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  Human Supervisory Control Issues in Unmanned Vehicle Operations Mary (Missy) Cummings

  Human Supervisory Control Issues in Unmanned Vehicle Operations Mary (Missy) Cummings Humans and Automation Laboratory http://halab.mit.edu Aeronautics & Astronautics (617) 252-1512 MissyC@mit.edu. Humans & Automation Lab. HAL Director. Former U.S. Navy officer and pilot

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  Human Supervisory Control Issues in Unmanned Vehicle Operations Mary (Missy) Cummings

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  1.   Human Supervisory Control Issues in Unmanned Vehicle Operations Mary (Missy) Cummings Humans and Automation Laboratory http://halab.mit.edu Aeronautics & Astronautics (617) 252-1512 MissyC@mit.edu

  2. Humans & Automation Lab

  3. HAL Director • Former U.S. Navy officer and pilot • Systems engineer with a cognitive focus • Research Interests: Human supervisory control, decision support design, human interaction with autonomous systems, design of experiments technology development, social impact of technology

  4. Computer Task Human Supervisory Control Actuators Controls Human Operator (Supervisor) Displays Sensors • Humans on the loop vs. in the loop • Supporting knowledge-based versus skill-based tasks • Network-centric operations & cognitive saturation

  5. Ten Areas of Concern • Information overload • Attention allocation • Appropriate levels of automation • Adaptive automation • Decision biases • Distributed decision-making through team coordination • Complexity • Supervisory monitoring of operators  • Trust and reliability • Accountability

  6. Information Overload

  7. Attention Allocation • Multiple HSC tasks = Divided attention problem • Information uncertainties & time latencies • Preview times & stopping rules • Primary task disruption by secondary task • Chat

  8. Appropriate Levels of Automation

  9. Adaptive Automation • Dynamic role allocation • Mixed initiatives • A problem of intent • Cueing mechanisms • Psychophysiological • Decision theoretic • Performance-based

  10. Decision Biases • Naturalistic Decision Making • Dynamic ill-structured problems with shifting goals (i.e., NCW) • Heuristics good & bad • Biases • Confirmation • Recency • Automation

  11. Distributed Decision-making & Team Coordination • The move from hierarchical, centralized to decentralized control • Team mental models & shared situation awareness (SA) • Decision support • Automated agents as team members • Not just an issue for human teams • Swarming UAVs

  12. Complexity

  13. Supervisory Monitoring • Nested supervisory control • Two basic issues: Recognizing & intervening • Interventions • Redistribute workload • Adding team members (both human & computer) • Modify mission objectives

  14. Trust & Reliability

  15. Accountability

  16. The Future of UVs and NCO • We can’t do it without automation & intelligent autonomy • Bounded Collaboration • Human-centered design vs. mission-centered design • Unmanned systems do not really exist • The systems engineering process must consider humans early • Robust systems are needed for both human and automation brittleness considerations

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