Characteristics of Living Things

1. Characteristics of Living Things

2. Let’s Practice Tell if the object is living or nonliving. Nonliving Living Living Nonliving Living Living Living

4. Bellringer: How do you know if an object is ALIVE? It has to have ALL Seven Characteristics of Life!!!!!!

5. Let’s learn about the 7 characteristics of life.

6. 1) ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF CELLS A CELL IS THE SMALLEST LIVING UNIT THAT CAN CARRY OUT LIFE PROCESSES

7. 2 types of cells • 1. Unicellular • 2. Multicellular

8. Single cell (unicellular ) organisms makeup most organisms on Earth. They have everything they need to be self-sufficient.

9. In multi-cellular(more than one cell) organisms, the cells specialize to perform specific functions (bone cells, skin cells, muscle cells, root cells, leaf cells). Red Blood Cell Leaf cell Nerve cell Smooth muscle Yeast cell

10. 2) ALL LIVING THINGS USE ENERGY The SUN is the main source of energy on Earth!!! The Sun makes light that is used by plants!!!!!! What is the name of this process by which plants convert the energy from the sun into food?

11. Plants (producers) trap the energy of the Sun and make glucose (sugar) in the process called photosynthesis. Consumers (animals) get their energy from the plants!!!!

12. 3) ALL LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO A STIMULUS (plural-Stimuli) Living things respond to immediate and long-term changes in their environment (shiver when cold, change fur color, plants bend toward light).

13. Responding to Stimuli a. dogs pant when hot b. pupils dilate in lower light levels c. humans sweat when body gets too hot d. reflexes – touch hot stove, fight/flight

14. 4) ALL LIVING THINGS REPRODUCE Reproduction must occur for a species to survive. Reproduction can be either sexual or asexual.

15. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION 3 Types of Reproduction 1. Budding – Hydra and Sponge 2. Fragmentation - Starfish 3. Binary Fission – unicellular organisms

16. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

17. 5) ALL LIVING THINGS GROW AND DEVELOP To grow means to get bigger and to get bigger; more cells must be added. To increase numbers of cells, cell division must occur. Develop means to change into an adult form (mature).

18. 6) ALL LIVING THINGS CHANGE TO FIT THEIR ENVIRONMENT(ADAPT) Organisms must adapt to changes in their environment or risk becoming extinct. Adaptations occur over a very long period of time (millions of years).

19. Name some of the adaptations of these organisms.

20. 7) ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE DNA. DNA provides instructions for making molecules called proteins. Proteins build cells. DNA carries the genetic material from parent to offspring (heredity).

21. Cell Theory • 1. All living things are made of cells. • 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function. • 3. Living cells come only from other living cells.

22. LET”S PRACTICE!!! Which characteristics of life is being described? Reproduction Cells Adaptation Grow and develop Responses Energy

23. BELLRINGERS • Define: living, dead, nonliving. 2. Give examples of living, nonliving and dead objects. 3. Describe how you would know if an object is living or nonliving? 4. Define: multicellular, unicellular 5. Define: prokaryotic cell, eukaryotic cell 6. Define: taxonomy, classification, kingdom, organism

24. Bellringer: Give an example of something living, dead and nonliving. * Living organisms must show ALL 7 characteristics of life. *Dead organisms ONCE showed ALL 7 characteristics but now do not. *Nonliving things do not have all 7 characteristics.