What conference did Neville Chamberlain just return from? What did he think he achieved?

1. Do Now: Please Complete on the top half of pg. 150- Use the timeline on the white board to help you. • What conference did Neville Chamberlain just return from? • What did he think he achieved? • What is this policy of giving in known as today?

2. Underneath Your Do Now, Please use the Political Cartoon to answer the following questions 1. Who are the 2 figures in the cartoon? 2. What does the “marriage: symbolize? 3. What does the cartoonist imply by stating “wonder how long the honeymoon will last?” Why does he imply this?

3. Europe in 1939 Map: Foldy Flap over Appeasement and Non-Aggression Pact Activity • Please label the countries and then color code them. • Use the textbook and the map that is posted on the board to complete the work. Please work with a partner you have roughly 10-12 minutes.

5. The Century Questions: 1936-1941 • What did the clip say about Nazi ideals. What type of images were the Nazis trying to promote? • What was appeasement? Why was Neville Chamberlin celebrated when he returned to England? • What did Hitler and the Nazis do to Poland? • How did the war in Europe help the U.S. economy?

6. World War II: The Beginnings of the War and the War in Europe

7. The Axis And the Allies VS.

8. AXIS Powers Advance • 9/1/1939: Nazi forces invaded Poland, France & Great Britain declare war on Germany 9/3/1939 • Blitzkrieg: Known as lightening warfare because it was a SWIFT MASSIVE ATTACK • “Phony War” – No activity in W. Europe at first…until • BLITZKRIEG WARFARE • April, 1940: Hitler invaded Denmark and Norway   • May 1940 – Hitler invades Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – strategy to strike at France

9. Maginot Line – a system of fortifications along France’s border with Germany • France thought this fortification line was impenetrable, but Germany went around it (went north of the Maginot Line through the Ardennes Forest)

10. Dunkirk: When Belgium surrendered, trapped Allied forces retreated to the French port of Dunkirk until they were rescued by the British… After Dunkirk, resistance in France began to crumble… • June 14, 1940: Germans entered Paris • June 22, 1940: French leaders surrendered • Charles de Gaulle, a French general, set up a government –in-exile in London. He committed all of his energy to re-conquering France.

11. The Allies Organize & Fight Back • After the fall of France, Great Britain stood alone against the Nazis • Prime Minister Winston Churchill vowed that his nation would never give in.

12. The Battle of Britain • Summer 1940 – the German air force, the Luftwaffe, began bombing airfields in Great Britain, hoping to destroy the Royal Air Force (RAF) – yet England’s radar system helped inflict heavy losses on the Luftwaffe • September 1940- Germany began focusing on British cities, especially London, known as the “Blitz.” They hoped to break British morale by bombing the civilian population. However, the British did not waver. • Battle of Britain continued until May, 1941 – Hitler finally decided to call off his attacks

13. Operation Barbarossa: • Hitler’s plan to invade the Soviet Union • April 1941 – Hitler invaded the Balkans: Conquered Greece and Yugoslavia as a strategy to invade the Soviet Union • Soviet Union was not prepared for this… poorly trained and equipped soldiers • As German armies pushed ahead, the Soviet Union implemented the scorched earth policy (Sound familiar?) • September 8, 1941 - Germans invaded Leningrad • Germans pushed on toward Moscow in late 1941, however, they stalled there as well and the Soviet winter cost many German lives

14. The USA Aids its Allies • U.S. wanted to remain neutral, but German victories in Europe convinced FDR to start actively helping the Allied powers. • Lend-Lease Act (1941) – “arsenal of democracy” – U.S,. could lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country vital to the U.S. • provided the Allies, especially Great Britain and the Soviet Union, with more than $50 billion worth of arms, food, and other supplies(some aid also went to China to help fight Japan)

15. Pearl Harbor – “A DAY WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY” • With plans to seize European colonies in Southeast Asia and the conquering of French Indochina in July 1941, FDR cut off oil shipments to Japan • December 7, 1941- Japan launched a surprise attack on American military base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. • more than 2,300 people were killed and many ships and planes were destroyed • In response, FDR asked Congress for a declaration of war on Japan and its allies

16. Turning Points of the War • Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943) • Russian troops and a freezing winter caused the German invaders to surrender in 1943 • The Red Army drove the German out of the Soviet Union • Soon the Soviet troops were advancing toward Germany • D-Day: Invasion of Normandy - largest land and sea attack in history! • June 6, 1944: British, American, and Canadian troops fought their way onto the beaches at Normandy, France (paratroopers landed during night) • Heavy casualties – more than 2,700 Americans alone died that day, yet they held firm • By September 1944 – Allied forces had freed France, Belgium, and Luxembourg

17. The Yalta Conference • Feb. 1945: Roosevelt, Churchville and Stalin met at the Soviet resort called Yalta • With the war nearly ended, the three leaders decided to divide Germany temporarily when the war was over • Would oversee the creation of new governments in Eastern Europe

18. The War Ends in EUROPE! • Roosevelt did NOT live to witness this victory. He died on April 12, 1945 as Allied armies were advancing toward Berlin • Roosevelt’s successor: Harry S. Truman • April 25, 1945: Soviets had surrounded Berlin, Germany • April 30, 1945: Hitler and his wife, Eva Braun, committed suicide • May 7, 1945: General Eisenhower accepted unconditional surrender from the German military • May 9, 1945: V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day) War ends in Europe, but continues in the Pacific…