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World History Unit 1 Key Notes

World History Unit 1 Key Notes. Early Civilizations. Civilizations. Mesopotamia Egypt Hebrews Phoenicians. Mesopotamia. Farming in the area allowed for the emergence of civilization. Fertile cresent Agriculture allowed people to settle down, social and cultural prosperity

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World History Unit 1 Key Notes

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  1. World History Unit 1 Key Notes Early Civilizations

  2. Civilizations • Mesopotamia • Egypt • Hebrews • Phoenicians

  3. Mesopotamia • Farming in the area allowed for the emergence of civilization. • Fertile cresent • Agriculture allowed people to settle down, social and cultural prosperity • Code of Hammurabi • First written law code • “Eye for an eye” • Social inequality • Cuneiform = wedge-shaped form of writing

  4. Mesopotamia

  5. Mesopotamian Religion • Ziggurat = political and religious center • Polytheistic = belief in multiple gods • Tigris and Euphrates Rivers • Unpredictable flooding led to the development of religion • People believed the gods were angry when the rivers flooded

  6. Mesopotamian Government • City-state: political unit that included a city and its surrounding lands and villages • Instable because of constant warfare with each other

  7. Egypt • Pharaoh = religious and political leader (theocracy) • Pyramids are a symbol of the Pharaohs’ divine power • Hieroglyphics = Egyptian form of writing with symbols and pictographs

  8. Judaism a.k.a. Hebrews • Monotheistic = belief in one god • Different from polytheistic Mesopotamian and Egyptian religions • Torah = holy book, first five books of the Old Testament

  9. Zoroastrianism • Monotheistic • Created by Zoroaster • Believed in one universal god • Struggle of good vs. evil

  10. Phoenicians • Traded throughout the Mediterranean, spreading language and culture • Created the Phoenician alphabet • Most similar to present-day English alphabet

  11. Phoenician Trade

  12. Key terms • Monotheism • Polytheism • Hieroglyphics • Cuneiform • Pyramid • Ziggurat • Hammurabi’s Law Code • Hebrews (Judaism) • Zoroastrianism • Pharaoh • City-state • Theocracy • Phoenician alphabet

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