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Good Morning / Afternoon

Good Morning / Afternoon. Welcome to MAY!!! FYI- There are only 7 more “A” Days 8 days of class before finals. Quote of the Day # 12. “ The real meaning of enlightenment is to gaze with undimmed eyes on all darknesses . ” -Kazantzakis. May 4 th. Outcomes

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Good Morning / Afternoon

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  1. Good Morning / Afternoon Welcome to MAY!!! FYI- There are only 7 more “A” Days 8days of class before finals.

  2. Quote of the Day #12 “The real meaning of enlightenment is to gaze with undimmed eyes on all darknesses.” -Kazantzakis

  3. May 4th Outcomes Students will begin to explore the enlightenment Students will continue to study how the enlightenment changed society. To Do List Pass back papers Movie Clip-Amazing Grace 5 points / influences from the enlightenment BE SPECIFIC!!! “Listening to the Past” Voltaire Finish up notes- if there is time. Be ready for a quiz

  4. Announcements This WEEK: Tuesday: JV Track @ Newton Soccer vs South ( Makeup) Baseball vs East @ West Urban Wednesday:Class Elections- Sophs Diving @ East “C” Soccer vs Northwest Thursday:Swimming @ East ????? Regional Tennis Friday: 2:20 Dismissal- All School Rosary Soccer @ St. Thomas Aquinas (KC) Track @ Derby JV / C Baseball @ Trinity Saturday: Soccer @ Notre Dame de Sion (KC, MO) Seniors going into their last week- STAY OUT OF THE WAY!

  5. Enlightenment WritersQuick Review- think of the impact • Bernard de Fontelle * • Spread ideas of Enlightenment, very skeptical • Pierre Bayle • Humanity’s best hope open minded tolerance • Truth and Morality are relative at best • John Locke • Human mind is blank, influenced by society

  6. Review Questions • Philosophes- A French Word- what does that tell us about the enlightenment Philosophers who challenged everything- meaning of life, God, Human nature, good and evil, and cause and effect. They were social elites who sought to influence other social Elites- who were referred to as the “public”

  7. Influential PhilsophesNot all of these are in your book • Jean le Rond d’ Alembert (1717-1783) • Difference between “truly enlightened” & “noisy multitude • Common people were doomed to superstition & confusion • Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755) • Satirical writer-wrote when it was illegal to challenge the govt • The Persian Letters- challenged European Institutions • The Spirit of Laws- dismayed by absolutism-it was tyrannical • Focused on a division of power shared by classes- NOT for everyone • Francois Marie Arouet- (Voltaire) 1694-1778

  8. Review Questions(Voltaire) • Who was he? • Raised in a middle class home • Educated, very intelligent, witty, even sarcastic • Sharp wit got him into trouble multiple times • Challenged injustice and unequal treatment-among nobles • Satirical writer who challenged Catholic Church, Christian theology, religious intolerance. • Was a deist- believed God created ALL, then stepped away- influenced many of the enlightenment How does this fit with the rest of the Enlightenment thinking?

  9. Listening to the Past • Let’s quickly reread this again Not so sure that everyone got it. • Let’s look at another Voltaire article • Pg 518 The Attack of Religious Intolerance

  10. Influential PhilsophesNot all of these are in your book • Denis Diderot (1713-1784)-French Philosopher / Critic • Author of several texts- Letter to the Blind (1748) dual meanin • Encyclopedie (1751) 28 volumes—collected knowledge of the day • Knowledge was power- therefore, everyone had access to this. • Radical concept of the day- EVERYONE learning, reading, challenging the world around them. • Arm the masses to change the world. • Critic of French Aristocracy & the Church • Christianity was seen as fanatical & unreasonable • Need for French Society/Christians to be more Humane, more tolerant, more reasonable

  11. Influence of the EnlightenmentDue Friday • Find a Current Event on • Religious intolerance • Challenges to Christian theology • Moral Relativism • The Public- the noisy common multitude • The elite- as having the answers for society

  12. Current Events • Please pass your current event to the person behind you. • Read their current event and respond to the following questions/statements. • Identify the main idea in this article. • Identify and list the statements that support the main idea. • State in your own words the concept from the enlightenment that is being conveyed. • Based on this article, predict the influence that is could have for the future. • How does this relate to you/your experiences?

  13. Quote of the Day #11 “It is difficult, if not impossible, for most people to think otherwise than in the fashion of their own period.” --George Bernard Shaw

  14. The later EnlightenmentA Challenge and a Change • After 1770 the enlightenment changed and thinkers went beyond the original scope of questioning. • Baron Paul d’ Holbach (German 1723-1789) • Argued human beings are machines influenced by outside forces. (Free Will, God, Immortality of soul were myths) • David Hume (Scottish 1711-1776) • Human mind is really nothing but a bundle of expressions • Impressions can only be understood through sense experience. Reason cant be understood without proof

  15. Enlightenment Extremes • Marie Jean Caritat (1743-1794) • Progress of the Human Mind, Man is slowly progressing towards perfection • Jean Jacques Rousseau (Swiss-French1712-1778) • Believed in individual freedom- protect from society • The Social Contract- general will – pop sovereignty • The General Will- sacred-absolute- common good of all • Popular sovereignty- ability to majority to decide • Limited freedom- to ensure order and stability

  16. Influence of the Enlightenment on Urban Culture and Public Opinion • There was an explosion in the number of books • Upper Class, the clergy, and the Aristocracy • Decline in religious and devotional texts • France’s censorship created a black market • Black market was referred to as “under the cloak” • Published in eastern countries- Politics & Law • New form of publications- scandalous/pornographic • Alleged that french women were seducing public officials • Reading Revolution • Reading before had be of sacred texts, slow, loud, public • Reading now was individual, silent, and rapid. • People could not read enough- wanted independent presses • Wealthy women created salons- to entertain, learn, share info

  17. Reaching the Masses

  18. Political Cartoon- 20 pts • Choose a philosophe • Choose an idea concept from them • Create a visual (political cartoon) them illustrates that idea • Put effort into the art- NOT Solely grade • Is there back ground information- visuals • Can we identify the main character / idea • Can we tell its an enlightenment concept • Be ready for a quiz- know books / people

  19. Homework • Please read • The Enlightenment and Absolutism • Pages 578- 585 • Answer the questions on the worksheet • Political Cartoon- related to the Philosophes • If you are NOT working, these assignments will be due at the end of the Block

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