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11.2 The P olitics of War

11.2 The P olitics of War. Britain and the Confederacy The Emancipation Proclamation Habeas Corpus & Draft Riots. The Trent Affair. The Confederacy dispatched envoys to discuss recognition with Britain

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11.2 The P olitics of War

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  1. 11.2 The Politics of War Britain and the Confederacy The Emancipation Proclamation Habeas Corpus & Draft Riots

  2. The Trent Affair The Confederacy dispatched envoys to discuss recognition with Britain The Confederates believed European demand for cotton would force recognition (“King Cotton strategy”) Abolitionist sympathy in England, however, would lot allow for recognition Union captures Confederate diplomats aboard the Trent – “One war at a time” – Lincoln issues formal apology through Sec. Seward

  3. “I know not why this has been so, but this I say, 'put not your trust in princes', and rest not your hopes in foreign nations. This war is ours; we must fight it out ourselves, and I feel some pride in knowing that so far we have done it without the good will of anybody."         - Jefferson Davis

  4. Emancipation Proclamation Preliminary Proclamation issued following the Battle of Antietam 9/22/1862; goes into effect 1/1/1863 War Measure, which seeks to free slaves as a means to end the “rebellion” The Emancipation Proclamation only frees slaves in “those places still in rebellion” while leaving thousands in bondage (Border States)

  5. Emancipation Proclamation “The most execrable measure recorded in the history of guilty man” – Jefferson Davis

  6. Habeas Corpus 4/1861 Lincoln suspends habeas corpus in Baltimore (Why?) Article I Section 9: “…habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.” Lincoln would ultimately suspend habeas corpus throughout the entire country; Jefferson Davis will do the same

  7. Letter to Albert G. Hodges “By general law life and limb must be protected; yet often a limb must be amputated to save a life; but a life is never wisely given to save a limb. I felt that measures, otherwise unconstitutional, might become lawful, by becoming indispensable to the preservation of the constitution, through the preservation of the nation.” – President Lincoln Life = ? Limb = ?

  8. Benjamin Franklin “Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety.”

  9. Connect to last night’s reading…

  10. Copperheads Northern Democrats sympathetic to the Confederacy Favored generous peace terms Copperheads run former Union General George McClellan against Lincoln in 1864

  11. Conscription • Desertions and dwindling enlistments forced conscription (draft) • Union terms: • Men 20-45 • $300 (Enrollment Act) • Confederate terms • Men 18-35 / 17-50 • Those who owned over 20 slaves were exempt

  12. Draft Riots • “Rich man’s war, poor man’s fight” • NYC draft riots • July 13-16, 1863 • Rioters tended to be poor, white, (Irish) workers • Hostile toward wealthy (Enrollment Act) • African Americans were lynched • “The Enrollment Act has made us nobodies, vagabonds, and cast-outs of society, for whom nobody cares when we must go to war…”

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