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STRESS PART 1A

STRESS PART 1A. BEGINNING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT STRESS. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES. Cultural differences have also shown to have some major effects on stress coping problems. Eastern Asian employees may deal with certain work situations differently than a Western North American employee would.

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STRESS PART 1A

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  1. STRESS PART 1A BEGINNING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT STRESS

  2. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Cultural differences have also shown to have some major effects on stress coping problems. Eastern Asian employees may deal with certain work situations differently than a Western North American employee would. In order to manage stress in the workplace, employers can provide stress managing programs such as therapy, communication programs, and a more flexible work schedule. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  3. Gender, Culture and Stress Response Differences in gender and culture are found to have significant influences in how humans respond to stressors and stressful situations. These differences require a deeper understanding in order for a person to learn how he responds to stress, and whether his stress response is still healthy or not. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  4. GENDERSTRESS AFFECTS PHYSICALLY & PSYCHOLOGICALLY Gender and Stress The ways in which stress is physically and psychologically experienced may vary because of sex difference, according to psychologists who focused their study on the relationship between gender and stress response. In 1972, Johansson & Post conducted a study which involved equal number of male and female participants. They were subjected to a particular non-stressful situation, and were then transferred to a stressful circumstance. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  5. MALE VS. FEMALE STRESS RESPONSE The results of the study showed that both male and female participants showed an increased in adrenaline levels, yet the adrenaline levels of men was much higher as compare to women. Because of this, the physiological stress response of women was lower compare to men. Johansson & Post concluded that the results might be because of three reasons. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  6. 3 REASONS FOR GENDER DIFFERIENCES Men and women differ biologically in terms of hormones. Men are typically more aggressive in physical terms than women. This was supported by Hastrup, et.al. in 1980, proving that hormonal levels truly affect stress response in women throughout their menstrual cycle. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  7. Men and women differ in traditional gender roles, such as women are typically more gentle and caring than men. However, this assumption might have been changed over the years because women are now assuming traditionally male roles. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  8. Men and women differ biologically in terms of hormones. Men are typically more aggressive in physical terms than women. This was supported by Hastrup, et.al. in 1980, proving that hormonal levels truly affect stress response in women throughout their menstrual cycle. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  9. Together with his research team, Cooper found out that there was an unintentional genetic selection during the transfer of black Americans to the New World via slave ships. The ancestors of the black Americans today most probably survived the diarrhea outbreak during that time, which means they had a better ability to retain water which contributed to the development of CHD. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  10. STRESS & FATIGUE Fatigue and Overwork - This kind of stress builds up over a long time and can take a hard toll on your body. It can be caused by working too much or too hard at your job(s), school, or home. It can also be caused by not knowing how to manage your time well or how to take time out for rest and relaxation. This can be one of the hardest kinds of stress to avoid because many people feel this is out of their control. Later in this course we will show you that you DO have options and offer some useful tips for dealing with fatigue. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  11. GOOD STRESS VERSUS BAD STRESS Good Stress Versus Bad Stress So if stress can be so bad for you, how can there be "good" or "positive" stress? If you are suffering from extreme stress or long-term stress, your body will eventually wear itself down. But sometimes, small amounts of stress can actually be good. Understanding your stress level is important. If nothing in your life causes you any stress or excitement, you may become bored or may not be living up to your potential. If everything in your life, or large portions of your life, cause you stress, you may experience health or mental problems that will make your behavior worse. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  12. GOOD STRESS VERUS BAD STRESS Recognizing when you are stressed and managing your stress can greatly improve your life. Some short-term stress -- for example what you feel before an important job presentation, test, interview, or sporting event -- may give you the extra energy you need to perform at your best. But long-term stress -- for example constant worry over your job, school, or family -- may actually drain your energy and your ability to perform well. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  13. COMMON FACTS ABOUT STRESS You Are Not Alone: Common Facts About Stress Millions of Americans suffer from stress each year. In fact, 3 out of 4 people say they experience stress at least twice a month. Over half of those people say they suffer from 'high' levels of stress at least twice a month. Stress can contribute to heart disease, high blood pressure, and strokes, and make you more likely to catch less serious illnesses like colds. It can also contribute to alcoholism, obesity, drug addiction, cigarette use, depression, and other harmful behaviors. cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  14. TECHNIQUES TO REDUCINGSTRESS • Humor • Many stress-management experts recommend keeping a sense of humor during difficult situations. Laughing releases muscle tension and helps a person maintain perspective. • Activities as simple as watching a funny movie, listening to a tape of a comedian's routine, or sharing time with a humorous friend can provide a psychological lift and relieve stress. • HOBBIES • REGULAR LEISURE ACTIVITIES ARE IMPORANT IN REDUCING STRESS. RICHARD, MY HUSBAND, ENJOYS BUILDING DOLL HOUSES AND RIDING HIS BICYCLE. YOU MAY ENJOY SKATING.

  15. OTHER ACTIVES TO REDUCE STRESS • Spending time in nature • Stress balls • Natural medicine • Clinically validated alternative treatments • Time management • Planning and decision making • Listening to certain types of relaxing music • Spending quality time with pets cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

  16. Biofeedback relies on sensitive electronic equipment. Sensors are placed on the body at various locations to measure skin temperature and muscle activity. The sensors are attached to a monitor that detects fluctuations when a person is anxious and displays signals in the form of beeps or light flashes. By watching the monitor, a person learns to control these stressful responses Read more: http://ehealthmd.com/content/other-ways-manage-stress#ixzz2sqCqeeVp MEDITATION & BIOFEEDBACK • There are a variety of meditation techniques that share a common goal: to achieve relaxation by clearing the mind of stressful outside interferences. Meditation involves achieving a state of consciousness in which the individual focuses on a single thing, such as a key word, sound, or image.Biofeedback • Biofeedback provides a way for people to learn to control activities over which they normally have no awareness, such as heart rate and muscle tension. It is considered by many health professionals to be a valuable therapeutic tool for reducing stress. Biofeedback involves no discomfort and no risk. • Massage is the gentle practice of manipulating the body's tissues in order to soothe and heal. It is one of the most ancient of the healing arts, and more people today are relying on it for natural, drug-free relief from the effects of busy, overstressed lives. Massage can relax the entire body and provide new energy that lingers long after the massage is over.

  17. MASSAGE • A NUMBER OF RESEARCH STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT MASSAGE REDUCES STRESS. Massage is the gentle practice of manipulating the body's tissues in order to soothe and heal. It is one of the most ancient of the healing arts, and more people today are relying on it for natural, drug-free relief from the effects of busy, overstressed lives. Massage can relax the entire body and provide new energy that lingers long after the massage is over.

  18. CITATIONS • Selye, H (1950). "Stress and the general adaptation syndrome" Br. Med. J.1 (4667): 1383–92 Lazarus, R.S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal and Coping. New York: Springer. Somaz, Wenk Heidi & Tulgan, Bruce (2003). Performance Under Pressure: Managing Stress in the Workplace.Canada. HRD Press Inc.p 7-8. ISBN 0-87425-741-7 Mills, R.C. (1995). Realizing Mental Health: Toward a new Psychology of Resiliency. Sulberger & Graham Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 0-945819-78-1 Sedgeman, J.A. (2005). Health Realization/Innate Health: Can a quiet mind and a positive feeling state be accessible over the lifespan without stress-relief techniques? Med. Sci. Monitor 11(12) HY47-52. [1] Lehrer, Paul M.; David H. (FRW) Barlow, Robert L. Woolfolk, Wesley E. Sime (2007). Principles and Practice of Stress Management, Third Edition. pp. 46–47. ISBN 1-59385-000-X Dubbed “Destressitizers” by The Journal of the Canadian Medical Association Spence, JD; Barnett, PA; Linden, W; Ramsden, V; Taenzer, P (1999). cFIRSTSTEPCOUNSELINGONLINE 2014

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