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The Power of Simple Machines: Ease Work Effortlessly

Discover the essence of simple machines and how they make work easier by multiplying force, speed, and changing direction. Explore levers, pulleys, pulley systems, wheel and axle, inclined planes, gears, and precautionary measures. Dive into the world of complex machines that combine various simple machines to operate effectively.

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The Power of Simple Machines: Ease Work Effortlessly

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  1. UNIT 14 – SIMPLE MACHINES

  2. Simple machine • a device that is generally made of one moving part • helps in making work easier • Simple machines make work easier by: • Multiplying force • Multiplying speed • Changing the direction

  3. LEVER • a bar that is free to turn about a fixed point • 3 parts of a lever: 1. fulcrum – pivot point or point at which the lever is resting 2. load – or resistance that needs to be carried or overcome 3. effort – or force needed to lift/carry or overcome the load

  4. Parts of a lever

  5. Effort needed to lift or move a load can be reduced by: • moving the fulcrum closer to the load • applying the effort further from the fulcrum

  6. 3 TYPES OF LEVERS: • First Class Lever = LOAD – FULCRUM – EFFORT • Second Class Lever = FULCRUM – LOAD – EFFORT -function of first class and second class levers is to multiply the effort applied in order to produce greater force • Third Class Lever = FULCRUM – EFFORT – LOAD - function of the third class levers is to multiply the speed of the effort applied so that work is done faster

  7. FIRST CLASS SECOND CLASS THIRD CLASS 3 Types of Levers

  8. FIRST CLASS LEVERS

  9. SECOND CLASS LEVERS

  10. THIRD CLASS LEVERS

  11. PULLEY – helps us to lift an object 3 Types of Pulleys: 1.FIXED PULLEY – a pulley fixed to a support - effort moves downwards while load moves upwards - function = to change direction of the effort applied - does not reduce the effort needed to lift the load; effort and load move the same distance

  12. FIXED PULLEYS

  13. Types of Pulleys • MOVABLE PULLEY - a pulley that is not fixed to a support - the pulley moves together with the load - effort and load move in the same direction - function is to reduce the effort applied - effort moves a greater distance than the load

  14. MOVABLE PULLEYS

  15. Types of pulleys • PULLEY SYSTEM – made up of more than one pulley to lift a load - made up of fixed pulleys and movable pulleys - function is to multiply the effort applied to produce a greater force to lift the load - commonly used on ships; usually called a block and tackle

  16. PULLEY SYSTEMS

  17. WHEEL AND AXLE • Made up of a wheel fixed to a rod called the axle. • The wheel is bigger than the axle. • When the wheel turns, the axle turns too. • The wheel moves a greater distance than the axle. • Function is to multiply the effort applied to produce greater force. • The wheel multiplies the effort applied to move a load at the axle

  18. WHEEL AND AXLE

  19. INCLINED PLANE • A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights • Easier to pull or push a load up an inclined plane • Function is to reduce the effort applied • The effort moves the objects over a greater distance

  20. INCLINED PLANES

  21. GEARS • Wheels with teeth on them • Function is to change the direction of the effort • Multiply the speed of the effort • When gears interlock, they turn together

  22. GEARS

  23. PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES IN USING SIMPLE MACHINES • Use the right type of simple machines for the right job to prevent injury caused by bending or breaking levers. • Secure pulleys properly before using them and ensure that pulleys can withstand the load being lifted. • Simple machines that are sharp should be handled with care. Always cover the sharp edges when storing or transporting them.

  24. COMPLEX MACHINES • COMPLEX MACHINES – consists of several simple machines put together in order to work or operate • Parts of an airplane: - wheels - engines - wings - tail

  25. COMPLEX MACHINES

  26. http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Phys_img081.jpghttp://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Phys_img081.jpg • http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/images/machines_levers-pliers.gif • http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/PhysicalScience/images/bottle-opener.jpg • http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/l/e/lever/wheelbarrow001.jpg • http://juniorengineering.usu.edu/workshops/machines/images/lever6.jpg • http://www.climatechangematters.net.au/LOTS/Phy/sub/levers/images/thumb_Lever1.gif • http://www.gmasononline.com/LEVER3.gif • http://www.legoeducation.us/sharedimages/content/ExtraLarge/XL_DOORKNOB.jpg

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