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Gunpowder Empires of Asia

Gunpowder Empires of Asia. Ottoman Empire Safavid Empire Mughal Empire. Used the arts to display political power Monumental architecture, urban design, literature and arts Used religious ideas to legitimize their rule Used differential treatment of ethnic and religious groups

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Gunpowder Empires of Asia

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  1. Gunpowder Empires of Asia Ottoman Empire Safavid Empire Mughal Empire

  2. Used the arts to display political power • Monumental architecture, urban design, literature and arts • Used religious ideas to legitimize their rule • Used differential treatment of ethnic and religious groups • Recruitment and use of bureaucratic elites and military professionals • Used tribute collection & tax farming to fund territorial expansion Rulers used a variety of ways to legitimize and consolidate power.

  3. All three were military creations • Relied on guns to help spread their power • Relied on military prowess of rulers and elites • Authority derived from religious piety • All three relied on bureaucracies • All had productive agrarian economies • Importance of Steppe traditions • All were Turkish in origin • Autocratic rulers imposed their will on the state • Women wielded unusual influence (at times) Dynastic States

  4. Important Aspects • Ghazi • Devshirme • Bureaucracy • Janissaries • Osmanli • Oversee the palace • Oversee the military • Civil administration • State religion of Islam • Millet system • Important Rulers • Mehmed II • Conquered Constantinople • Expanded into Europe • Selim the Grim • Doubled the size of empire • Killed all claimants but one • Suleyman the Lawgiver • Artistic and cultural revival • Major naval power The Ottoman Empire

  5. Important Aspects • TwelverShiism • 12 infallible imams after Muhammad • Isma’il believed to be the 12th or “hidden” imam • Qizilbash (red hats) • Defeat at Chaldiran in 1514 • Guns were unmanly(but still could kill you easy enough) • Important Rulers • Shah Isma’il • Came to power at 14 • Forced Shi’ism on his people • Shah Abbas the Great • Relocated to Isfahan • Jewel of urban dev. • Reformed the admin & military institutions • Interacted with people from the West The Safavid Empire

  6. Important Aspects • Relationship between Muslim ruling elite and Hindu majority • Abolishment of the jizya or religious tax on non-Muslims • Development of religious syncretism called “divine faith” that focused on the emperor • Important Rulers • Babur • Founder of empire • Akbar • Expanded territory and centralized power • Religiously tolerant • Aurangzeb • Expanded to almost control all of India • Revoked policies of tolerance The Mughal Empire

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