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The Holocaust: Roots, Final Solution, and Allied Response during WWII

The Holocaust, driven by Hitler's anti-Semitic campaign, saw Jews persecuted, put into concentration camps, and later sent to death camps in Poland. The Final Solution aimed at genocide, with six death camps established. The Allied response was initially lacking, but efforts eventually intensified to protect and support survivors, leading to the creation of Israel.

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The Holocaust: Roots, Final Solution, and Allied Response during WWII

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  1. World War II (1931-1945) VI. The Holocaust

  2. World War II (1931-1945) VI. The Holocaust Learning Objectives • • • Trace the roots and progress of Hitler’s campaign against the Jews. Explain the goals of Hitler’s “final solution” and the nature of Nazi death camps. Examine how the United States responded to the Holocaust.

  3. World War II (1931-1945) VI. The Holocaust A. Roots of the Holocaust 1. Anti-Semitism (hatred of Jewish People) was a cornerstone of Nazi ideology. Before WWII, things like the Nuremberg Laws and Kristallnacht, singled out Germany’s Jews for persecution. 2. After Kristallnacht, Jews either fled Germany or many were put into concentration camps. However, many Jews who left Germany were not allowed in anywhere else and were sent back. Only 129,000 Jews were able to escape Germany before Kristallnacht.

  4. B. Hitler’s “Final Solution” 1. Initially, Jews were put into ghettos in occupied territories. The Einsatzgruppen were killing squads that followed behind the main army and killed all the undesirables. Not satisfied with just shooting Jews, Hitler adopted the Final Solution, which established death camps in Poland. 2. Genocide was carried out on Hitler’s behalf by Reinhard Heydrich. Heydrich had met with other SS leaders at the Wannsee Conference to decide the parameters of the camps and who should be sent there. 3. There were six death camps in Poland, Auschwitz being the largest. In addition to being killing factories, unspeakable experiments were conducted on prisoners.

  5. C. Allied Response to the Holocaust 1. The sad truth is that Anti-Semitism is a worldwide sickness. Other countries underestimated the Nazi threat and acted on their own prejudices by not allowing Jewish migrants safety from the Nazis. It wasn’t until the War Refugee Board was created in 1944 that Americans made specific moves to protect Jews and others from Hitler. The rumors were found to be true when Allied troops liberated camps in 1945. 2. Allied troops realized that the evil of the Nazis were not just stories as they began to help the survivors and document the atrocities of the camps. Once the horror was known, the United States and other countries supported Jewish efforts to create the nation of Israel and we support it to this day.

  6. Roots of the Holocaust This propaganda poster from 1935 glorifies the image of what the Nazis saw as the ideal Aryan youth. At the same time, posters and comic books viciously caricatured people the Nazis considered “inferior.”

  7. Roots of the Holocaust Analyze Data Based on this timeline, did Hitler’s anti-Semitic campaign develop quickly or over time?

  8. Hitler’s “Final Solution” Analyze Maps How did the locations of death camps differ from the location of concentration camps?

  9. Hitler’s “Final Solution” Prisoners in Nazi concentration camps were identified by triangular color-coded patches. Some prisoners might be forced to wear combinations of patches.

  10. Hitler’s “Final Solution” In this photograph, Nazi troops remove Jewish residents from the Warsaw ghetto after a failed uprising in 1943. This has become one of the most famous images associated with the Holocaust.

  11. Allied Response to the Holocaust In 1939, the United States refused asylum to Jewish refugees on board the St. Louis. These children were among more than 900 passengers who were returned to Germany.

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