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Summary of GB/T 36548-2018

Summary of GB/T 36548-2018. Technical rule for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid. The GB/T36548-2018 released on 2018-07-13 by State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China. It would be implemented on 2019-02-01.

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Summary of GB/T 36548-2018

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  1. Summary of GB/T 36548-2018 Technical rule for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid The GB/T36548-2018 released on 2018-07-13 by State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China. It would be implemented on 2019-02-01.

  2. Contents

  3. Overview Link Link Link 01 Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link Link

  4. Scope The standard specifies the test specification for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid including test conditions, test equipments, test items and test methods. The standard is applied for the electrochemical energy storage system with rated power 100kW or more and storing energy time not less than 15 minutes. The electrochemical energy storage system with other rated power and storing energy time could refer the standard. 02 Return

  5. Terms and definitions Energy conversion efficiency Under rated power of electrochemical energy storage system, It indicates the ratio of output energy of discharging and input energy of charging within a cyclic process , represented by percentage. Control precision Under stable running condition, it indicates the degree of stability of output/input power control of electrochemical energy storage system when the output/input power of electrochemical energy storage system changes according to its setting, it can be calculated according to the below formula. δp = [︱(PM-PS)/PS︱] × 100% Where δp is the power control precision; PM is the average value of the second 15s working power after each step; PS is the setting power value. 03 Return

  6. Basic rules Make test plan and corresponding safety measures before testing. Complete site commissioning of all related equipments before starting test of connecting to power grid. The test content of electrochemical energy storage system includes power grid adaptability test (including frequency adaptability test, voltage adaptability test and electric energy quality test), power control test, overload capability test, electric energy quality test, protection function test, response time for charging and discharging, regulation time for charging and discharging, transfer time between charging and discharging, rated energy test, energy conversion efficiency test etc.; For electrochemical energy storage system connecting to power grid through 10 (6) kV and above voltage grade, low voltage ride through test, high voltage hide through test and communication test etc. should be conducted. Apply power grid simulator to conduct power grid adaptability test, apply power grid faults generator to conduct low voltage ride through test and high voltage ride through test. 04 Return

  7. Basic rules Test result should meet the requirements of GB/T-36547 or other related standards and be written in the form of a report. 04 Return

  8. Test conditions Environment conditions Electrochemical energy storage system should be conducted under the environment conditions. Environment temperature 5 ℃ -40 ℃; Environment humidity 15%-90%; Atmospheric pressure 86 kPa-106 kPa. Basic conditions Lightning protection grounding system of electrochemical energy storage system should meet the requirements of GB/T-21431, GB-50057 and DL/T-621; Insulation strength of connecting point device of electrochemical energy storage system should meet the requirements of GB-50150, insulation strength of alternative and direct current cable of loop of connecting point of electrochemical energy storage system should meet the requirements of GB/T-12706.1 and GB/T-12706.2; Withstanding voltage of connecting point device of electrochemical energy storage system should meet the requirements of DL/T-474.4 and DL/T-620; 05 Return

  9. Test conditions When voltage fluctuation and flicker of point of interconnection of an electrochemical energy storage system meets the requirements of GB/T-12326, voltage harmonics meets the requirements of GB/T-14549, three-phase voltage unbalance meets the requirements of GB/T-15543, inter-voltage harmonics meets the requirements of GB/T-24337, the electrochemical should be able to run normally. 05 Return

  10. Test equipments Testing equipments and apparatus Testing equipments and apparatus should meet the below requirements. Testing equipments and apparatus should be inspected and qualified and should be within period of validity; Accuracy requirements of testing equipments and apparatus are indicated in the below table. 06 Return

  11. Test equipments Property of power grid simulator for testing Power gird simulator should be able to simulate voltage amplitude, frequency and phase changing of public power grid, and comply with below technical requirements. Voltage harmonics of connecting side of power conversion system of energy storage system should be less than 50% of the allowed harmonic value that table 2 of GB/T-14549 indicated; Voltage harmonics of connecting side of power grid should be less than 50% of the allowed harmonic value that table 2 of GB/T-14549 indicated; Steady voltage variation range shouldn’t exceed 1% of nominal voltage during testing; Voltage deviation should be less than 0.2% of nominal voltage; Frequency deviation should be less than 0.01 Hz; Three-phase voltage unbalance degree should be less than 1%, and corresponding deviation should be less than 3°; For power grid simulator with non-earthed neutral point, neutral point displacement voltage should be less than 1% of phase voltage; Rated power (PN, hereinafter inclusive) should be larger than the rated power of tested electrochemical energy storage system; 06 Return

  12. Test equipments Should be able to regulate ±0.1% of rated frequency fN during a cycle; Should be able to regulate ±1% of rated voltage UN during a cycle; Step response regulation time should be less than 20 ms. Property of power grid faults generator for testing Power grid faults generator should meet the below technical requirements. Should be able to simulate three-phase symmetric voltage dip, voltage dip between phases and single-phase voltage dip, dip amplitude should include 0% - 90% range; Should be able to simulate three-phase symmetric voltage uplift, uplift amplitude should include 110% - 130%; Step response of voltage time should be less than 20 ms. 06 Return

  13. Test items and methods Power grid adaptability test 1.1 Frequency adaptability test Wiring diagram of frequency adaptability test of energy storage system is showing as appendix 1. The test item apply power grid simulator to simulate frequency changing of power grid. The test steps are: Connect energy storage system to power grid simulator. Set energy storage system to be running in charging state. Adjust frequency of power grid simulator to the range of 49.52 Hz – 50.18 Hz, select a few points in the range (at least 3 points and must inspect critical points), they should be running at each point for at least 1 min. without trip phenomenon, otherwise stop testing. Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state ,repeat step c). For energy storage system connecting to power grid through 380 kV voltage grade, 1) Set energy storage system to be running in charging state, adjust frequency of power grid simulator to the range of 49.32 Hz – 49.48 Hz, and 50.22 Hz – 50.48 Hz, select a few points in the range (at least 3 points and must inspect critical points), running at each point for at least 4 s; record state of energy storage system and corresponding motion frequency and time; 2) Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state, repeat step 1). 07 Return

  14. Test items and methods For energy storage system connecting to power grid through 10 (6) kV voltage grade, Set energy storage system to be running in charging state, adjust frequency of power grid simulator to the range of 48.02 Hz – 49.48 Hz, and 50.33 Hz – 50.48 Hz, select a few points in the range (at least 3 points and must inspect critical points), running at each point for at least 4 s; record state of energy storage system and corresponding motion frequency and time; Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state, repeat step 1); Set energy storage system to be running in charging state, adjust frequency of power grid simulator to the 50.52 Hz, running for at least 4 s; record state of energy storage system and corresponding motion frequency and time; Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state, repeat step 3); Set energy storage system to be running in charging state, adjust frequency of power grid simulator to 47.98 Hz, running for at least 4 s; record state of energy storage system and corresponding motion frequency and time; Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state, repeat step 5). 07 Return

  15. Test items and methods 1.2 Voltage adaptability test Wiring diagram of voltage adaptability test of energy storage system is showing as appendix 1. The test item apply power grid simulator to simulate voltage changing of power grid. The test steps are: Connect energy storage system to power grid simulator; Set energy storage system to be running in charging state; Adjust output voltage of power grid simulator to the range of 86% - 109% of nominal voltage of simulated power grid, select a few points in the range (at least 3 points and must inspect critical points), they should be running at each point for at least 1 min. without trip phenomenon, otherwise stop testing; Adjust output voltage of power grid simulator to below 85% of nominal voltage of simulated power grid, running for at least 1 min., record state of energy storage system and corresponding motion frequency and time; Adjust output voltage of power grid simulator to above 110% of nominal voltage of simulated power grid, running for at least 1 min., record state of energy storage system and corresponding motion frequency and time; Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state, repeat step c) – e). 07 Return

  16. Test items and methods 1.3 Electric energy quality test Wiring diagram of electric energy quality test of energy storage system is showing as appendix 1. The test item apply power grid simulator to simulate electric energy quality changing of power grid. The test steps are: Connect energy storage system to power grid simulator; Set energy storage system to be running in charging state; Adjust of harmonics, three-phase voltage symmetric unbalance degree, inter-harmonics of alternative current side of power grid simulator to the maximum value of GB/T-14549, GB/T-15543 and GB/T-24337 required respectively; Set energy storage system to be running in discharging state, repeat step c) – e). 07 Return

  17. Test items and methods Power control test 2.1 Regulation capability test of active power 2.1.1 Increasing power test As appendix 1 showing, connect energy storage system to power grid simulator (public power grid), all parameters are adjusted to normal working conditions and start increasing power test of active power regulation capacity. Test steps are: Set active power of energy storage system to 0; According to the figure in the appendix 2, adjust active power value to -0.25PN, 0.25PN, -0.5PN, 0.5PN, -0.75PN, 0.75PN, -PN, PN successively, keep for at least 30 s for each point, measure power - time of point of interconnection of energy storage system; record curve based on average value of measured active power of every 0.2 s; Calculate average value of active power of 15 s based on the second 15 s after each active power changing; Calculate control precision, response time and regulation time of active power of each point of b). 07 Return

  18. Test items and methods 2.1.2 Decreasing power test As appendix 1 showing, connect energy storage system to power grid simulator (public power grid), all parameters are adjusted to normal working conditions and start increasing power test of active power regulation capacity. Test steps are: Set active power of energy storage system to PN; According to the figure in the appendix 3, adjust active power value to -PN, 0.75PN, -0.75PN, 0.5PN, -0.5PN, 0.25PN, -0.25PN, 0successively, keep for at least 30 s for each point, measure power - time of point of interconnection of energy storage system; record curve based on average value of measured active power of every 0.2 s; Calculate average value of active power of 15 s based on the second 15 s after each active power changing; Calculate control precision, response time and regulation time of active power of each point of b). 07 Return

  19. Test items and methods 2.2 Regulation capability test of reactive power 2.2.1 Test for charging mode Connect energy storage system to power gird simulator (public power grid) according to the figure of appendix 1, set all parameters to normal working conditions, and start reactive power regulation capacity test for charging mode. The test steps are: Set charging active power of energy storage system to PN; Adjust energy storage system to working mode of maximum output of inductive reactive power; Measure power-time of point of interconnection of energy storage system and record active power and for reactive power for at least 30 s, calculate average value of active power and reactive power of the second 15 s interval based on average power of each 0.2 s as a point; Adjust charging power of energy storage system to 0.9PN, 0.8PN, 0.7PN, 0.6PN, 0.5PN, 0.4PN, 0.3PN, 0.2PN, 0.1PN and 0 respectively, repeat step b) and c); Adjust energy storage system to working mode of maximum output of capacitive reactive power, repeat step b) and c); Draw a envelope diagram of power of energy storage system with x axis of active power and y axis of reactive. 07 Return

  20. Test items and methods 2.2.1 Test for discharging mode Connect energy storage system to power gird simulator (public power grid) according to the figure of appendix 1, set all parameters to normal working conditions, and start reactive power regulation capacity test for discharging mode. The test steps are: Set discharging active power of energy storage system to PN; Adjust energy storage system to working mode of maximum output of inductive reactive power; Measure power-time of point of interconnection of energy storage system and record active power and for reactive power for at least 30 s, calculate average value of active power and reactive power of the second 15 s interval based on average power of each 0.2 s as a point; Adjust discharging power of energy storage system to 0.9PN, 0.8PN, 0.7PN, 0.6PN, 0.5PN, 0.4PN, 0.3PN, 0.2PN, 0.1PN and 0 0 respectively, repeat step b) and c); Adjust energy storage system to working mode of maximum output of capacitive reactive power, repeat step b) and c); Draw a envelope diagram of power of energy storage system with x axis of active power and y axis of reactive. 07 Return

  21. Test items and methods Note 1: positive value of reactive power represents inductive reactive power, negative value of reactive power represents capacitive reactive power. Note 2: active power is considered to be 0 when active power is regulated within ±2% PN. 2.3 Power factor regulation capacity test Connect energy storage system to power gird simulator (public power grid) according to the figure of appendix 1, set all parameters to normal working conditions, and start power factor regulation capacity test. The test steps are: Adjust discharging active power of energy storage system to 0.25PN, 0.5PN, 0.75PN, PN; Start to regulate power factor of energy storage system continuously from advanced 0.95 to behind 0.95, regulated amplitude shouldn’t be more than 0.01, measure and record real output power factor of energy storage system; Adjust charging active power of energy storage system to 0.25PN, 0.5PN, 0.75PN, PN; Start to regulate power factor of energy storage system continuously from advanced 0.95 to behind 0.95, regulated amplitude shouldn’t be more than 0.01, measure and record real output power factor of energy storage system. 07 Return

  22. Test items and methods Note 1: positive value of reactive power represents inductive reactive power, negative value of reactive power represents capacitive reactive power. Note 2: active power is considered to be 0 when active power is regulated within ±2% PN. 2.3 Power factor regulation capacity test Connect energy storage system to power gird simulator (public power grid) according to the figure of appendix 1, set all parameters to normal working conditions, and start power factor regulation capacity test. The test steps are: Adjust discharging active power of energy storage system to 0.25PN, 0.5PN, 0.75PN, PN; Start to regulate power factor of energy storage system continuously from advanced 0.95 to behind 0.95, regulated amplitude shouldn’t be more than 0.01, measure and record real output power factor of energy storage system; Adjust charging active power of energy storage system to 0.25PN, 0.5PN, 0.75PN, PN; Start to regulate power factor of energy storage system continuously from advanced 0.95 to behind 0.95, regulated amplitude shouldn’t be more than 0.01, measure and record real output power factor of energy storage system. 07 Return

  23. Test items and methods Overload capacity test Steps for overload capacity test of energy storage system are: Set energy storage system to hot standby state, set charging active power of energy storage system to 1.1 PN, run continuously for 10 min., measure power – time of point of interconnection of energy storage system, record measured curve based on average active power of each 0.2 s interval ; Set energy storage system to hot standby state, set charging active power of energy storage system to 1.2 PN, run continuously for 1 min., measure power – time of point of interconnection of energy storage system, record measured curve based on average active power of each 0.2 s interval ; Set energy storage system to hot standby state, set discharging active power of energy storage system to 1.1 PN, run continuously for 10 min., measure power – time of point of interconnection of energy storage system, record measured curve based on average active power of each 0.2 s interval ; Set energy storage system to hot standby state, set discharging active power of energy storage system to 1.2 PN, run continuously for 1 min., measure power – time of point of interconnection of energy storage system, record measured curve based on average active power of each 0.2 s interval. 07 Return

  24. Test items and methods Low voltage ride through test 4.1 Test preparation Before conducting low voltage ride through test of energy storage system that connected to power grid through 10 (6) kV or higher voltage grade, should make below preparations: Before starting low voltage ride through test, energy storage system should be working under the same controlling mode of real operation, connect energy storage system , power grid faults generator, data collection system and other related equipment according to the figure in appendix 1; Select at least 5 dropping points and distribute into the five intervals of 0%UN≤ U ≤ 5%UN, 20%UN≤ U ≤ 25%UN, 25%UN≤ U ≤ 50%UN, 50%UN≤ U ≤ 75%UN, 75%UN≤ U ≤ 90%UN, choose dropping time according to the figure in appendix 4. 4.2 No-load test No-load test should be conducted before low voltage ride through test, the tested power conversion system of energy storage system should be disconnecting state. Test steps are: Regulate power grid faults generator to simulate three-phase symmetric fault, select voltage dropping points according to the requirements of 4.1; 07 Return

  25. Test items and methods Regulate power grid faults generator to simulate AB, AC ,CA inter-phase fault or earthing short circuit fault in the below table, select voltage dropping point according to the requirements of 4.1; Record voltage curve of point of interconnection of energy storage system. 4.3 Loaded test Start low voltage ride through loaded test after result of no-load test meeting requirements, the configuration of power grid faults generator of loaded test should be consistent with the configuration of power grid faults generator of no-load test. Test steps are: 07 Return

  26. Test items and methods Connect energy storage system that is disconnected in no-load test to power grid; Regulate output power of energy storage system to the range of 0.1PN – 0.3PN; Control power grid faults generator to conduct three-phase symmetric voltage dropping; Record oscillogram of voltage and current of point of interconnection of energy storage system, start recording the data at least 10 s earlier before voltage dropping and stop recording at least 6 s later after voltage becoming normal. Control power grid faults generator to conduct asymmetric voltage dropping test; Record oscillogram of voltage and current of point of interconnection of energy storage system, start recording the data at least 10 s earlier before voltage dropping and stop recording at least 6 s later after voltage becoming normal. Regulate output power of energy storage system to PN; Repeat step c) – f). 07 Return

  27. Test items and methods High voltage ride through test 5.1 Test preparation Before conducting high voltage ride through test of energy storage system that connected to power grid through 10 (6) kV or higher voltage grade, should make below preparations: Before starting high voltage ride through test, energy storage system should be working under the same controlling mode of real operation, connect energy storage system , power grid faults generator, data collection system and other related equipment according to the figure in appendix 1; Select at least 2 dropping points and distribute into the two intervals of 110%UN≤ U ≤ 120%UN, 120%UN≤ U ≤ 130%UN, choose dropping time according to the high voltage ride through curve in appendix 5. 5.2 No-load test No-load test should be conducted before high voltage ride through test, the tested power conversion system of energy storage system should be disconnecting state. Test steps are: Regulate power grid faults generator to simulate three-phase symmetric fault, select voltage dropping points according to the requirements of 4.1; 07 Return

  28. Test items and methods Record voltage curve of point of interconnection of energy storage system. 5.3 Loaded test Start high voltage ride through loaded test after result of no-load test meeting requirements, the configuration of power grid faults generator of loaded test should be consistent with the configuration of power grid faults generator of no-load test. Test steps are: Connect energy storage system that is disconnected in no-load test to power grid; Regulate output power of energy storage system to the range of 0.1PN – 0.3PN; Control power grid faults generator to conduct three-phase symmetric voltage dropping; Record oscillogram of voltage and current of point of interconnection of energy storage system, start recording the data at least 10 s earlier before voltage dropping and stop recording at least 6 s later after voltage becoming normal. Regulate output power of energy storage system to PN; Repeat step c) – f). 07 Return

  29. Test items and methods Electric energy quality 6.1 Three-phase voltage unbalance test Energy storage system should be test under charging and discharging respectively, and conduct three-phase voltage unbalance test according to the requirements of GB/T-15543. 6.2 Harmonics test Energy storage system should be test under charging and discharging respectively, and conduct three-phase voltage unbalance test according to the requirements of GB/T-14549 and inter harmonics test according to the requirements of GB/T-24337. 6.3 Direct current component test 6.3.1 Steps of direct current component test for charging state are: Connect energy storage system to power grid simulator (public power grid), set all parameters to working conditions, and set power factor to 1; Regulate output current of energy storage system to 33% of rated current of energy storage system, an keep it for 1 min.; 07 Return

  30. Test items and methods Measure current of each phase, effective value of current, direct current component (frequency ＜ 1 Hz is considered as direct current) of output port, test with the same rate of collecting and time window for 5 min.; When the error between average of effective value of each phase voltage and rated voltage is less than 5% and the error between average of effective value of each phase current and rated current is less than 5%, apply absolute value of each measuring point to calculate the average value of direct current component amplitude of each phase current; Regulate output current of energy storage system to 66% and 100% of rated current respectively, keep it for 1 min., and repeat step c) and d). 6.3.1 Steps of direct current component test for discharging state are: Connect energy storage system to power grid simulator (public power grid), set all parameters to working conditions, and set power factor to 1; Regulate input current of energy storage system to 33% of rated current of energy storage system, an keep it for 1 min.; 07 Return

  31. Test items and methods Measure current of each phase, effective value of current, direct current component (frequency ＜ 1 Hz is considered as direct current) of input port, test with the same rate of collecting and time window for 5 min.; When the error between average of effective value of each phase voltage and rated voltage is less than 5% and the error between average of effective value of each phase current and rated current is less than 5%, apply absolute value of each measuring point to calculate the average value of direct current component amplitude of each phase current; Regulate input current of energy storage system to 66% and 100% of rated current respectively, keep it for 1 min., and repeat step c) and d). Protection function test 7.1 Power grid involved protection test Power grid involved test of energy storage system should be comply with the requirements of DL/T-955. 7.2 Non-scheduled isolated protection test The test is for performance of non-scheduled isolated protection function of energy storage system. Test circuit is showing in appendix 6. Test steps are: 07 Return

  32. Test items and methods For three-phase and four-wire system, the diagram in appendix 6 represents phase wire connecting to neutral wire; For three-phase and three-wire system, the diagram in appendix 6 represents inter-phase wire connection; Set constant value of isolated protection of energy storage system, regulate discharging power of energy storage system to rated power; Set nominal voltage of energy storage system as voltage of power grid simulator (public power grid), set rated frequency of energy storage system as frequency of power grid simulator (public power grid); regulate load quality factor Q to 1.0 ± 0.05. Close switch S1, S2, S3, until energy storage system reach the value of step b) required; Regulate load until fundamental component of each phase current that goes through switch S3 less than 2% of stable rated current of each phase of energy storage system; Disconnect switch S3, record the time from disconnecting switch S3 to energy storage system stopping supplying power to load, namely disconnecting time; 07 Return

  33. Test items and methods In the range of 95% - 105% of initial balance load, regulate reactive load to increase as 1% increment (or regulate reactive power of energy storage system to increase as 1% increment ), if disconnecting time increases , additional 1% increment of reactive load (or reactive power) is required, until disconnecting time doesn’t increase any more; When initial balance load is 95% or 105%, disconnecting time is still increasing, additional decreasing or increasing of 1% of reactive load (or reactive power) is required, until disconnecting time doesn’t increase any more; For test result, the top 3 of long disconnecting time points should be conducted 2 additional repeated tests; when the top 3 of long disconnecting time points appearing at non-continuous 1% load increment, the third long disconnecting time point should be conducted 2 additional repeated tests; Regulate output power of energy storage system to 66%, 33% of rated power, repeat step c) – i). Note: For three-phase and four-wire system, L represents phase wire, N represents neutral wire; For three-phase and three-wire system, both L and N represent phase wire. 07 Return

  34. Test items and methods Response time for charging and discharging 8.1 Response time for charging test With condition of charging with rated power, regulate energy storage system to hot standby state to test response time for charging. Test steps are: Record the time that energy storage system receives signal, noted as tc1; Record the time that charging power of energy storage system reaches 90% of rated power for the first time, noted as tc2; Calculate response time for charging RTC according to the below formula: RTC = tc2 - tc1 Repeat step a) – c) twice, response time for charging should be the largest value of the three test results. 8.1 Response time for discharging test With condition of discharging with rated power, regulate energy storage system to hot standby state to test response time for discharging. Test steps are: 07 Return

  35. Test items and methods Record the time that energy storage system receives signal, noted as tD1; Record the time that discharging power of energy storage system reaches 90% of rated power for the first time, noted as tD2; Calculate response time for discharging RTC according to the below formula: RTD= tD2 - tD1 Repeat step a) – c) twice, response time for discharging should be the largest value of the three test results. Regulation time for charging and discharging 9.1 Regulation time for charging test With condition of charging with rated power, regulate energy storage system to hot standby state to test regulation time for charging. Test steps are: Record the time that energy storage system receives signal, noted as tC3; Record the initial time that the deviation of charging power of energy storage system keeps within 2% of rated power, noted as tC4; 07 Return

  36. Test items and methods Calculate regulation time for charging ATC according to the below formula: ATc= tc4 – tc3 Repeat step a) – c) twice, response time for charging should be the largest value of the three test results. 9.2 Regulation time for discharging test With condition of discharging with rated power, regulate energy storage system to hot standby state to test regulation time for discharging. Test steps are: Record the time that energy storage system receives signal, noted as tD3; Record the initial time that the deviation of discharging power of energy storage system keeps within 2% of rated power, noted as tD4; Calculate regulation time for discharging ATC according to the below formula: ATD= tD4 – tD3 Repeat step a) – c) twice, response time for discharging should be the largest value of the three test results. 07 Return

  37. Test items and methods Transfer time between charging and discharging 10.1 Transfer time from charging to discharging test With condition of charging or discharging with rated power, regulate energy storage system to hot standby state to test regulation time for discharging. Test steps are: Set energy storage system charging with rated power, send discharging instruction to energy storage system with rated power, record the transferring time t1 from 90% rated charging power to 90% rated discharging power; Repeat step a) twice, transfer time from charging to discharging be the largest value of the three test results. 10.2 Transfer time from discharging to charging test With condition of charging or discharging with rated power, regulate energy storage system to hot standby state to test regulation time for discharging. Test steps are: Set energy storage system discharging with rated power, send charging instruction to energy storage system with rated power, record the transferring time t2 from 90% rated charging power to 90% rated discharging power; 07 Return

  38. Test items and methods Repeat step a) twice, transfer time from discharging to charging be the largest value of the three test results. Rated energy test With state of stable running, energy storage system is charging or discharging with rated power, test the charging energy and discharging energy of energy storage system. Test steps are: Discharge with rated power, stop discharging when it meets discharging ending condition; Charge with rated power, stop charging when it meets charging ending condition. Record charging energy EC and auxiliary energy consumption WC of energy storage system during the charging process; Discharge with rated power, stop discharging when it meets discharging ending condition. Record discharging energy ED and auxiliary energy consumption WD of energy storage system during the discharging process; Repeat step b) and step c) twice, record each charging and discharging energy ECn, Edn and auxiliary energy consumption WCn, WDn; Calculate average value according to below formula 1 and formula 2, EC and ED is noted as rated charging energy and rated discharging energy of energy storage system. 07 Return

  39. Test items and methods EC = (EC1+WC1+EC2+WC2+EC3+WC3)/3 formula 1 ED = (ED1-WD1+EC2-WD2+ED3-WD3)/3 formula 2 Where: ECn represents charging energy of the n-th cycle, unit is W · h； EDn represents discharging energy of the n-th cycle, unit is W · h； WCn represents auxiliary energy consumption during the n-th cycle charging process, unit is W · h； WDn represents auxiliary energy consumption during the n-th cycle discharging process, unit is W · h. Note 1: For energy storage system that provides auxiliary energy consumption by itself, WCn = 0, WDn = 0. Note 2: Discharging ending condition and charging ending condition should takes parameters such as voltage, current and temperature etc., however the ending condition of testing should be unique and consistent with the ending condition applied on site. 07 Return

  40. Test items and methods Rated energy conversion efficiency test With state of stable running, energy storage system is charging or discharging with rated power, test the rated energy storage system of energy storage system. Test steps are: Discharge with rated power, stop discharging when it meets discharging ending condition; Charge with rated power, stop charging when it meets charging ending condition. Record charging energy EC and auxiliary energy consumption WC of energy storage system during the charging process; Discharge with rated power, stop discharging when it meets discharging ending condition. Record discharging energy ED and auxiliary energy consumption WD of energy storage system during the discharging process; Repeat step b) and step c) twice, record each charging and discharging energy ECn, Edn and auxiliary energy consumption WCn, WDn; Calculate energy conversion efficiency according to the below formula: η = 1/3 × ((ED1-WD1)/(EC1+WC1)+(ED2-WD2)/(EC2+WC2)+(ED3-WD3)/(EC3+WC3)) × 100% Where: η is energy conversion efficiency; ECn represents charging energy of the n-th cycle, unit is W · h； 07 Return

  41. Test items and methods EDn represents discharging energy of the n-th cycle, unit is W · h； WCn represents auxiliary energy consumption during the n-th cycle charging process, unit is W · h； WDn represents auxiliary energy consumption during the n-th cycle discharging process, unit is W · h. Communication test 13.1 Energy storage system connected to power grid through 10 (6) kV voltage grade with connecting state should be tested according to the related requirements of GB/T-13729. 13.2 State and parameter of test The testing state and parameters between energy storage system and power grid dispatching system should include at least: Electrical analog: frequency of point of interconnection, voltage, current into power grid, input active and reactive power, power factor, electric energy quality etc.; Electric energy and state of charge: chargeable / dischargeable energy, charging energy, discharging energy, state of charge etc.; 07 Return

  42. Test items and methods State: state of switchgear of point of interconnection, state of charging and discharging, fault message, state of remote terminal, state of communication, state of AGC (Automatic Generation Control) etc; Other information: other information that agreement of dispatching of connecting power grid required. 07 Return

  43. Appendix 1 Wiring diagram of electrochemical energy storage system testing 08 Return

  44. Appendix 2 figure of increasing power test curve Note 1 Under the same collecting speed , take 200 ms as dada calculation time window. Note 2 Discharging power of energy storage system is positive and charging power is negative. 08 Return

  45. Appendix 3 figure of decreasing power test curve Note 1 Under the same collecting speed , take 200 ms as dada calculation time window. Note 2 Discharging power of energy storage system is positive and charging power is negative. 08 Return

  46. Appendix 4 diagram of low voltage ride through of electrochemical energy storage system 08 Return

  47. Appendix 5 diagram of high voltage ride through of electrochemical energy storage system 08 Return

  48. Appendix 6 function test of non-scheduled isolated protection 08 Return

  49. Thank you

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