三民高職英文 1-6 冊句型總整理

三民高職英文1-6冊句型總整理

S + Vt + O此屬於五大基本句型之一，主詞加上動詞，本身句意並不完整，一定要加上接受此動作的對象，才成為完整句子。這種動詞稱為「完全及物動詞」。1. Boys don’t showtheir emotions.2. Hefollowsher.

S + Vi S + Vi + Prep + O 此屬於五大基本句型之一，主詞後接動詞，即可表達一完整意思。這樣的動詞稱為「完全不及物動詞」。此類動詞後面可接適當的副詞或介系詞片語。 1. Theyjump and shout. 2. Shesmilesathim.

S + Vi + SC 此句型也屬於五大基本句型之ㄧ，其中的動詞為「不完全不及物動詞」，常為be動詞或連綴動詞。動詞之後的主詞補語，種類很多，但是以名詞和形容詞最常見。1. I was so excited to see my Mr. Right! 2. It wasa Saturday morning.

S + Vt + O + that-clause此句型中的動詞為及物動詞，後面接一受詞，之後再接一個that所引導的名詞子句。1. Jack toldmethat we should meet in person.2. I just toldherthat I was going to the movies with my classmates.

If + S1 + V1..., S2 + Aux + V2....若if條件句用來陳述一般事實，則屬於直說法條件句。此句型表示「如果…，那麼…」的意思。注意：若主要子句為未來式，則if引導的子句需用現在簡單式。1. If you prefer some hot dishes, thick squid soup and oyster omelets will surely satisfy you.2. If the weather is fine tomorrow, we will have a picnic in the park.

S + V...before/after/when + S + V....→ S + V...before/after/when + V-ing....主要子句和從屬子句的主詞相同時，連接詞後的主詞可以省略，其後的動詞則要改成現在分詞 (V-ing)。1. You can have fried buns before you see a movie.→ You can have fried buns before seeing a movie.2. You can have a large cup of pearl milk tea before you go home.→ You can have a large cup of pearl milk tea before going home.

S + V/be (am/are/is)S + V-ed/be (was/were)S + will + VS + be (am/are/is) going to + V此部份旨在複習現在簡單式、過去簡單式及未來簡單式的用法。其中S + be going to + V 可以代替S + will + V表示「將要發生之動作」。1. The men are always in black.2. The women always wear long skirts.3. From the 1920s, some Amish people started to use new technology.4. Some think cell phones will make the Amish less close.5. What are they going to do?

One.... Another.... The other....這個句型的意思是「一…另一…還有一…」，就好比中文說「家裡有三籃蘋果，一籃在客廳裡，另一籃在廚房裡，還有一籃在飯廳裡。」它們還可以兼代名詞的功用，如下面例句2.。1. One group uses telephones, electricity, and cars. Another group only uses them occasionally. The other group does not use them at all.2. There are three computers in my house. One is in my room. Another is in my parents’ room. The other is in the living room.

To V1/V1-ing...(+ Aux) + be/V2....不定詞 (to V)與動名詞 (V-ing)均可當句子的主詞，視為單數，後面接單數動詞。1. To go to Taroko Gorgewould be a problem.→ Going to Taroko Gorgewould be a problem.2. To travel by motorcyclewould be more convenient. → Traveling by motorcyclewould be more convenient.

S1 + suggest + that + S2 + (should) V....此句型用來表示「提議」或「建議」之意。that子句中的should可以被省略，後面的動詞以原形動詞形式出現。1. I suggestedthat my mother (should) take a motorcycle trip with me.2. I called Mom again and suggestedthat we (should) rent a car instead.

S + have/has + Vpp英文裡的現在完成式，用來表達「有過的經驗」，或「從過去某時開始，一直持續到現在的動作或狀態」。1. Both TV and radio stations havenoted the growing number of the fans, so they havestarted to fight for broadcasting rights.2. We haveplayed basketball for two hours.3. She haslived in Taichung since ten years ago.

one of + the + 形容詞最高級 + N + (that) + I/we + have + ever + Vpp此句型用一個現在完成式的關係子句來修飾一個內含形容詞最高級的名詞片語，來表達「所曾經…最…的事物或人之一」。1. This is one of the most exciting games(that) I've ever seen.2. Mandy is one of the smartest girls(that) we have ever met.

S + Vt + IO + DO → S + Vt + DO + Prep + IO1. 此句型中的動詞稱為授與動詞，為及物動詞(Vt)的一種，其後需接兩個受詞。第一個受詞為授與的對象(通常是人)，稱為間接受詞(indirect object，縮寫為IO)；而第二個受詞為所授與的事物，稱為直接受詞(direct object，縮寫為DO)。2. 授與動詞之後的兩個受詞位置可以對調，但對調後，兩者之間須加一個介系詞(preposition，縮寫為Prep)。

1. Prometheus gavehumansmany gifts.→ Prometheus gavemany giftstohumans.2. Prometheus taughthumansmany things. → Prometheus taughtmany thingstohumans.3. Prometheus broughthumansthis fire. → Prometheus broughtthis firetohumans.

疑問詞 + to V = 名詞片語疑問詞(what, when, where, whom, which, how等)引導名詞子句時，可將名詞子句簡化為名詞片語 wh- + to V。1. He taught them howto build their houses and howto raise animals and food.2. He also taught them howto care for the sick.

S + Vt + O + by + V-ing/N....這個句型是從五大基本句型S + Vt + O (請見Unit 1)衍生而來。其中“by”在此表「藉著，透過」之意，是介系詞，所以後面若要接動詞，就要用動名詞 (V-ing)。1. The Igbo people welcomethe New Year by clapping their hands.2. I sendmessages to my friends bye-mail.

It + be + Adj (+ for someone) + to V....此句型是從To V.../V-ing + be + Adj (+ for someone) (請見Unit 5)的句型變化過來的，差別在於此句型以It做虛主詞開頭，代替後面的真主詞 (to V...)，但意義並沒有改變。

1. To wake up early and see the first sunrise of the yearisimportant (for the Japanese).→ Itisimportant (for the Japanese) to wake up early and see the first sunrise of the year.2. To watch TV all day longisbad (for your eyes).→ Itisbad (for your eyes) to watch TV all day long.

make/let/have + O + V這個句型為使役動詞make、let和have的用法，使役動詞後面的受詞如果是「主動發出動作者」時，其後可省略to，而接原形動詞。1. My mom's phone call mademerealize that committing suicide was not the answer.2. Letmehelp you with your homework.3. The teacher hadhis studentsvisit the museum last Saturday.

S + had + Vpp過去完成式一般用來表達「某一動作在過去另一動作發生之前就已經完成」，常與另一簡單過去式的子句連用。1. She wanted to know my shoe size because she had found a cute pair of sandals for me.2. By the time we arrived at the party, all the people had gone.

S (+ Aux) + be + Vpp這個句型是複習現在簡單式和過去簡單式的被動語態用法。此外，被動語態也可以含有助動詞，如：will, should, might, must, can等。1. They are sometimes called “urban legends.”2. Many people aretricked by these urban legends.3. I wasinvited to Sam's birthday party last Sunday.4. Jack's homework willbefinished in two days. 5. The work mustbedone soon.

It seems that + S + V.... → S + seem(s) to + V....本句型用以表示「不是很精確的推論或看法」，中文譯為「似乎…」。1. It seems that the stories from e-mail are real.→ The stories from e-mailseem to be real.2. It seems that Jennifer likes Mr. Johnson very much.→ Jenniferseems to like Mr. Johnson very much.

get/grow/become + Adj本句型複習連綴動詞(linking verbs)，例如get, grow和become。連綴動詞亦屬於不完全不及物動詞，後面不接受詞，但因為其本身的意思不完整，因此一定得接主詞補語(最常見的為形容詞)，以補充說明主詞的狀態或性質。1. He started to getsick.2. More Asians are gettingfat fast.3. It grewcold.4. Rita's voice becameloud because she was very angry.

...N + why/when/where + S + V....本句型介紹關係副詞(why, when, where)。這三個關係副詞均具有連接詞作用，引導形容詞子句，分別修飾表「理由、時間、地點」的先行詞。1. There are many reasonswhy fast food is making Asians fat.2. Sunday will be the daywhen the basketball game is held.3. This is the placewhere I lived before.

make + O + OC (Adj/N)不完全及物動詞make接了受詞之後，後面還必須接一個形容詞或名詞，主要是用來修飾前面的受詞，以表達一完整的意思。1. Some governments have madetheir useillegal in certain public places.2. The car accident madeour tripan unforgettable experience.

S + V... + so that + S + Aux + V....so that前後各有一個子句，而且是有因果關係的。本句型前半部主要子句中的主詞所做的動作是為了可以達到其後子句的「目的」或「結果」，所以so that最常被翻譯為「為了…，以便…」。1. All cameras in cell phones must make loud noise so that people will know about it.2. The students study hard so that they will be able to pass the exam.

關係子句的限定用法：...N (先行詞) + who/whom/which/that....限定用法中的關係子句對先行詞具有限定、修飾的作用，子句不能省略，否則句意便不完整。此外，先行詞和關係代名詞(who/whom/which/that)之間沒有逗號。

1. I saw a personwho was moving very slowly.2. Mary has a friend (whom/that) she has known for years.3. It was about finishing something(that) she started.4. This is the computer(which/that) my father bought for me yesterday.

倒裝句：S + be/V + Adverbial Phrase→ Adverbial Phrase + be/V + S 倒裝是為了強調句子中的某一個部分，例如，可將表示位置的副詞片語提到句首，並且將主詞與(助)動詞倒置，以達到強調作用。1. One end of a paper ribbonwasin his hand.→ In his handwasone end of a paper ribbon.2. A boylayon the grass.→ On the grasslaya boy.

because + S + be/V + O → because of + NPbecause表示「因為」，為連接詞，後面接完整的子句；because of也表示「因為」之意，但屬於片語介系詞，後面需接名詞。1. The company's productions are unusual becausetheymixWestern and Eastern2. Because ofterrible floods, they moved to a higher place.

N + who/which/that + V... → N + V-ing...關係代名詞為主格時，可將關係代名詞who、which或that省略，並將原來關係子句裡的動詞改為現在分詞，其意義不變；若關係子句為進行式時，則可直接將關係代名詞和be動詞省略，保留分詞即可。

1. The dancers are now the people who crossed over the Taiwan Strait from China to Taiwan.→ The dancers are now the people crossing over the Taiwan Strait from China to Taiwan.2. The man and his dog that are running along the river live near my house.→ The man and his dog running along the river live near my house.

...the + 形容詞最高級 (+ N) ...最高級是用於「三者或三者以上」的比較，表示「最…」之意。大多數的形容詞均可形成最高級，最高級的構成方法如下：1. 單音節或部分雙音節的形容詞，字尾加est；2. 雙音節或多音節字，則在形容詞前加most。這兩種構成方法的前面都要加the。

1. Another great Taiwanese contribution to the world is Giant bicycles, themostpopular in the sport of cycling.2. Themosteye-catchingTaiwanese export might be the “Magic Egg.”3. Alice is thetallestgirl in our school.

N, who/whom/which...,非限定用法(又稱為補述用法)的關係子句，用來對指稱對象已經明確的先行詞加以補充說明，通常前後有逗點隔開。關係子句的關係代名詞不可用that，也不可以省略。Boba tea, which is also known by “pearl milk tea,” is a shaken mixture of tea, 先行詞非限定關係子句 milk, sugar and tapioca balls.

The most eye-catching Taiwanese export might be the “Magic Egg,” which先行詞is popular in Japan, China, the United States, and Europe.非限定關係子句My sister, who lives in Taipei, will come here tomorrow.先行詞非限定關係子句The young man, whom I met at the train station, was very handsome.先行詞非限定關係子句

see/watch/hear/listen to + O + V/V-ing這個句型為感官動詞如see、watch、hear和listen to的用法。感官動詞後面接受詞時，若該受詞為主動發出動作者，受詞後面接原形動詞或現在分詞(V-ing)作受詞補語。1. Lucy watchedher in the kitchencook/cooking traditional dishes of turkey and pumpkin pie.2. I hearda dogbark/barking loudly last night.

S + V1..., V2-ing....對等連接詞and所連接的兩個子句的主詞相同時，可省略and及其後子句的主詞，並將其後的主動動詞改為現在分詞(V-ing)，以形成「分詞構句」，用來表示兩個動作發生的順序關係或附帶說明事情。1. Lucy got in a taxi, and she asked the driver what was happening.→ Lucy got in a taxi, asking the driver what was happening. (表後續動作)2. Cindy wrote Tim a letter, and she thanked him for his help.→ Cindy wrote Tim a letter, thanking him for his help. (表附帶狀況)

such...that... → 這是表結果的副詞子句，表示「如此…以致於…」之意，形容詞such後接可數或不可數名詞，而that引導表示「結果」的子句。1. Ghost Month is an important occasion. Businesses often offer food and burn “ghost money” for good fortune. → Ghost Month is such an important occasion that businesses often offer food and burn “ghost money” for good fortune.

2. Halloween today is a happy festival. Even adults often have parties on this night. → Halloween today is such a happy festival that even adults often have parties on this night.

It + be + said/believed/considered + (that) S + V....→ S + be + said/believed/considered + to V....→ 本句型用以表示「不是很精確的推論或看」，中文譯為「據說…；據信…」。it在句中為虛主詞，代替that子句；此外，that子句的主詞也可以提前作為整個句子的主詞。 1. It is believed that the Gate of Hell is opened on the first day of Ghost Month.→ The Gate of Hell is believed to be opened on the first day of Ghost Month.

2. It is considered that Halloween is a time for kids and adults to enjoy themselves.→ Halloween is considered to be a time for kids and adults to enjoy themselves.

...and S + Aux/be, too. → ...and so + Aux/be + S....and S + Aux/be not(...), either. → ...and neither + Aux/be +S(...).→ 此句型介紹「也」的肯定子句代換，以及not...either「也不」的否定子句代換用法。需注意的是，neither和so放句首時，其後的主詞和動詞需倒裝。

1. I know you’re interested in traditional festivals, and I am, too.→ I know you’re interested in traditional festivals, and so am I.2. Although I just mentioned “beehive” and “rocket,” there aren’t any beehives, and there are not any rockets, either.→ Although I just mentioned “beehive” and “rocket,” there aren’t any beehives, and neither are there any rockets.

as soon as→ 為表「時間」的從屬連接詞， 用以連接兩個發生時間點相當接近的子句，表示「一…就…」。1. As soon as they are lit, they shoot out and explode in all directions at once.2. We’ll send the tickets to you as soon as we get them.

N + who/which/that + be Vpp... → N + Vpp...→ 限定用法關係子句的關係代名詞及動詞可省略，以形成過去分詞片語，修飾前面的名詞。1. I have a French friend who/that is named Louis.→ I have a French friend named Louis.2. The cup which/that was broken by Tommy was expensive.→ The cup broken by Tommy was expensive.

Tag Question→ 附加問句(Tag Question)是附加於句子後面的簡短問句，說話者用以徵求聽話者對其言詞的認同或肯定，以逗點隔開。附加問句的形成主要有四項基本原則: 1. 附加問句中的主詞須為代名詞，並須與主要子句中的主詞一致。2. 附加問句中的動詞須與主要子句中的動詞一致。主要子句若用be動詞，附加問句裡也要用be動詞；主要子句若用一般動詞或含助動詞，附加問句裡要用助動詞。3. 附加問句的動詞時態須與主要子句的時態一致4. 肯定的主要子句須搭配否定的附加問句；否定的主要子句須搭配肯定的附加問句

1. Then you don’t want to talk on the telephone, do you?2. But you asked me to call you, didn’t you?3. Susan is the most beautiful girl in our class, isn’t she?4. You can speak English, can’t you?5. George and Mary will go on a picnic tomorrow, won’t they?

It + takes + O + (time) + to V....→ 此句型主要是介紹take的用法。在此句型中，it為虛主詞，代替後面的不定詞，而take表「花費」之意，後面主要接「時間」。1. He spent some time forming a plan to motivate the poor people there to clean up their environment.→ It took him some time to form a plan to motivate the poor people there to clean up their environment.

三民高職英文 1-6 冊 句 型 總 整 理