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CT 2104

CT 2104. Computer Hardware and Software By: Connor McCabe. Hardware versus Software. Software: S oftware is a collection of programs that help the computer hardware to work properly. Hardware: All the physical parts of a Computer System. (the things you can see and touch).

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CT 2104

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  1. CT 2104 Computer Hardware and Software By: Connor McCabe

  2. Hardware versus Software • Software: Software is a collection of programs that help the computer hardware to work properly. • Hardware: All the physical parts of a Computer System. (the things you can see and touch).

  3. Hardware Vocabulary • Motherboard • CPU • RAM • BIOS Chip • CMOS Battery • CPU Fan • CPU Heat Sink • Expansion Slots • Adaptor Cards

  4. More Hardware Vocab • Computer Case • Hard Drive • CD/DVD Drive • Power Supply • Power Cables • Ribbon Cables • Ports • Series • USB • Sound

  5. The Computer Case • Types of Cases: Tower Case, Desktop Case. • Needs Air Flow • Openings • Fan to Circulate Air

  6. Power Supply • Controls electricity to the computer • Reduces 120 volts of power to a form that will not harm the electronics • Rated at 300 watts

  7. Motherboard • The main circuit in the computer. • Consider the “spine” • All other parts connect to the mother board.

  8. CPU- Central Processing Unit. • Located on the motherboard • It is a computer chip that processes all data. • It’s the “brain” of the computer system. • When the CPU receives and carries out an instruction, it has completed one cycle. • CPU Speed = number of cycles in one second • Cycles are measured in • Gigahertz (GHz) -> Billions of cycles per second

  9. RAM – Random Access Memory • Located on the motherboard. • Used to store information which the computer is CURRENTLY using. • It’s a temporary memory; once power is off the info is lost. • Ram is measured in MB/GB.

  10. CPU / CPU Heat Sink • Computer electronics (especially chips) generate huge amounts of heat. • Fans and heat sinks help cool electronics.

  11. BIOS Chip • BIOS = Basic Input/ Output System. • Located on the motherboard • A type of ROM [read only memory] used by the computer to instruct the system when starting up. • “Steps that tell computers how to start”

  12. CMOS and CMOS Battery • CMOS = Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor • Located on the motherboard • CMOS allows a computer to store info [ex. Time] even when the power is off.

  13. Adapter Cards • Allows other devices to connect to Motherboard. • Include: • Video Card • Sound Card • Network Card

  14. Pimped Out Video Cards - GPUS • High end video cards are available that have their own processors, called GPU. • GPU = Graphics Processing Units.

  15. Integrated “Video, Sound, Network” on the Motherboard. • Video, sound, and network often, built into the Motherboard. • This is known as Integrated Motherboard.

  16. Hard Disk Drive • The primary (main) storage device for the computer. • The hard drive holds the operating system (Windows XP in this lab) , programs, and data files. • It’s where data goes when saved. • Continued on next slide.

  17. Hard Disk (slide 2) • It’s a spinning disk. Data is saved in sectors on the disk. A moving arm reads data from the disk. • Storage capacity measured in GB and TB.

  18. CD / DVD Drive • Device that reads and writes data to a “Compact Disc” or “Digital Video Disc” • Uses optics / laser to communicate. • Scratches on the disc are nasty.

  19. Power Cables / Ribon Cables • Ribbon Cable : Many wires are joined in parallel. They transfer data. • Power Cables: Single wires that are usually colored. Carries power.

  20. Connection Ports • Any opening that allows external devices to connect to the computer. • Includes : USB, firewire, serial, parralel, s-video, Hi-def, VGA, Ethernet.. Etc.

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