Sanitation

1. Sanitation Relevant Issues

2. The twin pit solution October 2, 2019 as the target date for rural India to be Open Defecation Free In rural north India, at least half the toilets that are functioning are not used by all members of the household all the time delay it  filling and to postpone all the costs and  pollution entailed in getting it emptied

3. solution widely favoured by rural people is to construct a septic tank • costs of the tanks ranging from Rs 20,000 to Rs 70,000 • The government recommendation is the much smaller and cheaper twin pit

5. How it Works • The practice is to fill one, which may take the average family five to eight years, cover it over when nearly full, and leave it to stand while the second pit is used • After about a year, the contents of the first pit have turned into harmless— and valuable — fertiliser

6.  A family’s waste turns from being a liability in a septic tank to a growing asset

7. ParameshwaranIyer, the secretary in charge of the Swachh Bharat Mission

8. TWIn PIT SOLUTION • cheaper to build, harmless, easy for owners themselves to dig out, and with a valuable product, giving an incentive for use by everyone all the time, with every deposit an investment in future fertiliser. • Will they rise to the challenge and show that the pits bring profit, not pollution? This is no small issue

10. India Needs to adopt Nature Friendly Sanitation • https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/environment/india-needs-to-adopt-nature-friendly-sanitation-technologies-54403

11. NSKFDC

12. National SafaiKaramcharis Finance & Development Corporation • National SafaiKaramcharis Finance & Development Corporation (NSKFDC), a wholly owned Govt. of India Undertaking under the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (M/o SJ&E) was set up on 24th January 1997 as a Company “Not for Profit” under Section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956with an authorized Share capital of Rs. 600 crores

13. MISSION To empower the Target group and its dependants to break away from traditional occupation, depressed social conditions & poverty and leverage them to work their own way up the social and economic ladder with dignity and pride. Loan (Business Loan ,Education Loan ) ,NON Loan (Skill Development Service )

14. For Ex - Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is implementing a Central Sector Scheme, ‘Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitationof Manual Scavengers’ (SRMS) under which identified manual scavengers and their dependents are provided the following rehabilitation benefits: 

15. Onetime cash assistance of Rs.40000/-. • Loans upto Rs. 15.00 lacs at concessional rate of interest. • Credit linked back end capital subsidy upto Rs. 3,25,000/-. • Skill Development Training upto two years with stipend of Rs.3000/- per month.

16. Mahatma Gandhi International Sanitation Convention

17. Mahatma Gandhi International Sanitation Convention • The MGISC was a 4-day event that brought together Sanitation Ministers and sector specialists from around the world. • It was organised by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India.

19. main purpose of MGISC? What did it achieve? • The Convention brought together Ministers of sanitation, heads of international agencies, and international sanitation experts to discuss solutions to sanitation issues. • Participants shared success stories, exchange best practices and engage in frank discussions around sanitation. • the event culminated with the launch of Mahatma Gandhi’s 150th birth year celebrations.

20. Check National Scheduled Castes Finance and Development Corporation National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation

21. South Asian Conference on Sanitation (SACOSAN),

22. South Asian Conference on Sanitation (SACOSAN), • South Asian Conference on Sanitation (SACOSAN), a government led biennial convention held on a rotational basis in each SACOSAN member country (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka). • SACOSAN has a glorious history of being a truly regional event. It has been instrumental in generating a political will towards better sanitation in the region over a decade with the following broader objectives;

23. To accelerate the progress in sanitation and hygiene promotion in South Asia; • To reiterate political commitment in each country of the region for furthering the sanitation agenda; • To share experiences and lessons learnt in sanitation and hygiene promotion;

26. The Government of India launched Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) (Clean India Mission) on October 2, 2014 to accelerate efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage, improve cleanliness and eliminate open defecationin India by 2019

27. Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)” The Government of India has launched “Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)” on 2nd October, 2014 with the following objectives:- (i) Eliminate open defecation, (ii) Conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, (iii) Eradication of manual scavenging, (iv) 100% collection and scientific processing/disposal reuse/recycle of Municipal Solid Waste, 

28. (v) To bring about a behavioral change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices,  (vi) Generate awareness among the citizens about sanitation and its linkages with public health. (vii) Strengthening of urban local bodies to design, execute and operate systems, (viii) To create enabling environment for private sector participation in Capital Expenditure and Operation & Maintenance (O&M) costs. 

29. The Mission has following components:- (i) Construction of Household Toilets, (ii) Community and Public Toilets, (iii) Solid Waste Management, (iv) Information, Education & Communication (IEC) and Public Awareness, (v) Capacity Building and Administrative & Office Expenses (A&OE)

30. SBM(G) • Bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the rural areas, by promoting cleanliness, hygiene and eliminating open defecation • b) Accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas to achieve the vision of Swachh Bharat by 2 nd October 2019 • c) Motivate communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions to adopt sustainable sanitation practices and facilities through awareness creation and health education

31. d)Encourage cost effective and appropriate technologies for ecologically safe and sustainable sanitation • e) Develop, wherever required, community managed sanitation systems focusing on scientific Solid & Liquid Waste Management systems for overall cleanliness in the rural areas • f) Create significant positive impact on gender and promote social inclusion by improving sanitation especially in marginalized communitie

33. SBK Objective of Setting-up the Fund (Kosh): • The Swachh Bharat Kosh has been set up to facilitate channelization of philanthropic contributions and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds towards this cause.

35. Governing Council: The Swachh Bharat Kosh (henceforth called Kosh) would be administered by a Governing Council chaired by Secretary, Department of Expenditure. Admissible Activities: Construction of community/individual toilets in rural areas, urban areas, in elementary, secondary and senior secondary government schools, aanganwaadis

36. Renovation and repair of dysfunctional community/individual toilets in elementary, secondary and senior secondary government schools, aanganwadis; • c) Construction activity for water supply to the constructed toilets; • d) Training and skill development to facilitate maintenance of constructed toilets and to ensure its inter-linkages with education on hygiene;

37. e) Other initiatives of improving sanitation and cleanliness in rural and urban areas including solid and liquid waste management; • f) Any other activity to improve sanitation in the country as decided by the Governing Council.

38. Proposing of Projects The line Ministries will propose projects to the Governing Council pertaining to the above activities. The states can also apply for the funds of the Kosh through the respective line Ministries However, specific suggestions regarding creation of assets, coming from donors making contributions of more than Rs. 10 crores, may be considered by the line Ministries,

39. Approval and Release of funds: The Governing Council will meet at least once every quarter, or sooner, if required, to assess the feasibility of funding the projects/activities proposed by the line Ministries

40. Monitoring • The progress of activities undertaken from the Kosh will be reviewed by the Finance Minister on a quarterly basis and by the Prime Minister from time to time. Audit Chief Controller of Accounts, Ministry of Finance, once every quarter independent auditor from a board of auditors appointed by the CAG

41. OD Survey National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey World Bank and SwachhBharath Focus on results • PforR’s unique features include using a country’s own institutions and processes, and linking disbursement of funds directly to the achievement of specific program results.

42. World Bank Project basically provides for incentivising States on the basis of their performance in the existing SBM-G • Under the approved project, the performance of the States will be gauged through certain performance indicators, called the Disbursement-Linked Indicators (DLIs).. 

43. According to the World Bank support project design, SBM-G performance of the states against the disbursement linked indicators (DLI) is to be measured through conducting national annual rural sanitation survey (NARSS) the National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey (NARSS) is to be conducted by an Independent Verification Agency (IVA) for ensuring credibility and objectivity of survey results

44. EOI Competitive Bidding IPE Global was selected for undertaking the NARSS across the country

46. The total sample size at the national level will be 6136 villages covering 92,040 households

47. Survey Questionnaire • The NARSS would primarily focus on access, functionality, and usage of toilets by individuals (instead of household level) besides verifying the solid and liquid waste management practices. • Head of the household or any available adult member of the family would be interviewed for administering household schedule

48. Survey Result • By March 2018, 77% of rural households had access to toilets, and that 93.4% of individuals in those households use their latrines regularly

49. SWACHH SURVEKSHAN GRAMIN-2018 develop ranking of all districts of India on the basis of quantitative and qualitative sanitation (Swachhata) parameters

50. The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MDWS) intends to undertake “SwachhSurvekshan Grameen2018” to provide national ranking of all districts of India on the basis quantitative and qualitative sanitation (Swachhata) parameters.