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ABSOLUTISM GONE WRONG

ABSOLUTISM GONE WRONG. While other nations turned to absolutism in the 1500s and 1600s, England’s Parliament resisted the throne. Monarchs vs. Parliament. Queen Elizabeth – she had problems with the parliament regarding money.

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ABSOLUTISM GONE WRONG

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  1. ABSOLUTISM GONE WRONG While other nations turned to absolutism in the 1500s and 1600s, England’s Parliament resisted the throne.

  2. Monarchs vs. Parliament Queen Elizabeth – she had problems with the parliament regarding money James I – he had problems with the parliament regarding religion Charles I – fired the Parliament – just got rid of it!

  3. Details: Charles I vs. Parliament • Charles fired Parliament • Then he needed them back to get him some money – Irish revolt • He “re-hired” them. • The only way that Parliament would give him money is if he signed the Petition of Right. • No taxes w/o Parliament’s consent • No martial (absolute) law in peace time • Charles signed it – then he IGNORED it. • Parliament then withheld money – He fired them again…

  4. English Civil War • Why? • Charles I had forced Anglican prayer book on Puritans and Presbyterians • Parliament was angry Charles I had ignored the Petition of Right • Some people were angry with Charles I for dissolving Parliament • When? – 1642 – 1649 • Loyalists • Supported Charles • Called “Cavaliers” • Also called “Royalists” • Puritans • Supported Parliament • Called Roundheads • Leader was Oliver Cromwell VS

  5. Results of the English Civil War • Oliver Cromwell’s Roundheads defeated the Cavilers and imprisoned Charles • They put him on trial, sentenced him to death – chopped his head off. • A king had been executed after trial for the first time! • What/Who would govern England now?

  6. Changes in Power • Oliver Cromwell took over following the civil war • Formed a military state • Very strict • Charles II in power • After Cromwell died, the people wanted to have a king – Charles II (Charles I son) took over. • He got along better with the Parliament, restoration took place in England.

  7. Glorious Revolution • 1685 Charles II died with NO heir • His brother James II took over (but he was catholic!) • Why were the English so fearful of a Catholic ruler? • Mary, Elizabeth’s sister was Catholic and executed many Protestants in England • James II soon offended Parliament and voted some Catholic friends into high office (against the law) • Parliament protested, so he fired them • James has a son, who will be raised Catholic…

  8. Glorious Revolution (cont’d) • James had an older Protestant daughter (Mary) who married William of Orange(Netherland). • Parliament invited William to overthrow James II. He brought and army, James II was outnumbered and fled the country • CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY • William and Mary adopt a stance of religious tolerance towards all PROTESTANT groups • Who is left out? And do you feel this stance would help solve the problems in England?

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