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A Thesis Proposal by: Sabrina L. Cales This 20th of February, 2008

Understanding Post-Starburst Quasars and Their Role in Mutual Black Hole - Bulge Growth in Galaxies. A Thesis Proposal by: Sabrina L. Cales This 20th of February, 2008. M BH ~ 0.15% M bulge => M-  *. Gebhardt et al. 2000. Hierarchical Merging. Toomre (1977). The Antennae Galaxies

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A Thesis Proposal by: Sabrina L. Cales This 20th of February, 2008

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  1. Understanding Post-Starburst Quasars and Their Role in Mutual Black Hole - Bulge Growth in Galaxies A Thesis Proposal by: Sabrina L. Cales This 20th of February, 2008

  2. MBH ~ 0.15% Mbulge => M-* Gebhardt et al. 2000

  3. Hierarchical Merging • Toomre (1977) The Antennae Galaxies http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap971022.html http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/H/Hierarchical+Merging

  4. Di Matteo, Springel & Hernquist 2005 Di Matteo, Springel & Hernquist 2005 Simulation

  5. Di Matteo, Springel & Hernquist 2005 • Mergers induce inflows which feed the quasar • Feedback from quasar and SN extinguishes further BH growth and star formation • Crucial impact on the evolution of the galaxy Di Matteo, Springel & Hernquist 2005

  6. The Importance of Being Ultraluminous • ULIRGs predominantly merging systems • Quasar hosts are disturbed and interacting! Quasar Host Canalizo et al. 2007 ULIRGs http://www.utahskies.org/report/20021018/20021018weekly.html Quasar Hosts Bennert et al. 2008

  7. ? Evolutionary Schema Increase in star formation Coalescence, gas inflow to center (starburst and buried AGN) Rapid BH growth, expelling of dust & gas, high L/Ledd, visible merger signatures ‘Traditional’, fading of tidal features Starburst remnant from ULIRG phase, rapid reddening, some tidal features …over time begins to group Begin here… No star formation, large black hole/bulge Hopkins et al. 2007, this is a ‘doctored’ version

  8. Brotherton et al. 1999 PSQs and Prototype UN J1025-0040 • PSQs are composite objects • Quasar plus A-type population spectra • UN J1025-0040: • Companion galaxy in post-SB phase • ~400 Myr old SB • Host merger remnant + = Valdes et al. 2004 Brotherton et al. 2001 109 solar masses 100s of Myr Brotherton et al. 1999

  9. PSQ Catalog and Environments • ~600 PSQs from SDSS DR3 • Brotherton et al. 2008a, in prep • Spectroscopically selected from • quasar catalog, H • Large-scale, 10-100 kpc • PSQs have more neighbors • than quasars - 4:3 • More PSQs have neighbors • than quasars - 90%:76% • Small-scale, <10 kpc • Binned 10% by size-scale • Stacked images • Host galaxies have different • shapes • Host galaxy contributes more • in the PSQs than quasar PSQ SDSS J074621.06+335040.7 Brotherton et al. 2008b, in preparation

  10. Project Description Determine the properties and nature of PSQs • Imaging of HST Sample • Host and quasar component analysis • Infrared Properties of PSQs • Population analysis and comparison/constraining of theoretical models

  11. HST Imaging HST Sample: 29 ACS SNAPshot F606W images from target list of 80, r < 18.6, H EW >1A, 0.25 < z < 0.45 Morphologies Quasar to host light …contributions to …constrain EPS IRTF K-band Data and Analysis Cales 2008, Thesis Proposal

  12. Keck/KPNO Spectroscopy • Keck LRIS, 3100Å-1m, 2 nights, observers - M. Brotherton & G. Canalizo, reductions - G. Canalizo & S. Cales • KPNO-4m RC-Spec, 3200Å-7200Å, 4 nights, observers - Z. Shang & S. Cales, reductions - S. Cales Cales 2008, Thesis Proposal Courtesy of R. Ganguly

  13. Evolutionary Stellar Population Synthesis (EPS) • Compute spectral evolution of stellar populations • Input model parameters: age, metallicity, star formation histories, dust content • Constrained by quasar to host light contribution from HST and IRTF imaging • Sought parameters: mass and starburst age Brotherton et al. 2001 Stars from Horizons: Seeds EPS Models, Bruzual & Charlot 2001 Z=0.02, solar

  14. Quasar Component Analysis • Black hole mass via virial estimates, MBH~RV2/G using L as a proxy for R • Absorption of Balmer lines, use MgII • Eddington luminosity fractions, L/LEdd Brotherton et al. 2001

  15. IR Properties f(25m)/f(60m)<0,‘cool’ • Spitzer IRS, low resolution, 5-40m, reductions - S. Cales f(25m)/f(60m)>0,‘warm’ Dale et al. 2006, the above is ‘doctored’ • What do you get when you cross a quasar with a post-starburst population in the IR? • Color diagnostic, mid-IR slope • Forbidden line - PAH EW diagnostic

  16. How do PSQs fit in the Grand Scheme of Things? • How do other classes compare to the characteristic properties of PSQs? Is this in accord with the hypothesis? • Morphologies • Starburst ages & Quasar/Host light contribution • Black Hole demographics-MBH, L/Ledd • IR Shape • PAH features • SB/Host light contribution

  17. ULIRG How do PSQs fit in the Grand Scheme of Modeling? coalescence spiral • Models make specific predictions as to: L/Ledd, MBH, Mbulge, Colors, SB age, % contributions • Can we put classes on a time sequence? • Constrain models PSQ PS Gal quasar elliptical Di Matteo, Springel & Hernquist 2005

  18. Overview M-* ‘Blowout’ Hierarchical Merger PSQs Imaging Optical Spectra IR Spectra Grand Scheme

  19. Timeline • Winter 2008 - Candidacy Exam, HST and IRTF Imaging and PSF subtraction, Begin Paper I (Imaging of HST Sample), Begin Dissertation (Chapters 1 and 2) • Spring 2008 - Continue with HST data analysis (AGN to host galaxy light fraction), Complete and Submit Paper I to Astrophysical Journal, Continue with Dissertation (Complete Chapters 1 and 2) • Summer 2008 - Reduce Kitt Peak 4-m data, Recalibrate Keck data, EPS of optical data constrained by AGN to host galaxy light fraction, Chandra proposal (Other), Begin Paper II (EPS of optical data), Continue with Dissertation (Chapter 3) • Fall 2008 - Travel?: Porto Alegre, Brazil (M. Brotherton, Collaboration), Riverside, CA (G. Canalizo, EPS Tutorial), Finish analysis (AGN and starburst demographics) for and writing Paper II (Submit to ApJ), Prepare results for AAS meeting, Continue with Dissertation (Complete Chapter 3) • Winter 2009 - Present results at Long Beach, CA AAS meeting, Reduce Spitzer data, IR diagnostics (Color and PAH features), Begin Paper III (IR diagnostics), Continue with Dissertation (Chapter 4) • Spring 2009 - Finish IR diagnostics analysis (Color and PAH features), Complete Paper III (Submit to ApJ), Continue with Dissertation (Complete Chapter 4), Travel? China (Z. Shang, Collaboration • Summer 2009 - Collect data of other classes of objects and modeling, Herschel proposal (Other), Begin writing Paper IV (Comparisons of PSQs with objects and models), Teach a summer Astronomy 1050 Course, Continue with Dissertation (Chapters 5 and Other) • Fall 2009 - Finish analysis for and writing Paper IV, Job search and applications, Continue with Dissertation (Complete Chapter 5), Begin final analysis • Winter 2010 - Wrap up ‘Other’ if necessary, Job search and applications, Continue with Dissertation (Complete Final Chapters), Prepare for Dissertation Defense and AAS Meeting • Spring 2010 - Defend Dissertation and present at AAS Meeting, Get a Job!

  20. References Bahcall, J., Kirhakos, S., Schneider, D. 1996 Bennert, N. et al. 2008 Brotherton, M. et al. 1999 Brotherton, M. et al. 2001 Brotherton , M. et al. 2002 Brotherton , M. et al. 2008a, in preparation Brotherton , M. et al. 2008b, in preparation Bruzual & Charlot, 2001 Canalizo, G. et al. 2007 Di Matteo, Springel & Hernquist 2005 Gebhardt, K. et al. 2000 Hopkins, P. et al. 2007 Toomre, A. 1977 Valdes, F. et al. 2004 http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap971022.html http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/H/Hierarchical+Merging http://www.utahskies.org/report/20021018/20021018weekly.html

  21. Just in Case

  22. Evolutionary Schema Hopkins et al. 2007

  23. Brotherton et al. 1999 PSQs and Prototype UN J1025-0040 • Quasar to host galaxy light fraction • Constrain on evolutionary stellar population synthesis models (EPS) • Quasar and host demographics: MBH, L/LEdd, SB age, SB mass Brotherton et al. 1999 Brotherton et al. 2002

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