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Respiratory Distress Syndrome

The single most important cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Bianca Marie Moses. …a premature baby’s alveolus. …a premature baby’s alveolus. …a premature baby’s alveolus. O2. X. Not getting much if any O 2 in.

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Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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  1. The single most important cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants Respiratory Distress Syndrome Bianca Marie Moses

  2. …a premature baby’s alveolus

  3. …a premature baby’s alveolus

  4. …a premature baby’s alveolus O2 X Not getting much if any O2 in

  5. …a premature baby’s alveolus X CO2 …or CO2 out

  6. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange X CO2

  7. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange X X CO2

  8. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange • ↓Alveolar expansion X X CO2

  9. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange • ↓ Alveolar expansion • Alveolar collapse CO2

  10. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange • ↓ Alveolar expansion • Alveolar collapse X X X CO2

  11. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange • ↓ Alveolar expansion • Alveolar collapse X X X CO2 ↓↓↓ Lung Compliance!

  12. …a premature baby’s alveolus • ↓ Gas exchange • ↓ Alveolar expansion • Alveolar collapse X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  13. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  14. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  15. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  16. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage • Pulmonary vasoconstriction X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  17. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage • Pulmonary vasoconstriction • Atelectasis X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  18. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage • Pulmonary vasoconstriction • Atelectasis • Respiratory Acidosis X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  19. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage • Pulmonary vasoconstriction • Atelectasis • Respiratory Acidosis • Metabolic Acidosis X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  20. …a premature baby’s alveolus • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage • Pulmonary vasoconstriction • Atelectasis • Respiratory Acidosis • Metabolic Acidosis • Hypoxia X X X CO2 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  21. What a nurse looks for… • Respiratory failure • Edema • Alveolar, endothelial and epithelial damage • Pulmonary vasoconstriction • Atelectasis • Respiratory Acidosis • Metabolic Acidosis • Hypoxia Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  22. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  23. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  24. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  25. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations • Nasal flaring Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  26. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations • Nasal flaring • Apnea Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  27. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations • Nasal flaring • Apnea • “Ground Glass” pattern on x-ray • Reticulogranular Pattern Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  28. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations • Nasal flaring • Apnea • Significant retractions Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  29. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations • Nasal flaring • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  30. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Grunting respirations • Lethargy • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  31. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Tachypnea >60b/min • Weak cry • Lethargy • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  32. What a nurse looks for… • Increasing cyanosis or acrocyanosis • Hypotonia • Weak cry • Lethargy • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  33. What a nurse looks for… • Pulse Ox • 88%-93% • Hypotonia • Weak cry • Lethargy • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Respiratory Distress Syndrome: RDS

  34. What a nurse looks for… • Pulse Ox • 88%-93% • Hypotonia • Weak cry • Lethargy • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Increased Urination

  35. What a nurse looks for… • Pulse Ox • 88%-93% • Hypotonia • Weak cry • Lethargy • Bradycardia • Significant retractions Increased Urination = ↑ respiratory status

  36. Caucausian Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  37. Caucausian > Hispanic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  38. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  39. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  40. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  41. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  42. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females • Risk Factors include: Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  43. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females • Risk Factors include: • Prematurity Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  44. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females • Risk Factors include: • Prematurity • AGA, SGA, LGA Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  45. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females • Risk Factors include: • Prematurity • AGA, SGA, LGA • Born to diabetic mom Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  46. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females • Risk Factors include: • Prematurity • AGA, SGA, LGA • Born to diabetic mom • Surfactant deficiency disease Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  47. Caucausian > Hispanic or African American babies Affects males 2x more often than females • Risk Factors include: • Prematurity • AGA, SGA, LGA • Born to diabetic mom • Surfactant deficiency disease • Genetics Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

  48. A little background first

  49. Foggy Bathroom Mirror

  50. Foggy Bathroom Mirror Water sticks to the glass surface

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