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Reference Materials

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  1. Reference Materials Review Lesson Library Science • Modified from Bedford High School • Slideshare.net

  2. Six Common Types of Reference Materials • Dictionaries • Thesaurus • Encyclopedia • Atlas • Almanac • Periodicals

  3. Dictionary • Dictionaries are used to look up words. • They can be used for a variety of reasons: • Definition • Spelling & pronunciation • Word origin • Part-of-speech • There are also many different types of specialized dictionaries such as a Biographical or Geographical dictionary.

  4. Biographical Dictionary • Biographical dictionaries are used to find information about famous people. • They usually contain brief facts about the person’s life such as: birthdate, major accomplishments and events that have made the person famous. • If you wish to find MORE information, you will need to go elsewhere. 4

  5. Geographical Dictionary (Gazetteer) • Geographical dictionaries contain information about places. They ARE NOT, however, a book of maps. • Geographical dictionaries provide information about a place such as location, population, industry and famous landmarks. • The information is very brief but will provide you a starting point to go elsewhere for additional information. 5

  6. Thesaurus • A Thesaurus is used to find words that mean the same or opposite as another word. • These are called synonyms and antonyms. • They are simple to use - just look up your word and a thesaurus will give you the list of synonyms and antonyms for that word. • A Thesaurus, however, DOES NOT usually provide you with a definition (you need a dictionary for that).

  7. Encyclopedia • An Encyclopedia is used to find information about a person, place, or thing. • Articles found in an Encyclopedia are usually longer and contain more information than a Dictionary. • Encyclopedias are a great place to start to find information about a topic you know nothing about, but are not usually accepted as a source for high school students. • Example: Wikipedia!

  8. Atlas • An Atlas is a book of maps. • Atlases are used to find specific locations such as: country, state, city or geographic formation. • Many people use an atlas when they are going on vacation or traveling to another place. • There are also specialized atlases such as historical and geographic.

  9. Almanac • An Almanac is a book of facts that provide brief, useful and interesting information relating to countries of the world, sports, entertainment, etc. • They are updated every year so they always contain the most current information available. 9

  10. Do you know? • For the next few slides I will describe a situation. You must decide what type of reference material would be the BEST and FASTEST way to find the information.

  11. Challenge Question One • Your family is going on vacation to see the Mayan ruins in Mexico. You want to find more information about the ancient civilization. • Where would you find this type of information?

  12. Answer • Encyclopedia • Great Job!!!

  13. Challenge QuestionTwo • Your family is planning a vacation to Florida. You are going to Universal Studios! Your father is trying to decide what interstate he needs to take. • What reference material should he use to find this information?

  14. Answer • Atlas • Great Work!!!!

  15. Challenge QuestionThree • You want to find out which NFL player had the most touchdowns in 2008. • Which reference material would you use?

  16. Answer • Almanac • Fantastic!!!!!

  17. Challenge Question Four • You are writing an essay on Old Yeller. You want to find another word to use instead of saying ‘great’. • What reference material would you use to find another word for ‘great’?

  18. Answer • Thesaurus • Wonderful Job!!!!

  19. Challenge Question Five • Jane is beginning to write an essay in English. She is trying to find the birth date of Ernest Hemingway. • What reference material would she use to quickly find this information?

  20. Answer • Biographical Dictionary • Fantastic Job!!!!

  21. Challenge Question Six • You are looking for what state Wyomising County is located in. You have tried to find the answer in an atlas, but cannot find it. • Where else could you look?

  22. Answer • Geographical Dictionary • Excellent Job!!!!!

  23. Reference Materials • Reference materials such as dictionaries, a thesaurus, atlases, encyclopedias and almanacs help us locate information QUICKLY and EFFICIENTLY. • Remember, the Internet is a great resource, but many times information can be found easier by using a reference book!

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