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The Nixon-Kissinger Years: A Complexity of Diplomacy

Explore the significant events, policies, and strategies of Nixon's and Kissinger's diplomacy during challenging times such as the Vietnam War, the Nixon Doctrine, USSR relations, and the opening of China. Discover the intricate balance of power and ideologies that shaped global politics in the 1970s.

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The Nixon-Kissinger Years: A Complexity of Diplomacy

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  1. Nixon: The Realpolitiker The Diplomacy of Nixon & Kissinger

  2. Issue No. 1: Vietnam, The Unmitigated Disaster

  3. The Secret Plan: The Madman Theory Proves impractical….

  4. Demonstrations

  5. My Lai Massacre

  6. Cambodian Incursion

  7. Kent State

  8. Army Revolt POW’s • Nixon the Fascist

  9. POWs

  10. Charges of Fascism

  11. Solution: The Nixon Doctrine (Vietnamization) • We shall provide a shield if a nuclear power threatens the freedom of a nation allied with us or of a nation whose survival we consider vital to our security • We shall furnish military and economic assistance when requested in accordance with our treaty commitments. But we shall look to the nation directly threatened to assume the primary responsibility of providing the manpower for its defense.

  12. Issue No. 2: USSR Deterrence to Detente

  13. U.S. Issues: • Cuban Missile Crisis brings us to the brink of destruction • Vietnam draining our political, economic, and military capacity • Cost of Arms Race • MAD has achieved rough parity; good time to pause…. • Goal: Arms Control Deal

  14. Soviet Issues….

  15. Internal Dissent

  16. Josef Stalin: Butcher

  17. Nikita Khrushchev: Reformer De-Stalinization Liberalization

  18. Leonid Brezhnev: Crackdown

  19. Overturns Reforms

  20. Rebellious Satellites

  21. Prague Spring, 1968

  22. Brezhnev Doctrine "When forces that are hostile to socialism and try to turn the development of some socialist country towards capitalism, it becomes not only a problem of the country concerned, but a common problem and concern of all socialist countries.” I.E.: We will intervene!

  23. Lagging Economy Massive Shortages of Consumer Goods

  24. Shopping for Shoes

  25. Soviet economic development 10-15 years behind U.S.

  26. The Russian Federal Highway

  27. No soap; no computers

  28. U.S. GDP = 4x USSR

  29. Cost of the Arms Race

  30. China • 1969 Border Dispute • Total War Narrowly Averted • China and USSR both fear U.S. will deal with the enemy

  31. Nixon’s China Game: Normalization

  32. Kissinger’s Secret Diplomacy • Chinese isolated; Want recognition • Soviets fear U.S.-China alliance • U.S. Goal: Arms Agreement with USSR

  33. Ping Pong Diplomacy

  34. Nixon in China http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5V9sP_nDCM

  35. Arms Control • Strategic Arms Limitation (SALT) Agreement, 1972 • Offensive Weapons Control • Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, 1972 • Defensive Weapons Control

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