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RECONSTRUCTION

RECONSTRUCTION. Much of the South was destroyed during the Civil War. The states had to rebuild and RECONSTRUCT. By: Mrs. Nicholson. KEY TERMS:. Segregate- divided by race, gender or religion Prejudice (thought) an unfair opinion or thought about someone

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RECONSTRUCTION

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  1. RECONSTRUCTION Much of the South was destroyed during the Civil War. The states had to rebuild and RECONSTRUCT. By: Mrs. Nicholson

  2. KEY TERMS: • Segregate- • divided by race, gender or religion • Prejudice (thought) • an unfair opinion or thought about someone • Discrimination (action) • treating people unfairly or differently

  3. In VIRGINIA… Virginians faced social, political and economic problems: • Newly freed slaves had little food, clothing or shelter and no way to make a living. • The economy ($) had collapsed and all of their Confederate money had no value. • Railroads, bridges and crops were destroyed • Virginia did not have a functioning government anymore.

  4. FREEDMAN’S BUREAU The U.S. Congress created the Freedman’s Bureau a month before the Civil War ended • This gave help to newly freed slaves who did not have $, land or education. • It provided them with jobs, clothing, housing and medicine. • Freedman’s Bureau built schools and hired teachers.

  5. SHARECROPPING Plantation owners did not have the money to pay workers. Former slaves needed land and work. SHARECROPPING was developed. (They SHARED the CROP) • Sharecroppers worked in exchange for the use of the landowner’s land and part of the crops they harvested.

  6. NEW STATE CONSTITUTION All states that had seceded from the Union had to write a new state constitution in order to be readmitted to the United States. Virginia’s New Constitution • Banned slavery • Gave African-American MALES the right to vote • Created a public school system In 1870 Congress approved Virginia’s constitution and readmitted VA to the United States.

  7. VOTING • In 1902, African-American males and poor white males earned the freedom to vote. HOWEVER… • The constitution said that they had to pay a poll tax. It was $6.00. More African-American males and poor white males couldn’t afford to pay this. • The constitution also let election officials give literacy tests (reading) to voters. They had to pass in order to vote. • These laws were unfair! Half of the men in Virginia could not meet the requirements to vote.

  8. JIM CROW LAWS -Discriminated against African-Americans and reinforced prejudices held by white people. • African-Americans were not allowed to do things the same as whites: • Ride in the same section of the bus/train • Eat in the same restaurants • Attend the same public schools as white citizens. Jim Crow laws allowed for discrimination against African-Americans in employment. It was legal for an employer to pay an African-American less money than white workers.

  9. SEGREGATION • In the 20th Century (1900’s), society in Virginia was segregated. • African-Americans established their own churches, businesses and schools.

  10. Booker T. WashingtonHampton Institute • More than 200 schools were set up in Virginia for African-Americans • Hampton Institute- a school where African Americans could learn skills that would help them get jobs. • Booker T. Washington- attended Hampton Institute. He was born a slave then his family moved to the free state of West Virginia. He worked as a coal miner and went to school part time. He later helped to found the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama.

  11. Daughter of a slave She opened the first bank for African-Americans. First African-American women bank President in America She also started a newspaper, community center and a home for poor African-American girls. He was a slave who bought his and his family’s freedom in the 1860’s. He went on to become a respected businessman in Richmond and worked for fair treatment of African Americans. Albert Royal Brooks Maggie Lena Walker

  12. GROWTH OF CITIES After in the Reconstruction Period Virginia changed from: Rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial society. Cities grew fast and factories opened in: Richmond, Norfolk, Newport News, Petersburg and Lynchburg It was difficult for farmers: Old systems of farming were not effective. Crop prices were low People moved from the rural areas to urban areas hoping to find better jobs. Technological development in transportation, roads, railroads, and streetcars helped cities grow. Coal mining in the southwest of the state caused towns to grow.

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