and fish eggs don’t hatch • <4 lethal to adult salmon

  18. Dissolved Carbon Dioxide Added by: respiration/decomposition & weathered rock Removed by: Increased temperature and photosynthesis Good: 1-10 ppm (usually about 1 ppm)

  19. Nitrates • Typically: 0.1-4 ppm • Unpolluted usually below 1 ppm • Sewage pollution increase up to 20 ppm

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