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Thought Questions

Thought Questions. We are finding the space is vast and full of stars. Are we just a small insignificant part of the universe?. “We are a way that the universe can know itself.”. Planet Comparisons. Property Terrestrial Planets Jovian Planets.

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Thought Questions

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  1. Thought Questions We are finding the space is vast and full of stars. Are we just a small insignificant part of the universe?

  2. “We are a way that the universe can know itself.”

  3. Planet Comparisons Property Terrestrial Planets Jovian Planets Distance Close Far from the Sun Size Small Large Mass Small Large Composition Rocky Solar-like Density High Low

  4. Bode’s Law • a simple rule that gives the distances of the planets from the Sun where N=0, 3, 6, 12, 24…for Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, etc.

  5. Planet N Bode’s Law Radii True Orbital Radii Mercury 0 (0+4)/10 = 0.4 AU 0.39 AU Venus 3 (3+4)/10 = 0.7 AU 0.72 AU Earth 6 (6+4)/10 = 1.0 AU 1.00 AU Mars 12 (12+4)/10 = 1.6 AU 1.52 AU ____ 24 (24+4)/10 = 2.8 AU _______ Ceres 24 2.88 AU Jupiter 48 (48+4)/10 = 5.2 AU 5.2 AU Saturn 96 (96+4)/10 = 10.0 AU 9.5 AU Uranus 192 (192+4)/10 = 19.6 AU 19.2 AU Neptune ? ? 30.1 AU Pluto 384 (384+4)/10 = 38.8 AU 39.5 AU

  6. What does Bode’s Law tell us? • Bode's Law predicted that there should be a planet between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. • The "missing planet" turned out to be the asteroid belt.

  7. The Origin of the Solar SystemFour Challenges 1. Patterns of Motion Planets orbit in the same direction... ...in nearly the same plane... ...in nearly circular orbits. Most planets rotate in the same direction. Most moons orbit in the same direction. 2. Categorizing Planets Planets are either rocky or gas-rich.

  8. The Origin of the Solar SystemFour Challenges 3. Asteroids and Comets Most asteroids are found between Mars and Jupiter. Most comets have highly elliptical orbits. 4. Exceptions to the Rules What about Pluto’s elliptical orbit and composition? What about the odd rotation of Venus and Uranus?

  9. Formation of the Solar System • The solar system is thought to have formed from a cloud of gas and dust in a process know as accretion. • Our Sun is thought to be a second generation star. • What does that mean?

  10. During the first few million years, matter in the accretion disk of our protosun coalesced… • ...in the larger objects called planetesimals, with diameters of about 100 km.

  11. We see evidence of accretion disk around other stars. • For example, b Pictoris.

  12. Collisions of planetesimals dominated the early solar system… • ...and these objects combined to form our planets. • We see evidence of early collisions in our solar system in the form of impact craters on the planets and their moons.

  13. Hum…

  14. In addition to the 9 major planets, there are at least 100 moons in our solar system. • While some of these moons are spherical, most look roughly like potatoes.

  15. There is still minor debris left over from the formation of the solar system: • asteroids and comets.

  16. Compare these spectra. Spectrum of Hydrogen in Lab Spectrum a Star…..Day 1 Spectrum a Star…..Day 2 Spectrum a Star…..Day 3 Spectrum a Star…..Day 4 What do these spectra tell us about the star?

  17. Compare these spectra. Spectrum of Hydrogen in Lab Spectrum a Star…..Day 1 Spectrum a Star…..Day 2 Spectrum a Star…..Day 3 Spectrum a Star…..Day 4 Spectrum a Star…..Day 5 What do these spectra tell us about the star?

  18. Planets outside of our solar system have been found recently using Doppler shifts in the spectra of some stars. • http://observe.phy.sfasu.edu/courses/ast105/lectures105/chapter06/oscillation_of_absorp_line.htm

  19. Latest News

  20. End of Sectionhttp://observe.phy.sfasu.edu/courses/ast105/lectures105/chapter06/

  21. 1. Reddish color of Mars 2. Red-orange color of Jupiter's belts 3. Venus' yellowish clouds 4. Blue-green color of the surface of Uranus and Neptune 5. The yellow and orange color of Io a. ammonia clouds b. sulfur powder c. sulfuric acid clouds d. methane clouds e. iron Daily GradeMatching

  22. 6. Has an almost featureless surface 7. The brightest planet seen from Earth 8. The most distant planet in 1996 9. Last planet in our solar system to be discovered 10. A possible fossil of single-cell life was found on a meteorite from this planet a. Sun b. Mercury c. Venus d. Earth e. Mars f. Jupiter g. Saturn h. Uranus i. Neptune j. Pluto Daily GradeMatching

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