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Ch.9

Ch.9 . Expanding Market And Moving West. Section 1 Market Revolution. Growing US markets Specialization - Raise one or two types of crops. Market Revolution-Buy and sell goods instead of make them. Capitalism -Private and individual business drive production.

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Ch.9

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  1. Ch.9 Expanding Market And Moving West

  2. Section 1 Market Revolution Growing US markets • Specialization- Raise one or two types of crops. • Market Revolution-Buy and sell goods instead of make them. • Capitalism-Private and individual business drive production. • Entrepreneurs-People willing to risk money to make money

  3. Transportation • Canals (Erie Canal) • Steamboats • Railroads(consolidation spurred on the railroads)

  4. Communication • Telegraph- Samuel Morse -Communication quickened • Rotary Press- Richard Hoe -Print faster Significance: Communication and newspapers grow. North becomes more divided from the South.

  5. Comparison of the North and SOuth North • Better transportation • Better banking system • Better communication • Better industry • Better unification South • Poor transportation • Few banking systems • Poor communication • Few industry • Divided

  6. Agricultural in the North • Northeast- Decline in Ag • Northwest- Increase in Ag, better soil Increase in growing single crops • Northwest and Northeast work together Better Ag techniques and tools John Deere - Steel Plow, Cyrus McCormick -Mechanical reaper

  7. John L. O’Sullivan, Democratic Review 1845 “is by the right of our manifest destiny to overspread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federative self government entrusted to us. It is a right such as that of the tree to the space of air and earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth.”

  8. Manifest Destiny • Manifest Destiny- It was the USA’s divine right to expand their lands across North America. • Superiority of the “American race” (white people) • Many views on manifest destiny Was manifest destiny moral???

  9. Manifest destiny leads to issues • Black Hawk War Further issues led to a treaty • Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851)- -Gave Native Americans control of the Central Plains (land east of the Rocky Mountains) -Natives promised not to attack settlers. *US fails to follow through with their side of the treaty.*

  10. Destinies to the West • Santa Fe Trail- Missouri to New Mexico • Oregon Trail- Missouri to Oregon

  11. Mormons move west • Mormons- Church of Latter-Day Saints • Founded by Joseph Smith • Book of Mormon • Moved to Illinois but Smith was murdered. • Brigham Young took their group to Utah to flea persecution.

  12. Manifest destiny to the west • Oregon & Maine- Both the US and Britain claimed parts of each of these lands • Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842 divided Maine and Minnesota, but what about Oregon? “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight”

  13. President James Polk • Polk and Britain decide to split Oregon. At 49th parallel.

  14. Expansion in TexasUS gave away Texas in what treaty? • Mexico wins its independence from Spain in 1823. • Mexico gives land grants to draw people to Texas. • Stephen Austin brings in 300 families to Texas.

  15. Issues begin with Texas Problem: Mexico forces immigrants to convert to Roman Catholicism and outlawed slavery. Solution: Immigrants refuse, Mexico closes border. Problem: Americans continue to go anyways Solution: New General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna enforces Mexican laws. Problem: Sam Houston and others revolt and declare Texas an independent republic.

  16. Continued issues • Santa Anna attacked the Alamo in San Antonio killing all of the American defenders • Battle of San Jacinto River, Americans surprise attack with Sam Houston and capture Santa Anna. • Force Santa Anna to sign a treaty for Texas’s independence. • Mexican legislature denies the treaty.

  17. War with Mexico • Annexation angers Mexico • Polk sends John Slidell to Mexico City to • Persuade Mexico to sell California and New Mexico territories • Settle dispute of Mexico-Texas Slidell fails.

  18. Causes for War with Mexico • Polk ordered General Zachary Taylor to move his army toward the Rio Grande. • April 24 1846 Mexico sends army across Rio Grande and attacks American army patrol. • Polk ask Congress for war. • Northern Whigs oppose (Lincoln) • Congress approves the war.

  19. Fighting and end of war • Most fighting is in Mexican territory • US fights with small numbers of armies. • US straight dominate and eventually capture Mexico City in 1847. Consequences: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo- Mexican Cession 1848. • Mexico would recognize the Rio Grande as the southern border of Texas. • The US takes California and New Mexico for $15 million.

  20. Map results of Mexican War

  21. Gadsen Purchase • President Franklin Pierce five years after the Mexican War bought New Mexico and Arizona

  22. California Gold Rush • Gold Rush- People “rushed” in to strike gold. • Called the forty-niners because they rushed to California in 1849. • Huge immigration of Chinese come as a result of this rush.

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