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William Terzaghi Spring 2017

Bio 369: Plant Physiology. William Terzaghi Spring 2017. COURSE OVERVIEW 1) Understanding how plants work. Understanding how plants work. Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2. Understanding how plants work. Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2 5% (max) can be stored in organics. Understanding how plants work.

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William Terzaghi Spring 2017

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  1. Bio 369: Plant Physiology William Terzaghi Spring 2017

  2. COURSE OVERVIEW • 1) Understanding how plants work.

  3. Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2

  4. Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2 • 5% (max) can be stored in organics

  5. Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2 • 5% (65W/m2) can be stored • Humans consume ~ 100 W (360,000 J/hour)

  6. Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2 • 5% (65W/m2) can be stored • Humans consume ~ 100 W (360,000 J/hour) • Plants must have high surface area & low metabolism

  7. Understanding how plants work. • Photosynthesis

  8. Understanding how plants work. • Photosynthesis • Nutrition

  9. Understanding how plants work. • Photosynthesis • Nutrition • Metabolism

  10. Understanding how plants work. • Photosynthesis • Nutrition • Metabolism • Growth & development

  11. COURSE OVERVIEW • 1) Understanding how plants work. • 2) Understanding how plant biologists work. • Method

  12. COURSE OVERVIEW • 1) Understanding how plants work. • 2) Understanding how plant biologists work. • Method • Technology

  13. Plan A • Standard lecture & canned lab course

  14. Plan B • Standard lecture course, except:

  15. Plan B • Standard lecture course, except: • Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives

  16. Plan B • Standard lecture course, except: • Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives • Last 4 labs will be an independent research project

  17. Plan B • Standard lecture course, except: • Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives • Last 4 labs will be an independent research project • 20% of grade will be “elective” • Paper • Talk • Research proposal • Poster • Exam

  18. Plan C We will pick a problem in plant biology and see where it takes us.

  19. Plan C • We will pick a problem in plant biology and see where it takes us. • Phytoremediation • Atrazine and other triazine herbicides • 2nd most widely used herbicide in US • Endocrine disruptor

  20. Plan C • We will pick a problem in plant biology and see where it takes us. • Phytoremediation • Atrazine and other triazine herbicides • 2nd most widely used herbicide in US • Endocrine disruptor • Find or make plants that destroy or mop them up?

  21. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Atrazine and other triazine herbicides • Neonicotinoid pesticides (e.g. imidacloprid) • Bind nicotinic acetylcholine receptors • Used on most crops: 95% of corn, > 50% of soy • Cause bee colony collapse?

  22. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Atrazine and other triazine herbicides • Neonicotinoid pesticides (e.g. imidacloprid) • Bind nicotinic acetylcholine receptors • Used on most crops: 95% of corn, > 50% of soy • Cause bee colony collapse? • Find or make plants that destroy or mop them up?

  23. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Atrazine and other triazine herbicides • Neonicotinoid pesticides (e.g. imidacloprid) • Metals, other mine or fracking waste? • Find or make plants that destroy or mop them up?

  24. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Plant products – can we make jalapenos hotter? • N- deprivation made short plants, normal radishes • S - deprivation made normal plants, no radishes • Shaking 1 min 3x/week stunted garlics, but no other plants • Punching leaves with a hole punch made jalapenos hotter

  25. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Plant products – can we make jalapenos hotter? • Biofuels • Biodiesel (or other hydrocarbons)? • Increasing oil production

  26. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Plant products – can we make jalapenos hotter? • Biofuels • Biodiesel (or other hydrocarbons)? • Increasing oil production • Increasing production of biodiesel

  27. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Plant products • Biofuels • Biodiesel? • Electricity? • Hydrogen?

  28. Plan C • Phytoremediation • Plant products • Biofuels • Effects of seed spacing on seed germination • Arabidopsis germinated much better in groups of 6 than by themselves, but mutant didn’t mind

  29. Plan C • We will pick a problem in plant biology and see where it takes us. • Phytoremediation • Plant products • Biofuels • Effects of seed spacing on seed germination • Climate/CO2 change • Effects of elevated CO2 on various plant processes • C3vs C4vs CAM?

  30. Plan C • We will pick a problem in plant biology and see where it takes us. • Phytoremediation • Plant products • Biofuels • Effects of seed spacing on seed germination • Climate/CO2 change • Stress responses/stress avoidance • Improving food production • Biotechnology • Plant movements • Plant signaling (including neurobiology) • Flowering? • Something else?

  31. Plan C Pick a problem

  32. Plan C Pick a problem Pick some plants to study

  33. Plan C Pick a problem Pick some plants to study Design some experiments

  34. Plan C Pick a problem Pick some plants to study Design some experiments See where they lead us

  35. Plan C Pick a problem Pick some plants to study Design some experiments See where they lead us Grading? Combination of papers and presentations

  36. Plan C • Grading? • Combination of papers and presentations • First presentation: 5 points • Research presentation: 10 points • Final presentation: 15 points • Assignments: 5 points each • Poster: 10 points • Intermediate report 10 points • Final report: 30 points • Alternatives • Paper(s) instead of 1 or two presentations • Research proposal instead of a presentation • One or two exams?

  37. BIO 369- Resource and Policy Information Instructor: Dr. William Terzaghi Office: SLC 363/CSC228 Office hours: MWF 12-1 in SLC 363, TR 1-2 in CSC228, or by appointment Phone: (570) 408-4762 Email: terzaghi@wilkes.edu

  38. BIO 369 - Resource and Policy Information Instructor: Dr. William Terzaghi Office: SLC 363/CSC228 Office hours: MWF 12-1 in SLC 363, TR 1-2 in CSC228, or by appointment Phone: (570) 408-4762 Email: terzaghi@wilkes.edu Course webpage: http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/william.terzaghi/bio369.html

  39. Vegetative Plant Structure • 3 Parts • Leaf • Stem • Root

  40. Vegetative Plant Structure 3 tissue types • Dermal • Ground • Vascular Cells do most of the work in plants!

  41. Vegetative Plant Structure • 3 Parts • Leaf • Cuticle = lipid barrier

  42. Vegetative Plant Structure • 3 Parts • Leaf • Cuticle = lipid barrier • Epidermis = barrier cells

  43. Leaf Structure Cuticle = lipid barrier Epidermis = barrier cells Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells

  44. Leaf Structure Cuticle = lipid barrier Epidermis = barrier cells Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells Mesophyll = photosynthetic cells

  45. Leaf Structure Cuticle = lipid barrier Epidermis = barrier cells Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells Mesophyll = photosynthetic cells Bundle Sheath = control import/export

  46. Leaf Structure • Bundle Sheath = control import/export • Vascular tissue = plumbing • Xylem = water & inorganics • Dead!

  47. Leaf Structure • Bundle Sheath = control import/export • Vascular tissue = plumbing • Xylem = water & inorganics • Dead! • Phloem = photosynthate

  48. Leaf Structure • Vascular tissue = plumbing • Xylem = water & inorganics • Dead! • Phloem = photosynthate • Live!

  49. Plant Structure C4 Kranz anatomy = less mesophyll, more bundle sheath

  50. Veg.Plant Structure • 3 Parts • Leaf • Stem

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