Reading

1. Reading 李杰

2. Pre-reading Picture 1 is a bridge that looks like a bow or a moon. I saw some statues on the bridge.

3. Picture 2 is a building that looks like a hamburger.

4. Picture3 is the Opera House in Sydney that looks like ship sails.

5. Picture 4 is a pedestrian overpass that looks like a dragon (Or like a ribbon.)

6. Reading 1. The passage is about classical Chinese architecture. 2. Some modern architecture takes examples from nature. 3. The text is about parks and gardens.

7. Scanning 1. When was Modernism invented? 2. Who invented Modernism? 3. Why did they invent Modernism?

8. Answer Modernism was invented in the 1920s by a group of architects who wanted to change society with buildings that went against people’s feeling of beauty. They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look natural.

9. Skimming Part 1（Para. 1） Every great culture in the past had its own ideas expressed in art and architecture. Part 2 (Para. 2) How and when modernism came into being?

10. Part 3 (Para. 3-5) The differences between traditional architecture and modern architecture， and why ancient architecture had many beautiful buildings.

11. Part 4 (Para.6-8) Examples of famous architects and great buildings that take examples from nature.

12. Post-reading 1. them → modern buildings that → Nature doesn’t have any straight lines his → Antonio Gaudi’s

13. 2. Antonio Gaudi was inspired by eyes, bones, fish and a dragon. Frank Lloyd Wright was inspired by Japanese seashells. 3. Because when viewed from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a

14. bird’s nest made of tree branches. The flowing lines and round shapes make the building look warm and friendly. It looks like a stage and the players won’t have pressure under such natural environment.

15. 4. (1) We can divide those materials into traditional materials and modern materials. (2) Group1 traditional materials: earth, stone, brick and wood Group2 modern materials: steel, glass, and concrete

16. (3) Bamboo belongs to traditional materials. Alnico ([冶]铝镍钴合金,磁 钢)and plastic belong to modern materials. 5. Because modern buildings go against people’s feeling of beauty. They are constructed in a way to look unnatural.

17. The buildings look like boxes with flat roofs, sharp corners and glass walls that act as mirrors. You do not feel invited to enter them. Everything about these buildings seems hard and unfriendly.

18. Compare ancient architecture with modern architecture.

19. Like things we find in nature. Nature does not have any straight lines. Huge, like boxes with flat roofs, sharp corners and glass walls.

20. earth, stone, brick， wood and bamboo steel, glass, concrete, alnico and plastic

21. Natural and beautiful Hard and unfriendly

22. Taihe Dian the Temple of Heaven Smolny Cathedral Most of modern buildings look the same.

23. Appreciate

24. Explanation 1. Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and architecture. 每种优秀文化都用艺术和建筑来表达他们对美的认识。

25. When you look around at buildings, streets, squares and parks, you will find them designed, planned and built in different styles. 当你环顾周围的建筑，街道，广场和 公园时，你就会发现他们是以不同风格 设计、规划和建筑的。

26. had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and architecture和find them designed, planned and built in different styles是动词 +宾语+宾语补足语结构，过去分词作宾语补足语表示该动作和宾语是被动关系。

27. e.g. The villagers had many trees planted just then. We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

28. find +n +adj. /n /doing /done /adverb /prepositional phrase/ to be e.g. I find Russian grammar very difficult. Will you find me a file? /Will you find a file for me?

29. Modern buildings impress us because they are huge, but many people do not find them beautiful. If you are found playing games at work, you will be dismissed.

30. 2. Modernism was invented in the 1920s by a group of young architects who wanted to change society with buildings that went against people’s feeling of beauty. 现代主义是由一群想用背离人们审美标准的建筑来改变社会的年轻建筑师在二十世纪二十年代创立的。

31. go against 1）违反，违背 She went against her father’s will. It goes against my wishes to leave the country. 2）对……不利 The case may go against us. The game is goingagainst the visiting team.

32. 3. Modern buildings impress us because they are huge, but many people do not find them beautiful. 现代建筑因为庞大引人注目，但是许 多人发现他们并不漂亮。

33. impress v 引人注目, 给人深刻印象 The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 常与on连用 使印象深刻; 使铭记 His words strongly impressed on my memory. My father impressed on me the value of hard work.

34. impression n.印象, 感想 What were your first impressions of London? What I said made practically no impression on him. First impressions are most lasting. [谚]最初的印象最深刻; 先入为主。

35. 4. Both in the choice of materials and shape of buildings, ancient architecture stands much closer to nature. 在建筑的材料和形状选择方面，古 建筑更接近大自然。 close adv.接近地；紧密地

36. Travelling is a good way to get close to nature. Don’t stand so close to each other. close 接近地 closely 密切地 wide 广阔地 widely 广泛地 high 高地 highly 高度地 deep 深地 deeply 深深地

37. 不带-ly表具体，带ly表抽象。 请认真区分下列句子： 1) The two events are closely connected. Don’t get close to the dog. He may bite you. 2) He stared at the sky with wide open eyes. English is widely used in the world.

38. 3) The kite is flying high in the sky. The teacher spoke highly of Zhao Ming. 4) They dug deep for the treasure. They were deeply thankful to the professor.

39. 5. Despite the fact that he used traditional materials, Gaudi was a Modern architect. 尽管使用传统材料，但高迪却是 一名现代建筑师。 despite prep.不管, 尽管, 不论 Despite the bad weather, we enjoyed our holiday.

40. 6. Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches. 从顶上观看，它就像一个由灰色钢网 覆盖的体育馆，并且看起来正像是用树 枝搭成的鸟巢。

41. Seen from the top 过去分词短语作状语，和主语it是被动关系，表示it被观看。 • 连词词组as if /though“好似”，“就好像”，通常接方式状语从句 。 e.g.: This American girl speaks Chinese as if／though she were a Chinese． • made of tree branches过去分词短语作nest的定语，表被动。

42. Homework Go over the text. • Sum up the differences between traditional architecture and modern architecture. 2. What does great architecture have in common?

43. Homework 3. Pick out all the sentences that contain past participles used as object complements in the text. 4. Write Exercise 5 on Page 97.